Produção e suplementação com α-amilase de Cryptococcus flavus e Aspergillus niger HM2003 na dieta de frangos de corte de um a 21 dias de idade

• Autor(a) principal: Minafra, Cibele Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/284
• topic: α-amilase; Frango de crte; Enzima; α-amylase; Poultry; Enzyme; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::ENZIMOLOGIA

The α-amylase supplementation is important to pancreas development and for resistant starch for poultry. α-amylase extract obtained from Cryptococcus flavus was produced in a yeast extract based medium and pre-starter broiler ration and Aspergillus niger HM2003, with soybean protein and commercial starch. α-amylase from Cryptococcus flavus was characterized and presented good stability in pH (3,0 a 8,0) with 80% produce and temperature (30 a 70°C) with produce 90% to be used in commercial rations and resist to gastrointestinal tract without lost of activity. Evaluation in vitro of rations with enzymes showed good results by reducing sugars analysis (0,300 µmol), α-amylase (9,0U/mL) and soluble protein (15 mg), with potential enzymatic action in pre-starter ration. A total of 360 one-day-old male broiler chicks Cobb, from one to 21 days, and mean starter weight of 50g, raised in heated batteries and allotted in a completely randomized design with presence or absence of α-amylase produced by Cryptococcus flavus and Aspergillus niger HM2003, consisting of three treatment for pre-starter ration and three for starter ration with five replicates of 12 birds each. Rations were based on corn and soybean meal, in pre-starter phase (1 to 7 days of age) and starter phase (8 to 21 days). Animals received diets and water ad libitum in all experimental period. No significative effects (P<0.05) were observed for performance. Nitrogen retention was higher in pre-starter phase with Aspergillus niger HM2003 α-amylase supplementation. No significative effects were observed for digesta and ration viscosity for treatments. The α-amylase supplementation affected liver and pancreas metabolism and reduced relative weight at seven and 21 days of age in 17.02% and 23.61%, respectively, and liver at 21 days in 20.94%. Amylase activity in pancreas reduced 5.23% at seven days for pre-starter phase and 17.45%at 21 days for starter phase. In liver, at seven and 21 days, for pre-starter and starter, the values didn t differ significantly for protein concentration (1.80 and 1.41 g/dL), glutamate-oxalacetate transamimase (229.57and 199.82 UI/L) and glutamate-pyruvate transamimase (71.82 and 63.83 UI/L). The alkaline phosphatase were significative at seven days, with lower value in ration without amylase supplementation (227.36 UI/L) and at 21 days didn t occurred any statistical difference (261.77 UI/L). In pre-starter phase the blood parameters observed were at seven days of age: calcium (6.90 and 5.99mg/dL), phosphorus (4.76 and 6.24 mmol/L), chloride (124.43 and 141.49 mmol/L), and plasma protein (2.0 and 2.5 g/dL). Non-significative parameters at seven days were: potassium (6.35 mmol/L), alkaline phosphatase activity (974.77 UI/L) and amylase (563.89 U/dL). In starter phase at 21 days, significative results were: phosphorus (4.98 and 4.99mmol/L), plasmatic plasmatic (2.97 and 3.12 g/dL). Non-significative parameters were: calcium (5.69 mg/dL), chloride (133.34 mmol/L), alkaline phosphatase activity (966.90 UI/L) and amylase (560.20 U/dL). These results can be used as reference for scientific community, but serum values are not yet well- known for broilers fed rations containing α-amylase exogenous supplementation.