Avaliação de impactos ambientais da atividade industrial no Pólo Moveleiro de Ubá MG

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Celso Coelho de
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2969
• topic: Impacto ambiental; Indústria moveleira; Resíduo florestal; Environmental impact; Furniture industry; Forest residues; florestal; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::CONSERVACAO DA NATUREZA

In terms of total number of companies, the Ubá Furniture Manufacturing Center is the third largest in Brazil and the largest in the state of Minas Gerais. More than 400 factories comprise the Center. Considering its national and statewide significance, it is important that the Center conform to legal and market environmental demands, especially considering external markets. Taking this compliance into consideration, it is necessary to know what impacts are caused by the furniture industry. The objectives of this research were to identify the Center s environmental impacts and delineate potentiality fulfillment measures for impacts characterized as positive and mitigation measures for the negative ones. Identification and description of impacting activities were gotten from a literature review and from directly observing furniture factory activities in Ubá and their interactions with physical, biotic and human environs. The environmental impact evaluation used two methods: interaction matrix and check list. The interaction matrix was employed first, using impacting activities for lines and relevant environmental factors (subdivided into physical, biotic and human environs) for columns. Using this method it was possible to identify 28 impacting activities distributed among the following 4 phases: furniture preassembly (3 impacting activities), furniture assembly (18 impacting activities), shipping and commercialization of furniture (4 impacting activities), and factory cleaning and maintenance (3 impacting activities). The relative environmental factors totaled 27, making possible 756 possible interrelations of environmental impact of which 169 (22.4%) were identified and characterized by the method. Of these, 159 (94.1%) were classified as negative and 10 (5.9%) were positive. The human environ was the most heavily impacted, presenting 79 interrelationships (46.8% of total). The check list method was used as an auxiliary system to explicitly analyze the impacts identified in the interaction matrix. This identified 162 impacts, 9 (5.6%) being positive and 153 (94.4%) being negative. Seventy-six environmental measures were delineated, 60 (79.0%) being considered as mitigating and 16 (21.0%) being potential generating. The great majority of these measures could be implemented by the business manager without depending on outside assistance. The study s principal conclusion is that the methods used in this evaluation were shown to be efficient for the type of enterprise in question. This study therefore may serve as a didactic reference for environmental licensing of furniture manufacture in Minas Gerais State.