Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072964 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/247152 |
Resumo: | The present paper reports a sustainable raw material obtained from the by-products derived from the industrial production of bergamot (Citrus × Bergamia Risso & Poiteau) essential oils. The procedure to obtain the raw material is designed to maintain as much of the bioactive components as possible and to avoid expensive chemical purification. It consists of spray-drying the fruit juice obtained by squeezing the fruits, which is mixed with the aqueous extract of the pulp, i.e., the solid residue remained after fruit pressing. The resulting powder bergamot juice (PBJ) contains multiple bioactive components, in particular, among others, soluble fibers, polyphenols and amino-acid betaines, such as stachydrine and betonicine. LC-MS analysis identified 86 compounds, with hesperetin, naringenin, apigenin and eridictyol glucosides being the main components. In the second part of the paper, dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of PBJ and of stachydrine was found, but neither of the compounds were effective in activating Nrf2. PBJ was then found to be effective in an in vivo model of a metabolic syndrome induced by a high-sugar, high-fat (HSF) diet and evidenced by a significant increase of the values related to a set of parameters: blood glucose, triglycerides, insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, visceral adipose tissue and adiposity index. PBJ, when given to control rats, did not significantly change these values; in contrast, they were found to be greatly affected in rats receiving an HSF diet. The in vivo effect of PBJ can be ascribed not only to bergamot polyphenols with well-known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and lipid-regulating effects, but also to the dietary fibers and to the non-phenolic constituents, such as stachydrine. Moreover, since PBJ was found to affect energy homeostasis and to regulate food intake, a mechanism on the regulation of energy homeostasis through leptin networking should also be considered and deserves further investigation. |
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Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Productsanti-inflammatoryantioxidantbergamotmetabolic syndromeNfkBpolyphenolsThe present paper reports a sustainable raw material obtained from the by-products derived from the industrial production of bergamot (Citrus × Bergamia Risso & Poiteau) essential oils. The procedure to obtain the raw material is designed to maintain as much of the bioactive components as possible and to avoid expensive chemical purification. It consists of spray-drying the fruit juice obtained by squeezing the fruits, which is mixed with the aqueous extract of the pulp, i.e., the solid residue remained after fruit pressing. The resulting powder bergamot juice (PBJ) contains multiple bioactive components, in particular, among others, soluble fibers, polyphenols and amino-acid betaines, such as stachydrine and betonicine. LC-MS analysis identified 86 compounds, with hesperetin, naringenin, apigenin and eridictyol glucosides being the main components. In the second part of the paper, dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of PBJ and of stachydrine was found, but neither of the compounds were effective in activating Nrf2. PBJ was then found to be effective in an in vivo model of a metabolic syndrome induced by a high-sugar, high-fat (HSF) diet and evidenced by a significant increase of the values related to a set of parameters: blood glucose, triglycerides, insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, visceral adipose tissue and adiposity index. PBJ, when given to control rats, did not significantly change these values; in contrast, they were found to be greatly affected in rats receiving an HSF diet. The in vivo effect of PBJ can be ascribed not only to bergamot polyphenols with well-known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and lipid-regulating effects, but also to the dietary fibers and to the non-phenolic constituents, such as stachydrine. Moreover, since PBJ was found to affect energy homeostasis and to regulate food intake, a mechanism on the regulation of energy homeostasis through leptin networking should also be considered and deserves further investigation.Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25Medical School Sao Paulo State University (Unesp)Plantexresearch SrlMedical School Sao Paulo State University (Unesp)University of MilanUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Plantexresearch SrlDella Vedova, LarissaGado, FrancescaVieira, Taynara A. [UNESP]Grandini, Núbia A. [UNESP]Palácio, Thiago L. N. [UNESP]Siqueira, Juliana S. [UNESP]Carini, MarinaBombardelli, EzioCorrea, Camila R. [UNESP]Aldini, GiancarloBaron, Giovanna2023-07-29T13:07:42Z2023-07-29T13:07:42Z2023-04-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072964Molecules, v. 28, n. 7, 2023.1420-3049http://hdl.handle.net/11449/24715210.3390/molecules280729642-s2.0-85152311561Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengMoleculesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-07-29T13:07:42Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/247152Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462023-07-29T13:07:42Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products |
title |
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products |
spellingShingle |
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products Della Vedova, Larissa anti-inflammatory antioxidant bergamot metabolic syndrome NfkB polyphenols |
title_short |
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products |
title_full |
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products |
title_fullStr |
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products |
title_sort |
Chemical, Nutritional and Biological Evaluation of a Sustainable and Scalable Complex of Phytochemicals from Bergamot By-Products |
author |
Della Vedova, Larissa |
author_facet |
Della Vedova, Larissa Gado, Francesca Vieira, Taynara A. [UNESP] Grandini, Núbia A. [UNESP] Palácio, Thiago L. N. [UNESP] Siqueira, Juliana S. [UNESP] Carini, Marina Bombardelli, Ezio Correa, Camila R. [UNESP] Aldini, Giancarlo Baron, Giovanna |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Gado, Francesca Vieira, Taynara A. [UNESP] Grandini, Núbia A. [UNESP] Palácio, Thiago L. N. [UNESP] Siqueira, Juliana S. [UNESP] Carini, Marina Bombardelli, Ezio Correa, Camila R. [UNESP] Aldini, Giancarlo Baron, Giovanna |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
University of Milan Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Plantexresearch Srl |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Della Vedova, Larissa Gado, Francesca Vieira, Taynara A. [UNESP] Grandini, Núbia A. [UNESP] Palácio, Thiago L. N. [UNESP] Siqueira, Juliana S. [UNESP] Carini, Marina Bombardelli, Ezio Correa, Camila R. [UNESP] Aldini, Giancarlo Baron, Giovanna |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
anti-inflammatory antioxidant bergamot metabolic syndrome NfkB polyphenols |
topic |
anti-inflammatory antioxidant bergamot metabolic syndrome NfkB polyphenols |
description |
The present paper reports a sustainable raw material obtained from the by-products derived from the industrial production of bergamot (Citrus × Bergamia Risso & Poiteau) essential oils. The procedure to obtain the raw material is designed to maintain as much of the bioactive components as possible and to avoid expensive chemical purification. It consists of spray-drying the fruit juice obtained by squeezing the fruits, which is mixed with the aqueous extract of the pulp, i.e., the solid residue remained after fruit pressing. The resulting powder bergamot juice (PBJ) contains multiple bioactive components, in particular, among others, soluble fibers, polyphenols and amino-acid betaines, such as stachydrine and betonicine. LC-MS analysis identified 86 compounds, with hesperetin, naringenin, apigenin and eridictyol glucosides being the main components. In the second part of the paper, dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of PBJ and of stachydrine was found, but neither of the compounds were effective in activating Nrf2. PBJ was then found to be effective in an in vivo model of a metabolic syndrome induced by a high-sugar, high-fat (HSF) diet and evidenced by a significant increase of the values related to a set of parameters: blood glucose, triglycerides, insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, visceral adipose tissue and adiposity index. PBJ, when given to control rats, did not significantly change these values; in contrast, they were found to be greatly affected in rats receiving an HSF diet. The in vivo effect of PBJ can be ascribed not only to bergamot polyphenols with well-known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and lipid-regulating effects, but also to the dietary fibers and to the non-phenolic constituents, such as stachydrine. Moreover, since PBJ was found to affect energy homeostasis and to regulate food intake, a mechanism on the regulation of energy homeostasis through leptin networking should also be considered and deserves further investigation. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-29T13:07:42Z 2023-07-29T13:07:42Z 2023-04-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072964 Molecules, v. 28, n. 7, 2023. 1420-3049 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/247152 10.3390/molecules28072964 2-s2.0-85152311561 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072964 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/247152 |
identifier_str_mv |
Molecules, v. 28, n. 7, 2023. 1420-3049 10.3390/molecules28072964 2-s2.0-85152311561 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Molecules |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1799965679187656704 |