Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167564 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/169224 |
Resumo: | Tropical regions have been considered the world's primary agricultural frontier; however, some physico-chemical deficiencies, such as low soil organic matter content, poor soil structure, high erodibility, soil acidity, and aluminum toxicity, have affected their productive capacity. Lime and gypsum are commonly used to improve soil chemical fertility, but no information exists about the long-term effects of these products on the physical attributes and C protection mechanisms of highly weathered Oxisols. A field trial was conducted in a sandy clay loam (kaolinitic, thermic Typic Haplorthox) under a no-tillage system for 12 years. The trial consisted of four treatments: a control with no soil amendment application, the application of 2.1 Mg ha-1 phosphogypsum, the application of 2.0 Mg ha-1 lime, and the application of lime + phosphogypsum (2.0 + 2.1 Mg ha-1, respectively). Since the experiment was established in 2002, the rates have been applied three times (2002, 2004, and 2010). Surface liming effectively increased water-stable aggregates > 2.0 mm at a depth of up to 0.2 m; however, the association with phosphogypsum was considered a good strategy to improve the macroaggregate stability in subsoil layers (0.20 to 0.40 m). Consequently, both soil amendments applied together increased the mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) in all soil layers, with increases of up to 118 and 89%, respectively, according to the soil layer. The formation and stabilization of larger aggregates contributed to a higher accumulation of total organic carbon (TOC) on these structures. In addition to TOC, the MWD and aggregate stability index were positively correlated with Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels and base saturation. Consequently, the increase observed in the aggregate size class resulted in a better organization of soil particles, increasing the macro-porosity and reducing the soil bulk density and penetration resistance. Therefore, adequate soil chemical management plays a fundamental role in improving the soil's physical attributes in tropical areas under conservative management and highly affected by compaction caused by intensive farming. |
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Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditionsTropical regions have been considered the world's primary agricultural frontier; however, some physico-chemical deficiencies, such as low soil organic matter content, poor soil structure, high erodibility, soil acidity, and aluminum toxicity, have affected their productive capacity. Lime and gypsum are commonly used to improve soil chemical fertility, but no information exists about the long-term effects of these products on the physical attributes and C protection mechanisms of highly weathered Oxisols. A field trial was conducted in a sandy clay loam (kaolinitic, thermic Typic Haplorthox) under a no-tillage system for 12 years. The trial consisted of four treatments: a control with no soil amendment application, the application of 2.1 Mg ha-1 phosphogypsum, the application of 2.0 Mg ha-1 lime, and the application of lime + phosphogypsum (2.0 + 2.1 Mg ha-1, respectively). Since the experiment was established in 2002, the rates have been applied three times (2002, 2004, and 2010). Surface liming effectively increased water-stable aggregates > 2.0 mm at a depth of up to 0.2 m; however, the association with phosphogypsum was considered a good strategy to improve the macroaggregate stability in subsoil layers (0.20 to 0.40 m). Consequently, both soil amendments applied together increased the mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) in all soil layers, with increases of up to 118 and 89%, respectively, according to the soil layer. The formation and stabilization of larger aggregates contributed to a higher accumulation of total organic carbon (TOC) on these structures. In addition to TOC, the MWD and aggregate stability index were positively correlated with Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels and base saturation. Consequently, the increase observed in the aggregate size class resulted in a better organization of soil particles, increasing the macro-porosity and reducing the soil bulk density and penetration resistance. Therefore, adequate soil chemical management plays a fundamental role in improving the soil's physical attributes in tropical areas under conservative management and highly affected by compaction caused by intensive farming.Department of Crop Science College of Agricultural Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Division of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of NottinghamDepartment of Crop Science College of Agricultural Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)University of NottinghamFilho, Antonio C.A. Carmeis [UNESP]Crusciol, Carlos A.C. [UNESP]Guimarães, Tiara M. [UNESP]Calonego, Juliano C. [UNESP]Mooney, Sacha J.2018-12-11T16:44:59Z2018-12-11T16:44:59Z2016-12-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167564PLoS ONE, v. 11, n. 12, 2016.1932-6203http://hdl.handle.net/11449/16922410.1371/journal.pone.01675642-s2.0-850060595332-s2.0-85006059533.pdfScopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengPLoS ONE1,164info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-10-22T06:06:31Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/169224Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462023-10-22T06:06:31Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions |
title |
Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions |
spellingShingle |
Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions Filho, Antonio C.A. Carmeis [UNESP] |
title_short |
Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions |
title_full |
Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions |
title_fullStr |
Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions |
title_sort |
Impact of amendments on the physical properties of soil under tropical long-term no till conditions |
author |
Filho, Antonio C.A. Carmeis [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Filho, Antonio C.A. Carmeis [UNESP] Crusciol, Carlos A.C. [UNESP] Guimarães, Tiara M. [UNESP] Calonego, Juliano C. [UNESP] Mooney, Sacha J. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Crusciol, Carlos A.C. [UNESP] Guimarães, Tiara M. [UNESP] Calonego, Juliano C. [UNESP] Mooney, Sacha J. |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) University of Nottingham |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Filho, Antonio C.A. Carmeis [UNESP] Crusciol, Carlos A.C. [UNESP] Guimarães, Tiara M. [UNESP] Calonego, Juliano C. [UNESP] Mooney, Sacha J. |
description |
Tropical regions have been considered the world's primary agricultural frontier; however, some physico-chemical deficiencies, such as low soil organic matter content, poor soil structure, high erodibility, soil acidity, and aluminum toxicity, have affected their productive capacity. Lime and gypsum are commonly used to improve soil chemical fertility, but no information exists about the long-term effects of these products on the physical attributes and C protection mechanisms of highly weathered Oxisols. A field trial was conducted in a sandy clay loam (kaolinitic, thermic Typic Haplorthox) under a no-tillage system for 12 years. The trial consisted of four treatments: a control with no soil amendment application, the application of 2.1 Mg ha-1 phosphogypsum, the application of 2.0 Mg ha-1 lime, and the application of lime + phosphogypsum (2.0 + 2.1 Mg ha-1, respectively). Since the experiment was established in 2002, the rates have been applied three times (2002, 2004, and 2010). Surface liming effectively increased water-stable aggregates > 2.0 mm at a depth of up to 0.2 m; however, the association with phosphogypsum was considered a good strategy to improve the macroaggregate stability in subsoil layers (0.20 to 0.40 m). Consequently, both soil amendments applied together increased the mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) in all soil layers, with increases of up to 118 and 89%, respectively, according to the soil layer. The formation and stabilization of larger aggregates contributed to a higher accumulation of total organic carbon (TOC) on these structures. In addition to TOC, the MWD and aggregate stability index were positively correlated with Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels and base saturation. Consequently, the increase observed in the aggregate size class resulted in a better organization of soil particles, increasing the macro-porosity and reducing the soil bulk density and penetration resistance. Therefore, adequate soil chemical management plays a fundamental role in improving the soil's physical attributes in tropical areas under conservative management and highly affected by compaction caused by intensive farming. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-12-01 2018-12-11T16:44:59Z 2018-12-11T16:44:59Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167564 PLoS ONE, v. 11, n. 12, 2016. 1932-6203 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/169224 10.1371/journal.pone.0167564 2-s2.0-85006059533 2-s2.0-85006059533.pdf |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167564 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/169224 |
identifier_str_mv |
PLoS ONE, v. 11, n. 12, 2016. 1932-6203 10.1371/journal.pone.0167564 2-s2.0-85006059533 2-s2.0-85006059533.pdf |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
PLoS ONE 1,164 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
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