Uso de coentro e sorgo granífero em cultivo de tomate orgânico visando ao aumento de insetos predadores e polinizadores

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Laís da Conceição dos [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139504
• topic: Controle biológico conservativo; Inimigos naturais; Push pull; Solanaceae; Entomologia; Conservative biological control; Natural enemies; Entomology

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the strategy "push-pull" using sorghum plants (Sorghum bicolor L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) on pests insect and predators and evaluate the abundance and species richness of Coleoptera, Hemiptera and bees in organic tomato. The experiment consisted of two treatments: a) polyculture; b) tomato monoculture. The polyculture was formed by tomato plants, Solanum lycopersicum L., coriander and sorghum. The evaluations were carried out fortnightly, from planting to end of crop cycle. In each plot the insects were sampled visually examining the whole plant, considering randomly 10 tomato plants, 10 plants of C. sativum and 10 plants of S. bicolor. The design was a randomized block with split plot in the time (Split-Plot) with 12 repetitions, the main treatments (plots) were represented by mono and tomato polyculture and secondary treatments (subplots) represented by the collection dates, having been evaluated eight dates in each crop cycle. The presence of sorghum and coriander did not significantly reduce the population density of Tuta absoluta (Meirick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Caliothrips phaseoli Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididade) in tomato in greenhouse. The tomato-coriander-sorghum polyculture favors the occurrence of insect predators, especially after flowering coriander. Coriander provides greater diversity of insect predators, especially Franklinothrips vespiformis (Crawford) (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae). Coriander has no repellent effect on phytophagous Coleoptera and Hemiptera in organic tomato cultivation. The plant diversification promotes increase in the abundance and species richness of beetles and hemipteran in organic tomato. The combination of coriander and tomato plants in greenhouse helps to attract pollinating insects.