Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103178 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/210366 |
Resumo: | The female Mygalomorphae spiders are sedentary and long-lived organisms that spend most of their lives inside their burrows. Neoichnological studies provide relevant information that can help the recognition of these structures in paleosols. Body fossils of spiders are known since the Carboniferous and burrowing is a primitive behavior in Mygalomorphae spiders. However, trace fossils attributable to ground-dwelling spiders are still poorly documented in the geological record. In this work, we examine the burrows and burrowing behavior of Rachias intermedius Soares, 1944 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Nemesiidae) in its natural environment and discuss the characteristics that can be used as ichnotaxobases for recognition of fossil spider burrows. Three major architectures, straight shaft with a terminal ovoid chamber, J-shaped winding shaft with the terminal chamber, and Y-shaped with a terminal teardrop-shaped chamber, are described and compared to morphologically similar ichnogenera, like Capayanichnus, Loloichnus, Macanopsis, and Psilonichnus. Differences in burrow shape and architecture are linked with the spider's sex and ontogenetic stage. Pedipalps, chelicerae, and fangs are used for soil excavation, forming a variety of burrow wall ornaments represented by delicate sub-horizontal parallel ridges, irregular knobby micro-relief surface with soil structures attached to the wall, rounded pits, and millimeter-scale vertical striations along the burrow length. A thick inorganic clay lining covers the inner burrow wall, a feature that has not been described for spider burrows yet. These characteristics allow distinguishing spider burrows from burrows produced by other soil-dwelling arthropods. They should be used for spider burrow recognition in paleosols, mainly the millimeter-scale vertical striations that had not been documented before. The data discussed herein improve the knowledge about spider burrowing behavior and the mechanism that play the main role in preserving these burrows' features in the fossil record. |
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Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological recordContinental ichnologyNemesiidaeBurrow architectureIchnogenyPaleosol taphonomyThe female Mygalomorphae spiders are sedentary and long-lived organisms that spend most of their lives inside their burrows. Neoichnological studies provide relevant information that can help the recognition of these structures in paleosols. Body fossils of spiders are known since the Carboniferous and burrowing is a primitive behavior in Mygalomorphae spiders. However, trace fossils attributable to ground-dwelling spiders are still poorly documented in the geological record. In this work, we examine the burrows and burrowing behavior of Rachias intermedius Soares, 1944 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Nemesiidae) in its natural environment and discuss the characteristics that can be used as ichnotaxobases for recognition of fossil spider burrows. Three major architectures, straight shaft with a terminal ovoid chamber, J-shaped winding shaft with the terminal chamber, and Y-shaped with a terminal teardrop-shaped chamber, are described and compared to morphologically similar ichnogenera, like Capayanichnus, Loloichnus, Macanopsis, and Psilonichnus. Differences in burrow shape and architecture are linked with the spider's sex and ontogenetic stage. Pedipalps, chelicerae, and fangs are used for soil excavation, forming a variety of burrow wall ornaments represented by delicate sub-horizontal parallel ridges, irregular knobby micro-relief surface with soil structures attached to the wall, rounded pits, and millimeter-scale vertical striations along the burrow length. A thick inorganic clay lining covers the inner burrow wall, a feature that has not been described for spider burrows yet. These characteristics allow distinguishing spider burrows from burrows produced by other soil-dwelling arthropods. They should be used for spider burrow recognition in paleosols, mainly the millimeter-scale vertical striations that had not been documented before. The data discussed herein improve the knowledge about spider burrowing behavior and the mechanism that play the main role in preserving these burrows' features in the fossil record.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Sao Paulo State Univ Julio de Mesquita Filho, Inst Geosci & Exact Sci, Ave 24-A,1515, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Inst Geosci, BR-13083855 Campinas, SP, BrazilUnisinos Univ, Geol Grad Program, Ave Unisinos 950, BR-93022750 Sao Leopoldo, RS, BrazilInst Butantan, Lab Colecoes Zool, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Rio Claro, SP, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ Julio de Mesquita Filho, Inst Geosci & Exact Sci, Ave 24-A,1515, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Rio Claro, SP, BrazilCNPq: 303863/2016-1CNPq: 141062/2007-0FAPESP: FAPESP 2015/17632-5: 2012/18287-1: 2017/11985-9Elsevier B.V.Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)Unisinos UnivInst ButantanNascimento, Diego Luciano [UNESP]Netto, Renata GuimaraesIndicatti, Rafael Prezzi [UNESP]2021-06-25T15:06:09Z2021-06-25T15:06:09Z2021-06-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article16http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103178Journal Of South American Earth Sciences. Oxford: Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, v. 108, 16 p., 2021.0895-9811http://hdl.handle.net/11449/21036610.1016/j.jsames.2021.103178WOS:000654448700001Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengJournal Of South American Earth Sciencesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-23T20:17:27Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/210366Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462021-10-23T20:17:27Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record |
title |
Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record |
spellingShingle |
Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record Nascimento, Diego Luciano [UNESP] Continental ichnology Nemesiidae Burrow architecture Ichnogeny Paleosol taphonomy |
title_short |
Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record |
title_full |
Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record |
title_fullStr |
Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record |
title_full_unstemmed |
Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record |
title_sort |
Neoichnology of mygalomorph spiders: Improving the recognition of spider burrows in the geological record |
author |
Nascimento, Diego Luciano [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Nascimento, Diego Luciano [UNESP] Netto, Renata Guimaraes Indicatti, Rafael Prezzi [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Netto, Renata Guimaraes Indicatti, Rafael Prezzi [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Unisinos Univ Inst Butantan |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Nascimento, Diego Luciano [UNESP] Netto, Renata Guimaraes Indicatti, Rafael Prezzi [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Continental ichnology Nemesiidae Burrow architecture Ichnogeny Paleosol taphonomy |
topic |
Continental ichnology Nemesiidae Burrow architecture Ichnogeny Paleosol taphonomy |
description |
The female Mygalomorphae spiders are sedentary and long-lived organisms that spend most of their lives inside their burrows. Neoichnological studies provide relevant information that can help the recognition of these structures in paleosols. Body fossils of spiders are known since the Carboniferous and burrowing is a primitive behavior in Mygalomorphae spiders. However, trace fossils attributable to ground-dwelling spiders are still poorly documented in the geological record. In this work, we examine the burrows and burrowing behavior of Rachias intermedius Soares, 1944 (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Nemesiidae) in its natural environment and discuss the characteristics that can be used as ichnotaxobases for recognition of fossil spider burrows. Three major architectures, straight shaft with a terminal ovoid chamber, J-shaped winding shaft with the terminal chamber, and Y-shaped with a terminal teardrop-shaped chamber, are described and compared to morphologically similar ichnogenera, like Capayanichnus, Loloichnus, Macanopsis, and Psilonichnus. Differences in burrow shape and architecture are linked with the spider's sex and ontogenetic stage. Pedipalps, chelicerae, and fangs are used for soil excavation, forming a variety of burrow wall ornaments represented by delicate sub-horizontal parallel ridges, irregular knobby micro-relief surface with soil structures attached to the wall, rounded pits, and millimeter-scale vertical striations along the burrow length. A thick inorganic clay lining covers the inner burrow wall, a feature that has not been described for spider burrows yet. These characteristics allow distinguishing spider burrows from burrows produced by other soil-dwelling arthropods. They should be used for spider burrow recognition in paleosols, mainly the millimeter-scale vertical striations that had not been documented before. The data discussed herein improve the knowledge about spider burrowing behavior and the mechanism that play the main role in preserving these burrows' features in the fossil record. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-06-25T15:06:09Z 2021-06-25T15:06:09Z 2021-06-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103178 Journal Of South American Earth Sciences. Oxford: Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, v. 108, 16 p., 2021. 0895-9811 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/210366 10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103178 WOS:000654448700001 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103178 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/210366 |
identifier_str_mv |
Journal Of South American Earth Sciences. Oxford: Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, v. 108, 16 p., 2021. 0895-9811 10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103178 WOS:000654448700001 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Journal Of South American Earth Sciences |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
16 |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier B.V. |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier B.V. |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799965498759184384 |