Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020357 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/249587 |
Resumo: | Using Kraft lignin, bio-based adhesives have been increasingly studied to replace those petrochemical-based solutions, due to low cost, easy availability and the potential for biodegradability of this biomaterial. In this study, lignin-based phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resins were synthesized using commercial Eucalypt Kraft Lignin (EKL), purified at 95%, as a phenol substitute in different proportions of 10%, 20%, 30% and 50%. The properties of bio-based phenol formaldehyde (BPF) synthesized resin were compared with phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) used for control sampling. The results indicated that viscosity, gel time and solid contents increased with the addition of pure EKL. The shear strength test of glue line was studied according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and BPF-based results were superior to samples bonded with the PF as a control sample, being suitable for structural purposes. Changes in the curing behavior of different resins were analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and sample comparison indicated that the curing of the LPF resin occurred at lower temperatures than the PF. The addition of EKL in PF reduced its thermal stability compared to traditional resin formulation, resulting in a lower decomposition temperature and a smaller amount of carbonaceous residues. |
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Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Compositesbio-based resinlignin-phenol-formaldehydestructural compositesUsing Kraft lignin, bio-based adhesives have been increasingly studied to replace those petrochemical-based solutions, due to low cost, easy availability and the potential for biodegradability of this biomaterial. In this study, lignin-based phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resins were synthesized using commercial Eucalypt Kraft Lignin (EKL), purified at 95%, as a phenol substitute in different proportions of 10%, 20%, 30% and 50%. The properties of bio-based phenol formaldehyde (BPF) synthesized resin were compared with phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) used for control sampling. The results indicated that viscosity, gel time and solid contents increased with the addition of pure EKL. The shear strength test of glue line was studied according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and BPF-based results were superior to samples bonded with the PF as a control sample, being suitable for structural purposes. Changes in the curing behavior of different resins were analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and sample comparison indicated that the curing of the LPF resin occurred at lower temperatures than the PF. The addition of EKL in PF reduced its thermal stability compared to traditional resin formulation, resulting in a lower decomposition temperature and a smaller amount of carbonaceous residues.Department of Mechanical Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP), 333 Doutor Ariberto Pereira da Cunha AvenueCivil Engineering Postgraduate Program Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 235 km Washington Luís HighwayScience and Engineering Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP), 519 Geraldo Alckmin StreetFederal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rondônia (IFRO), Campus of AriquemesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP), 333 Doutor Ariberto Pereira da Cunha AvenueScience and Engineering Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP), 519 Geraldo Alckmin StreetUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)Galdino, Danilo Soares [UNESP]Kondo, Marcel Yuzo [UNESP]De Araujo, Victor Almeida [UNESP]Ferrufino, Gretta Larisa Aurora Arce [UNESP]Faustino, EmersonSantos, Herisson Ferreira dosChristoforo, André LuisLuna, Carlos Manuel Romero [UNESP]Campos, Cristiane Inácio de [UNESP]2023-07-29T16:03:47Z2023-07-29T16:03:47Z2023-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020357Polymers, v. 15, n. 2, 2023.2073-4360http://hdl.handle.net/11449/24958710.3390/polym150203572-s2.0-85146732478Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengPolymersinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-07-29T16:03:47Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/249587Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462023-07-29T16:03:47Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites |
title |
Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites |
spellingShingle |
Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites Galdino, Danilo Soares [UNESP] bio-based resin lignin-phenol-formaldehyde structural composites |
title_short |
Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites |
title_full |
Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites |
title_fullStr |
Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites |
title_sort |
Thermal and Gluing Properties of Phenol-Based Resin with Lignin for Potential Application in Structural Composites |
author |
Galdino, Danilo Soares [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Galdino, Danilo Soares [UNESP] Kondo, Marcel Yuzo [UNESP] De Araujo, Victor Almeida [UNESP] Ferrufino, Gretta Larisa Aurora Arce [UNESP] Faustino, Emerson Santos, Herisson Ferreira dos Christoforo, André Luis Luna, Carlos Manuel Romero [UNESP] Campos, Cristiane Inácio de [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Kondo, Marcel Yuzo [UNESP] De Araujo, Victor Almeida [UNESP] Ferrufino, Gretta Larisa Aurora Arce [UNESP] Faustino, Emerson Santos, Herisson Ferreira dos Christoforo, André Luis Luna, Carlos Manuel Romero [UNESP] Campos, Cristiane Inácio de [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Galdino, Danilo Soares [UNESP] Kondo, Marcel Yuzo [UNESP] De Araujo, Victor Almeida [UNESP] Ferrufino, Gretta Larisa Aurora Arce [UNESP] Faustino, Emerson Santos, Herisson Ferreira dos Christoforo, André Luis Luna, Carlos Manuel Romero [UNESP] Campos, Cristiane Inácio de [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
bio-based resin lignin-phenol-formaldehyde structural composites |
topic |
bio-based resin lignin-phenol-formaldehyde structural composites |
description |
Using Kraft lignin, bio-based adhesives have been increasingly studied to replace those petrochemical-based solutions, due to low cost, easy availability and the potential for biodegradability of this biomaterial. In this study, lignin-based phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resins were synthesized using commercial Eucalypt Kraft Lignin (EKL), purified at 95%, as a phenol substitute in different proportions of 10%, 20%, 30% and 50%. The properties of bio-based phenol formaldehyde (BPF) synthesized resin were compared with phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) used for control sampling. The results indicated that viscosity, gel time and solid contents increased with the addition of pure EKL. The shear strength test of glue line was studied according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and BPF-based results were superior to samples bonded with the PF as a control sample, being suitable for structural purposes. Changes in the curing behavior of different resins were analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and sample comparison indicated that the curing of the LPF resin occurred at lower temperatures than the PF. The addition of EKL in PF reduced its thermal stability compared to traditional resin formulation, resulting in a lower decomposition temperature and a smaller amount of carbonaceous residues. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-29T16:03:47Z 2023-07-29T16:03:47Z 2023-01-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020357 Polymers, v. 15, n. 2, 2023. 2073-4360 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/249587 10.3390/polym15020357 2-s2.0-85146732478 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020357 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/249587 |
identifier_str_mv |
Polymers, v. 15, n. 2, 2023. 2073-4360 10.3390/polym15020357 2-s2.0-85146732478 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Polymers |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1799964672704643072 |