Análise agronômica e genética de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar nas regiões Litoral Sul e Mata Norte de Pernambuco

• Autor(a) principal: MELO, Luiz José Oliveira Tavares de
• Data de Publicação: 2005
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6470
• topic: Saccharum spp.; Cana-de-açúcar; Parâmetro genético; Seleção; Variedade; Desempenho agrícola; Sugarcane; Genetic parameter; Selection; Varieties; Agricultural performance; FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL

The objective of this work was to evaluate, the potential of agricultural and industrial production of a group of genotypes constituted with commercial varieties and sugarcane clones, as well as the magnitude of some genetic parameters, in two different sugar cane micror-areas of the State, South Coast and North Forest from Pernambuco. In the country a number exists relatively big of varieties obtained in improvement programs local and introduced of other areas, that are appraised continually in the experimentation, with the objective of determining the behavior andthe viability of use in commercial plantings. It is used, of this it sorts things out, to indicate the more adapted to each producing micror-areas, making possible rationalization at the same time through the use of superior varieties in productivity, being still taken into their account good yield. This way, tries to outline the problem of the production fall given to the degenerateness related to aspects fito-sanitary or for natural decline of production. The experimental works with the farming of the sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) were developed during the agricultural harvests of 1999/2000, 2000/2001, 2001/2002 and 2002/2003, being a constituted experiment of obtained varieties of the three main centers of research of sugar-cane of the country: Net university Inter of the Development of the Section of sugar and alcohol - RIDESA; Cooperative of the Producing of Sugar and Alcohol of the State of São Paulo - COPERSUCAR and of the Agronomic Institute of Campinas - IAC, in Trapiche sugar mill industrial unit, located in the Sugar cane Area of the South Coast of Pernambuco, in the Municipal district of Serinhaém (8035'S and 35007'W) another and constituted of clones RB of the series 94 in the Olho D´Água sugar mill, located in the Sugar cane Area of the North Forest of Pernambuco, in the Municipal district ofCamutanga (07º24'S and 35º28'W). The design experimental in complete randomized blocks with four blocks and sixteen genotypes. The experimental unit was represented by five furrows of 8,0 m of length with twelve yolks for meter, with spacing of 1,0 m among the lines, containing a useful area of 40 m2. They were appraised the variables tons of cane for hectare (TCH), percentile of apparent sucrose (PC), fiber tenor (TF),% brix (PB), purity (PZA), tons of pol/hectare (TPH). The experiments were picked with an average of 15 months of age for cane-plant, while the ones of it would beat were with 12 months for the three cuts successive. The genotypes SP 78-4764, SP 86-0621 and SP 86-127 of the experiment of the South Forest and RB 813804 and RB 942991 of the experiment of the North Forest, demonstrated of be potentially productive of the agricultural point of view and wealth in sugar, being suggested the inclusion of those genotypes in new studies of competition of in other areas of cultivation of the sugarcane in the Area of the Forest of Pernambuco. The varieties RB 813804 of the experiment of the North Forest andSP 78-4764 of the experiment of the South Forest exhibited the best acting sugar yield, confirming the answer differentiated as patterns varietais. That the effect of cut of the cane two studied micror-areas was highly significant indicating the specific behavior among the genotypes during the cuts of the cane. It is observed also the weight ton of cane for hectare is the component more influenced by the cycles ofcrop of the sugarcane. Variable TCH and TPH in the South Coast and variable TCH, TPH and FI in the North Forest, were them character that you/they presented the largest estimates of genetic variance and heredity, reflected most of the variation observed phenotype caused by genetic factors, indicating success in the selection phenotypic in the improvement of these characters.