Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2015 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Scientia Agrícola (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/106673 |
Resumo: | The amount of energy required to produce a commodity or to supply a service varies from one production system to another and consequently giving rise to differing levels of environmental efficiency. Moreover, since energy prices have been continuously increasing over time, this energy amount may be a factor that has economic worth. Biomass production has a variety of end-products such as food, energy, and fiber; thus, taking into account the similarity in end-product of different crops (e.g.: sunflower, peanuts, or soybean for oil) it is possible to evaluate which crops require less energy per functional unit, such as starch, oil, and protein. This information can be used in decision-making about policies for food safety or bioenergy. In this study, 23 crops were evaluated allowing for a comparison in terms of energy embodied per functional unit. Crops were grouped as follows: starch, oil, horticultural, perennial and fiber, to provide for a deeper analysis of alternatives for the groups, and subsidize further studies comparing conventional and alternative production systems such as organic or genetically modified organisms, in terms of energy. The best energy balance observed was whole sugarcane (juice, bagasse and straw) with a surplus of 268 GJ ha−1 yr−1; palm shows the highest energy return on investment with a ratio of approximately 30:1. For carbohydrates and protein production, cassava and soybean, respectively, emerged as the crops offering the greatest energy savings in the production of these functional foods. |
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Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops The amount of energy required to produce a commodity or to supply a service varies from one production system to another and consequently giving rise to differing levels of environmental efficiency. Moreover, since energy prices have been continuously increasing over time, this energy amount may be a factor that has economic worth. Biomass production has a variety of end-products such as food, energy, and fiber; thus, taking into account the similarity in end-product of different crops (e.g.: sunflower, peanuts, or soybean for oil) it is possible to evaluate which crops require less energy per functional unit, such as starch, oil, and protein. This information can be used in decision-making about policies for food safety or bioenergy. In this study, 23 crops were evaluated allowing for a comparison in terms of energy embodied per functional unit. Crops were grouped as follows: starch, oil, horticultural, perennial and fiber, to provide for a deeper analysis of alternatives for the groups, and subsidize further studies comparing conventional and alternative production systems such as organic or genetically modified organisms, in terms of energy. The best energy balance observed was whole sugarcane (juice, bagasse and straw) with a surplus of 268 GJ ha−1 yr−1; palm shows the highest energy return on investment with a ratio of approximately 30:1. For carbohydrates and protein production, cassava and soybean, respectively, emerged as the crops offering the greatest energy savings in the production of these functional foods. Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz2015-12-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/10667310.1590/0103-9016-2015-0188Scientia Agricola; v. 72 n. 6 (2015); 471-477Scientia Agricola; Vol. 72 Núm. 6 (2015); 471-477Scientia Agricola; Vol. 72 No. 6 (2015); 471-4771678-992X0103-9016reponame:Scientia Agrícola (Online)instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/106673/105288Copyright (c) 2015 Scientia Agricolainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessVeiga, João Paulo SotoRomanelli, Thiago LibórioGimenez, Leandro MariaBusato, PatriziaMilan, Marcos2015-10-27T16:19:02Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/106673Revistahttp://revistas.usp.br/sa/indexPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phpscientia@usp.br||alleoni@usp.br1678-992X0103-9016opendoar:2015-10-27T16:19:02Scientia Agrícola (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops |
title |
Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops |
spellingShingle |
Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops Veiga, João Paulo Soto |
title_short |
Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops |
title_full |
Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops |
title_fullStr |
Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops |
title_full_unstemmed |
Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops |
title_sort |
Energy embodiment in Brazilian agriculture: an overview of 23 crops |
author |
Veiga, João Paulo Soto |
author_facet |
Veiga, João Paulo Soto Romanelli, Thiago Libório Gimenez, Leandro Maria Busato, Patrizia Milan, Marcos |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Romanelli, Thiago Libório Gimenez, Leandro Maria Busato, Patrizia Milan, Marcos |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Veiga, João Paulo Soto Romanelli, Thiago Libório Gimenez, Leandro Maria Busato, Patrizia Milan, Marcos |
description |
The amount of energy required to produce a commodity or to supply a service varies from one production system to another and consequently giving rise to differing levels of environmental efficiency. Moreover, since energy prices have been continuously increasing over time, this energy amount may be a factor that has economic worth. Biomass production has a variety of end-products such as food, energy, and fiber; thus, taking into account the similarity in end-product of different crops (e.g.: sunflower, peanuts, or soybean for oil) it is possible to evaluate which crops require less energy per functional unit, such as starch, oil, and protein. This information can be used in decision-making about policies for food safety or bioenergy. In this study, 23 crops were evaluated allowing for a comparison in terms of energy embodied per functional unit. Crops were grouped as follows: starch, oil, horticultural, perennial and fiber, to provide for a deeper analysis of alternatives for the groups, and subsidize further studies comparing conventional and alternative production systems such as organic or genetically modified organisms, in terms of energy. The best energy balance observed was whole sugarcane (juice, bagasse and straw) with a surplus of 268 GJ ha−1 yr−1; palm shows the highest energy return on investment with a ratio of approximately 30:1. For carbohydrates and protein production, cassava and soybean, respectively, emerged as the crops offering the greatest energy savings in the production of these functional foods. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2015-12-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/106673 10.1590/0103-9016-2015-0188 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/106673 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.1590/0103-9016-2015-0188 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/106673/105288 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2015 Scientia Agricola info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2015 Scientia Agricola |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scientia Agricola; v. 72 n. 6 (2015); 471-477 Scientia Agricola; Vol. 72 Núm. 6 (2015); 471-477 Scientia Agricola; Vol. 72 No. 6 (2015); 471-477 1678-992X 0103-9016 reponame:Scientia Agrícola (Online) instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Scientia Agrícola (Online) |
collection |
Scientia Agrícola (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Scientia Agrícola (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
scientia@usp.br||alleoni@usp.br |
_version_ |
1800222792500641792 |