Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Jamal, Muhammad Ameen
Data de Publicação: 2019
Outros Autores: Ahmed, Arslan Mahmood, Tahir, Muhammad, Ashraf, Muhammad, Sattar, Abdul, Ghafoor, Aamir, Munir, Shahzad, Ahmed, Irfan, Hussain, Mubashir, Riaz, Amjad
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Texto Completo: https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjps/article/view/164800
Resumo: Anesthetics are an indispensable prerequisite for surgical intervention and pharmacological animal studies. The objective of present study was to optimize the dose of ketamine (K) and xylazine (X) along with atropine sulfate (A) in order to achieve surgical tolerance in BALB/c mice. Several doses of ketamine (100, 150, 200 mg/kg) and xylazine (10, 15, 20 mg/kg) were mixed and combination of nine doses (K/X: 100/10, 100/15, 100/20, 150/10, 150/15, 150/20, 200/10,200/15,200/20) were evaluated (n=9 per combination). A constant dose of atropine (0.05 mg/kg) was also used to counter side effect. Timerelated parameters were evaluated on the basis of reflexes. KX at dose 200/20 mg/kg produced surgical tolerance in all nine mice with duration 55.00±6.87 minutes. The induction time 0.97±0.09 minutes, sleeping time 90.67±5.81 minutes and immobilization time (102.23±6.83 minutes) were significantly higher than all combination. However, this combination was considered unsafe due to 11 % mortality. While, KX at dose 200/15 mg/kg results in none of the mortality, so was considered as safe. Moreover, this combination produces surgical tolerance in 89 % mice with duration (30.00±7.45 minutes). It was concluded that KX at dose 200/15 mg/kg along with atropine 0.05 mg/kg is safe for performing surgical interventions in BALB/c mice.
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spelling Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c miceKetamine hydrochlorideXylazine hydrochlorideAtropine sulfateSurgical toleranceBALB/c miceAnesthetics are an indispensable prerequisite for surgical intervention and pharmacological animal studies. The objective of present study was to optimize the dose of ketamine (K) and xylazine (X) along with atropine sulfate (A) in order to achieve surgical tolerance in BALB/c mice. Several doses of ketamine (100, 150, 200 mg/kg) and xylazine (10, 15, 20 mg/kg) were mixed and combination of nine doses (K/X: 100/10, 100/15, 100/20, 150/10, 150/15, 150/20, 200/10,200/15,200/20) were evaluated (n=9 per combination). A constant dose of atropine (0.05 mg/kg) was also used to counter side effect. Timerelated parameters were evaluated on the basis of reflexes. KX at dose 200/20 mg/kg produced surgical tolerance in all nine mice with duration 55.00±6.87 minutes. The induction time 0.97±0.09 minutes, sleeping time 90.67±5.81 minutes and immobilization time (102.23±6.83 minutes) were significantly higher than all combination. However, this combination was considered unsafe due to 11 % mortality. While, KX at dose 200/15 mg/kg results in none of the mortality, so was considered as safe. Moreover, this combination produces surgical tolerance in 89 % mice with duration (30.00±7.45 minutes). It was concluded that KX at dose 200/15 mg/kg along with atropine 0.05 mg/kg is safe for performing surgical interventions in BALB/c mice.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas2019-12-05info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/bjps/article/view/16480010.1590/s2175-97902019000317231Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vol. 55 (2019); e17231Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences; v. 55 (2019); e17231Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vol. 55 (2019); e172312175-97901984-8250reponame:Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciencesinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/bjps/article/view/164800/157982Copyright (c) 2019 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Scienceshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessJamal, Muhammad AmeenAhmed, Arslan MahmoodTahir, MuhammadAshraf, MuhammadSattar, AbdulGhafoor, AamirMunir, ShahzadAhmed, IrfanHussain, MubashirRiaz, Amjad2021-01-11T18:46:31Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/164800Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/bjps/indexPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phpbjps@usp.br||elizabeth.igne@gmail.com2175-97901984-8250opendoar:2021-01-11T18:46:31Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice
title Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice
spellingShingle Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice
Jamal, Muhammad Ameen
Ketamine hydrochloride
Xylazine hydrochloride
Atropine sulfate
Surgical tolerance
BALB/c mice
title_short Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice
title_full Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice
title_fullStr Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice
title_full_unstemmed Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice
title_sort Safety and efficacy of ketamine xylazine along with atropine anesthesia in BALB/c mice
author Jamal, Muhammad Ameen
author_facet Jamal, Muhammad Ameen
Ahmed, Arslan Mahmood
Tahir, Muhammad
Ashraf, Muhammad
Sattar, Abdul
Ghafoor, Aamir
Munir, Shahzad
Ahmed, Irfan
Hussain, Mubashir
Riaz, Amjad
author_role author
author2 Ahmed, Arslan Mahmood
Tahir, Muhammad
Ashraf, Muhammad
Sattar, Abdul
Ghafoor, Aamir
Munir, Shahzad
Ahmed, Irfan
Hussain, Mubashir
Riaz, Amjad
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Jamal, Muhammad Ameen
Ahmed, Arslan Mahmood
Tahir, Muhammad
Ashraf, Muhammad
Sattar, Abdul
Ghafoor, Aamir
Munir, Shahzad
Ahmed, Irfan
Hussain, Mubashir
Riaz, Amjad
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Ketamine hydrochloride
Xylazine hydrochloride
Atropine sulfate
Surgical tolerance
BALB/c mice
topic Ketamine hydrochloride
Xylazine hydrochloride
Atropine sulfate
Surgical tolerance
BALB/c mice
description Anesthetics are an indispensable prerequisite for surgical intervention and pharmacological animal studies. The objective of present study was to optimize the dose of ketamine (K) and xylazine (X) along with atropine sulfate (A) in order to achieve surgical tolerance in BALB/c mice. Several doses of ketamine (100, 150, 200 mg/kg) and xylazine (10, 15, 20 mg/kg) were mixed and combination of nine doses (K/X: 100/10, 100/15, 100/20, 150/10, 150/15, 150/20, 200/10,200/15,200/20) were evaluated (n=9 per combination). A constant dose of atropine (0.05 mg/kg) was also used to counter side effect. Timerelated parameters were evaluated on the basis of reflexes. KX at dose 200/20 mg/kg produced surgical tolerance in all nine mice with duration 55.00±6.87 minutes. The induction time 0.97±0.09 minutes, sleeping time 90.67±5.81 minutes and immobilization time (102.23±6.83 minutes) were significantly higher than all combination. However, this combination was considered unsafe due to 11 % mortality. While, KX at dose 200/15 mg/kg results in none of the mortality, so was considered as safe. Moreover, this combination produces surgical tolerance in 89 % mice with duration (30.00±7.45 minutes). It was concluded that KX at dose 200/15 mg/kg along with atropine 0.05 mg/kg is safe for performing surgical interventions in BALB/c mice.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019-12-05
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjps/article/view/164800
10.1590/s2175-97902019000317231
url https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjps/article/view/164800
identifier_str_mv 10.1590/s2175-97902019000317231
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjps/article/view/164800/157982
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2019 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Copyright (c) 2019 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vol. 55 (2019); e17231
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences; v. 55 (2019); e17231
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Vol. 55 (2019); e17231
2175-9790
1984-8250
reponame:Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
instname_str Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron_str USP
institution USP
reponame_str Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
collection Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
repository.name.fl_str_mv Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bjps@usp.br||elizabeth.igne@gmail.com
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