Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2003 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Revista do Hospital das Clínicas |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0041-87812003000300008 |
Resumo: | Evidence suggests that human semen quality may have been deteriorating in recent years. Most of the evidence is retrospective, based on analysis of data sets collected for other purposes. Measures of male infertility are needed if we want to monitor the biological capacity for males to reproduce over time or between different populations. We also need these measures in analytical epidemiology if we want to identify risk indicators, risk factors, or even causes of an impaired male fecundity-that is, the male component in the biological ability to reproduce. The most direct evaluation of fecundity is to measure the time it takes to conceive. Since the time of conception may be missed in the case of an early abortion, time to get pregnant is often measured as the time it takes to obtain a conception that survives until a clinically recognized pregnancy or even a pregnancy that ends with a live born child occurs. A prolonged time required to produce pregnancy may therefore be due to a failure to conceive or a failure to maintain a pregnancy until clinical recognition. Studies that focus on quantitative changes in fecundity (that does not cause sterility) should in principle be possible in a pregnancy sample. The most important limitation in fertility studies is that the design requires equal persistency in trying to become pregnant and rather similar fertility desires and family planning methods in the groups to be compared. This design is probably achievable in exposure studies that make comparisons with reasonable comparable groups concerning social conditions and use of contraceptive methods. |
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Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspectsInfertilityEpidemiologySemenSperm countTesticleEvidence suggests that human semen quality may have been deteriorating in recent years. Most of the evidence is retrospective, based on analysis of data sets collected for other purposes. Measures of male infertility are needed if we want to monitor the biological capacity for males to reproduce over time or between different populations. We also need these measures in analytical epidemiology if we want to identify risk indicators, risk factors, or even causes of an impaired male fecundity-that is, the male component in the biological ability to reproduce. The most direct evaluation of fecundity is to measure the time it takes to conceive. Since the time of conception may be missed in the case of an early abortion, time to get pregnant is often measured as the time it takes to obtain a conception that survives until a clinically recognized pregnancy or even a pregnancy that ends with a live born child occurs. A prolonged time required to produce pregnancy may therefore be due to a failure to conceive or a failure to maintain a pregnancy until clinical recognition. Studies that focus on quantitative changes in fecundity (that does not cause sterility) should in principle be possible in a pregnancy sample. The most important limitation in fertility studies is that the design requires equal persistency in trying to become pregnant and rather similar fertility desires and family planning methods in the groups to be compared. This design is probably achievable in exposure studies that make comparisons with reasonable comparable groups concerning social conditions and use of contraceptive methods.Faculdade de Medicina / Universidade de São Paulo - FM/USP2003-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0041-87812003000300008Revista do Hospital das Clínicas v.58 n.3 2003reponame:Revista do Hospital das Clínicasinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USP10.1590/S0041-87812003000300008info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPasqualotto,Fábio FirmbachLocambo,Cristhiany VictorAthayde,Kelly SilveiraArap,Samieng2003-07-22T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S0041-87812003000300008Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/rhcPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||revista.hc@hcnet.usp.br1678-99030041-8781opendoar:2003-07-22T00:00Revista do Hospital das Clínicas - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects |
title |
Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects |
spellingShingle |
Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects Pasqualotto,Fábio Firmbach Infertility Epidemiology Semen Sperm count Testicle |
title_short |
Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects |
title_full |
Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects |
title_fullStr |
Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects |
title_full_unstemmed |
Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects |
title_sort |
Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects |
author |
Pasqualotto,Fábio Firmbach |
author_facet |
Pasqualotto,Fábio Firmbach Locambo,Cristhiany Victor Athayde,Kelly Silveira Arap,Sami |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Locambo,Cristhiany Victor Athayde,Kelly Silveira Arap,Sami |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pasqualotto,Fábio Firmbach Locambo,Cristhiany Victor Athayde,Kelly Silveira Arap,Sami |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Infertility Epidemiology Semen Sperm count Testicle |
topic |
Infertility Epidemiology Semen Sperm count Testicle |
description |
Evidence suggests that human semen quality may have been deteriorating in recent years. Most of the evidence is retrospective, based on analysis of data sets collected for other purposes. Measures of male infertility are needed if we want to monitor the biological capacity for males to reproduce over time or between different populations. We also need these measures in analytical epidemiology if we want to identify risk indicators, risk factors, or even causes of an impaired male fecundity-that is, the male component in the biological ability to reproduce. The most direct evaluation of fecundity is to measure the time it takes to conceive. Since the time of conception may be missed in the case of an early abortion, time to get pregnant is often measured as the time it takes to obtain a conception that survives until a clinically recognized pregnancy or even a pregnancy that ends with a live born child occurs. A prolonged time required to produce pregnancy may therefore be due to a failure to conceive or a failure to maintain a pregnancy until clinical recognition. Studies that focus on quantitative changes in fecundity (that does not cause sterility) should in principle be possible in a pregnancy sample. The most important limitation in fertility studies is that the design requires equal persistency in trying to become pregnant and rather similar fertility desires and family planning methods in the groups to be compared. This design is probably achievable in exposure studies that make comparisons with reasonable comparable groups concerning social conditions and use of contraceptive methods. |
publishDate |
2003 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2003-01-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0041-87812003000300008 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0041-87812003000300008 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/S0041-87812003000300008 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Faculdade de Medicina / Universidade de São Paulo - FM/USP |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Faculdade de Medicina / Universidade de São Paulo - FM/USP |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista do Hospital das Clínicas v.58 n.3 2003 reponame:Revista do Hospital das Clínicas instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Revista do Hospital das Clínicas |
collection |
Revista do Hospital das Clínicas |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Revista do Hospital das Clínicas - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||revista.hc@hcnet.usp.br |
_version_ |
1754820894549606400 |