Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS |
Texto Completo: | http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8726 |
Resumo: | Facilitation is an important process in structuring communities. A facilitator acts on less competitive species, allowing them to establish in highly competitive environments, especially under disturbances. However, the effects of facilitation are known to be more detectable in environments with harsh conditions, such as sites with disturbance regimes. Disturbances are characterized as events that remove biomass and alter the structure of the environment. The main disturbances that modulate the grasslands ecosystems are fire and grazing. In this work, I used a block experiment to analyze the effect of Eryngium horridum, a plant known as a facilitator for other plants, on the arthropod community in different intensities and types of disturbances. In the first chapter of this dissertation, I present a general introduction to the ecological theory of facilitation and its importance for the grasslands with influence of disturbances. In the second chapter, I present the results of the experimental study on the occurrence of facilitation in the arthropod community and spider assemblage in the grasslands under the influence of fire and grazing. The study was conducted based on an experiment with controlled burning and grazing at the S?o Louren?o farm, in the city of Santiago, RS. The experiment was conducted in five blocks, each with three plots. Each plot received a type of management (fire, grazing, or fire + grazing) and pairs with two microhabitats (with or without E. horridum) were defined in each management. In each of the microhabitats, I measured the dimensions of vegetation descriptors and soil temperature. In addition, pitffall traps were installed in each plot to capture soil arthropods. Arthropods were identified at class and order level (family in the case of spiders). The spiders were classified according to the foraging strategy. As the main results of chapter 2, I detected a negative effect of E. horridum on soil temperature in all managements, as well as on the richness and abundance of shrubs under grazing + fire. I also observed that E. horridum promoted a positive effect on the height vegetation in all the managements and on the availability of resources and richness of herbaceous under grazing. Already in the arthropod samples, I collected a total of 18,054 individuals, however, only the arthropods that compose the soil macrofauna were used for the analysis, totaling 8,191 individuals. As main results, I observed that management and microhabitat independently influenced the general composition of the community. It was also possible to detect that E. horridum promoted a facilitating effect on the richness of taxa and families of spiders only in the combination of fire and grazing disturbances, which agrees with the main hypothesis of the work, which predicted that E. horridum would have a more important role as facilitator in the environment with greater intensity of disturbance. The results show, for the first time, that facilitation plays an important role in arthropod and plant communities under disturbance regimes, with intensity and type of disturbance dependent responses. |
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Ferreira, Pedro Maria de Abreuhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6886522530872727Podgaiski, Luciana Reginahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8847267826439042http://lattes.cnpq.br/2783257210257551Ramos, K?ssia2019-06-17T14:26:02Z2019-03-29http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8726Facilitation is an important process in structuring communities. A facilitator acts on less competitive species, allowing them to establish in highly competitive environments, especially under disturbances. However, the effects of facilitation are known to be more detectable in environments with harsh conditions, such as sites with disturbance regimes. Disturbances are characterized as events that remove biomass and alter the structure of the environment. The main disturbances that modulate the grasslands ecosystems are fire and grazing. In this work, I used a block experiment to analyze the effect of Eryngium horridum, a plant known as a facilitator for other plants, on the arthropod community in different intensities and types of disturbances. In the first chapter of this dissertation, I present a general introduction to the ecological theory of facilitation and its importance for the grasslands with influence of disturbances. In the second chapter, I present the results of the experimental study on the occurrence of facilitation in the arthropod community and spider assemblage in the grasslands under the influence of fire and grazing. The study was conducted based on an experiment with controlled burning and grazing at the S?o Louren?o farm, in the city of Santiago, RS. The experiment was conducted in five blocks, each with three plots. Each plot received a type of management (fire, grazing, or fire + grazing) and pairs with two microhabitats (with or without E. horridum) were defined in each management. In each of the microhabitats, I measured the dimensions of vegetation descriptors and soil temperature. In addition, pitffall traps were installed in each plot to capture soil arthropods. Arthropods were identified at class and order level (family in the case of spiders). The spiders were classified according to the foraging strategy. As the main results of chapter 2, I detected a negative effect of E. horridum on soil temperature in all managements, as well as on the richness and abundance of shrubs under grazing + fire. I also observed that E. horridum promoted a positive effect on the height vegetation in all the managements and on the availability of resources and richness of herbaceous under grazing. Already in the arthropod samples, I collected a total of 18,054 individuals, however, only the arthropods that compose the soil macrofauna were used for the analysis, totaling 8,191 individuals. As main results, I observed that management and microhabitat independently influenced the general composition of the community. It was also possible to detect that E. horridum promoted a facilitating effect on the richness of taxa and families of spiders only in the combination of fire and grazing disturbances, which agrees with the main hypothesis of the work, which predicted that E. horridum would have a more important role as facilitator in the environment with greater intensity of disturbance. The results show, for the first time, that facilitation plays an important role in arthropod and plant communities under disturbance regimes, with intensity and type of disturbance dependent responses.A facilita??o ? um processo importante na estrutura??o das comunidades. Um facilitador age sobre esp?cies menos competitivas, permitindo que estas se estabele?am em ambientes muito competitivos, especialmente sob dist?rbios. Todavia, sabe-se que os efeitos da facilita??o s?o mais detect?veis em ambientes com condi??es ambientais adversas, tais como locais com regimes de dist?rbios. Dist?rbios s?o caracterizados como eventos que removem biomassa e alteram a estrutura do ambiente. Os principais dist?rbios que modulam os ecossistemas campestres s?o o fogo e pastejo. Neste trabalho, utilizei um experimento em blocos para analisar a a??o do Eryngium horridum, planta conhecida como facilitadora para outras esp?cies de plantas, sobre a comunidade de artr?podes em diferentes intensidades e tipos de dist?rbios. No primeiro cap?tulo desta disserta??o, eu apresento uma introdu??o geral a teoria ecol?gica da facilita??o e sua import?ncia para os ecossistemas campestres com influ?ncia de dist?rbios. No segundo cap?tulo, apresento os resultados do estudo experimental sobre a ocorr?ncia de facilita??o na comunidade de artr?podes e assembleia de aranhas no ecossistema campestre sob influ?ncia de fogo e pastejo. O estudo foi conduzido com base em um experimento com queima controlada e pastejo na fazenda S?o Louren?o, no munic?pio de Santiago, RS. O experimento foi conduzido em cinco blocos, cada um com tr?s parcelas. Cada parcela recebeu um tipo de manejo (fogo, pastejo, ou fogo + pastejo) e em cada manejo foram definidos pares com dois micro-habitats (com ou sem E. horridum). Em cada um dos micro-habitats, mensurei as dimens?es dos descritores da vegeta??o e temperatura do solo. Al?m disso, em cada uma das parcelas foram instaladas armadilhas pitffall para a captura dos artr?podes de solo. Os artr?podes foram identificados a n?vel de classe e ordem (fam?lia no caso de aranhas). As aranhas foram classificadas de acordo com a estrat?gia de preda??o. Como principais resultados do cap?tulo 2, detectei efeito negativo de E. horridum sobre a temperatura do solo em todos os manejos, bem como sobre a riqueza e abund?ncia de arbustos sob pastejo + fogo. Tamb?m consegui observar que E. horridum promoveu um efeito positivo sobre a altura vegeta??o em todos os manejos e sobre a disponibilidade de recursos e riqueza de herb?ceas sob pastejo. J? nas amostras de artr?podes, coletei um total de 18.054 indiv?duos, entretanto para as an?lises foram utilizados somente os artr?podes que comp?em a macrofauna de solo, totalizando 8.191 indiv?duos. Como principais resultados, observei que o manejo e o microhabitat influenciaram de forma independente a composi??o geral da comunidade. Tamb?m foi poss?vel detectar que E. horridum promoveu um efeito facilitador sobre a riqueza de t?xons e fam?lias de aranhas apenas na combina??o dos dist?rbios fogo e pastejo, o que vai de encontro com a principal hip?tese do trabalho, a qual previa que E. horridum teria um papel mais importante como facilitador no ambiente com maior intensidade de dist?rbio. Os resultados encontrados mostram, pela primeira vez, que a facilita??o tem um importante papel em comunidades de artr?podes e plantas sob regimes de dist?rbio, com respostas dependentes da intensidade e do tipo de dist?rbio.Submitted by PPG Ecologia e Evolu??o da Biodiversidade (eebpg.ciencias@pucrs.br) on 2019-06-04T18:31:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_RamosK_vers?o_homologa??o.pdf: 886551 bytes, checksum: c81021f5d05975b8228fbb18b8a0fafe (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2019-06-17T14:19:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_RamosK_vers?o_homologa??o.pdf: 886551 bytes, checksum: c81021f5d05975b8228fbb18b8a0fafe (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-17T14:26:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_RamosK_vers?o_homologa??o.pdf: 886551 bytes, checksum: c81021f5d05975b8228fbb18b8a0fafe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-03-29Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPqapplication/pdfhttp://tede2.pucrs.br:80/tede2/retrieve/175601/DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpghttp://tede2.pucrs.br:80/tede2/retrieve/178970/DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgporPontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do SulPrograma de P?s Gradua??o em Ecologia e Evolu??o da BiodiversidadePUCRSBrasilEscola de Ci?nciasFacilita??oIntera??o Animal-plantaManejoFacilitationAnimal-plant InteractionManagementCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIAEryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisTrabalho ser? publicado como artigo ou livro12 meses17/06/2020-64826523806012675585006001802873727776104890info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RSinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)instacron:PUC_RSORIGINALDIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdfDIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdfapplication/pdf886551http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/8726/5/DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdfc81021f5d05975b8228fbb18b8a0fafeMD55THUMBNAILDIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpgDIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg4084http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/8726/4/DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpg3e4785fb3255d55a6af336f2190e3a5dMD54DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgDIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg6048http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/8726/7/DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdf.jpg61b959a45adab6f1a41b28b6a300aedbMD57TEXTDIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txtDIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txttext/plain2323http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/8726/3/DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txtdbf0d36423f625abbfe64337c14eadfcMD53DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdf.txtDIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdf.txttext/plain73050http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/8726/6/DIS_KASSIA_RAMOS_COMPLETO.pdf.txt2a18119fa96b3dc0971d13dda1eb983dMD56LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-8590http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/8726/1/license.txt220e11f2d3ba5354f917c7035aadef24MD51tede/87262020-10-09 12:00:15.261oai:tede2.pucrs.br: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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/PRIhttps://tede2.pucrs.br/oai/requestbiblioteca.central@pucrs.br||opendoar:2020-10-09T15:00:15Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo |
title |
Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo |
spellingShingle |
Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo Ramos, K?ssia Facilita??o Intera??o Animal-planta Manejo Facilitation Animal-plant Interaction Management CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
title_short |
Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo |
title_full |
Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo |
title_fullStr |
Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo |
title_full_unstemmed |
Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo |
title_sort |
Eryngium horridum como facilitador da comunidade de plantas e artr?podes em campos sob diferentes regimes de dist?rbio com fogo e pastejo |
author |
Ramos, K?ssia |
author_facet |
Ramos, K?ssia |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Pedro Maria de Abreu |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6886522530872727 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Podgaiski, Luciana Regina |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8847267826439042 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2783257210257551 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ramos, K?ssia |
contributor_str_mv |
Ferreira, Pedro Maria de Abreu Podgaiski, Luciana Regina |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Facilita??o Intera??o Animal-planta Manejo |
topic |
Facilita??o Intera??o Animal-planta Manejo Facilitation Animal-plant Interaction Management CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Facilitation Animal-plant Interaction Management |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
description |
Facilitation is an important process in structuring communities. A facilitator acts on less competitive species, allowing them to establish in highly competitive environments, especially under disturbances. However, the effects of facilitation are known to be more detectable in environments with harsh conditions, such as sites with disturbance regimes. Disturbances are characterized as events that remove biomass and alter the structure of the environment. The main disturbances that modulate the grasslands ecosystems are fire and grazing. In this work, I used a block experiment to analyze the effect of Eryngium horridum, a plant known as a facilitator for other plants, on the arthropod community in different intensities and types of disturbances. In the first chapter of this dissertation, I present a general introduction to the ecological theory of facilitation and its importance for the grasslands with influence of disturbances. In the second chapter, I present the results of the experimental study on the occurrence of facilitation in the arthropod community and spider assemblage in the grasslands under the influence of fire and grazing. The study was conducted based on an experiment with controlled burning and grazing at the S?o Louren?o farm, in the city of Santiago, RS. The experiment was conducted in five blocks, each with three plots. Each plot received a type of management (fire, grazing, or fire + grazing) and pairs with two microhabitats (with or without E. horridum) were defined in each management. In each of the microhabitats, I measured the dimensions of vegetation descriptors and soil temperature. In addition, pitffall traps were installed in each plot to capture soil arthropods. Arthropods were identified at class and order level (family in the case of spiders). The spiders were classified according to the foraging strategy. As the main results of chapter 2, I detected a negative effect of E. horridum on soil temperature in all managements, as well as on the richness and abundance of shrubs under grazing + fire. I also observed that E. horridum promoted a positive effect on the height vegetation in all the managements and on the availability of resources and richness of herbaceous under grazing. Already in the arthropod samples, I collected a total of 18,054 individuals, however, only the arthropods that compose the soil macrofauna were used for the analysis, totaling 8,191 individuals. As main results, I observed that management and microhabitat independently influenced the general composition of the community. It was also possible to detect that E. horridum promoted a facilitating effect on the richness of taxa and families of spiders only in the combination of fire and grazing disturbances, which agrees with the main hypothesis of the work, which predicted that E. horridum would have a more important role as facilitator in the environment with greater intensity of disturbance. The results show, for the first time, that facilitation plays an important role in arthropod and plant communities under disturbance regimes, with intensity and type of disturbance dependent responses. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2019-06-17T14:26:02Z |
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2019-03-29 |
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http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8726 |
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Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul |
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Programa de P?s Gradua??o em Ecologia e Evolu??o da Biodiversidade |
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PUCRS |
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Brasil |
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Escola de Ci?ncias |
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Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul |
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