Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae)
Main Author: | |
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Publication Date: | 2007 |
Format: | Master thesis |
Language: | por |
Source: | Repositório Institucional da UFG |
Download full: | http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1294 |
Summary: | The genus Cymbopogon Sprengel belong to the Poaceae family and it has 40 species distributed in Tropical and Subtropical Africa, Asia and Australia, although some species went introduced in America. Many species of this genus are cultivated for the extraction of essential oil, from their leaves, with large medicinal, food and industrial importance. The species in focus, Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and C. nardus (L.) Rendle are originated from Africa and Asia, respectively. This research had as objective, to broaden the knowledge about the species C. densiflorus and C. nardus, by the morphological and anatomy studies from leaves and culms, phytochemical analysis and essential oil analysis from the leaves. Anatomical studies have been of relevant importance to the pharmacognosy researches, mainly for the identification of many vegetal raw materials. Several times, these raw materials are known by the same popular name or then, they are commercialized with contaminated agents or with other parts of the specie. Through of anatomical analysis, it was checked commons characters, such as leaf lamina and sheath amphistomata, stomatas with guard cells dumbbell and subsidiary cells dome-shape, rares in adaxial surface and abundant in abaxial surface, predominated in intercostal zones. The adaxial and abaxial surfaces had long cells and short cells: cork and dumb-bell and cross-shaped silica cells, these last it is placed in costal zones; macro-hairs and micro-hairs abundant in abaxial surface. In the leaf lamina, bulliforms cells are presents in adaxial surface, they were alternated with fibers in the costal zones and the mesophyll is homogeneous with chlorenchyma radiated to the bundle sheaths and arm cells with walls invaginated that they determined the intervenal distance by one or three cells, characterized Kranz anatomy. Bundle sheaths collateral, of 1st, 2nd and 3rd orders with single vascular bundle sheaths. The cap region is constituted by sclerenchyma and the epidermis has silica cells. However, both species had different anatomical features, as the form of midrib, in the leaf laminas; C. densiflorus showed colourless parenchyma cells in the mesophyll of leaf sheaths, that they do not exist in C. nardus. In the culms, numbers of metaxylem vessels in the each side of protoxylem vessels in vascular bundles: 1, in C. densiflorus, 2 and 3, in C. nardus; and the presence of sclerenchyma cylinder and fistula in C. nardus, absent characters in C. densiflorus. Moreover, in C. densiflorus, while C. nardus showed these characters. The preliminary phytochemistry analysis C. densiflorus and C. nardus leaves evidencied flavonoids, saponins, coumarins and traces of cardioactive glycosides. In the essential oil analysis, C. densiflorus leaves showed trans-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, trans-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol, cis-carveol and cis-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol as majority constituents; while C. nardus leaves had geraniol, citronellol and citronellal. The anatomical characters observed can be important to the taxonomic determinations of species studied, in the genus. Through the results found, it verifies the phytotherapics potential of both species. Future researches in isolation and purify of the secondary metabolites, pharmacologics and toxicologics analysis of extracts and of the essential oil, it will be important to assure the therapeutic efficiency of these. |
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REZENDE, Maria Helenahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5093753722360659PAULA, José Realino dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3191837532986128http://lattes.cnpq.br/7659416317950461BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza2014-07-29T15:16:37Z2010-08-202007-09-28BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza. Morphology, anatomy and phytochemistry of Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle. 2007. 113 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biolóicas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2007.http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1294The genus Cymbopogon Sprengel belong to the Poaceae family and it has 40 species distributed in Tropical and Subtropical Africa, Asia and Australia, although some species went introduced in America. Many species of this genus are cultivated for the extraction of essential oil, from their leaves, with large medicinal, food and industrial importance. The species in focus, Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and C. nardus (L.) Rendle are originated from Africa and Asia, respectively. This research had as objective, to broaden the knowledge about the species C. densiflorus and C. nardus, by the morphological and anatomy studies from leaves and culms, phytochemical analysis and essential oil analysis from the leaves. Anatomical studies have been of relevant importance to the pharmacognosy researches, mainly for the identification of many vegetal raw materials. Several times, these raw materials are known by the same popular name or then, they are commercialized with contaminated agents or with other parts of the specie. Through of anatomical analysis, it was checked commons characters, such as leaf lamina and sheath amphistomata, stomatas with guard cells dumbbell and subsidiary cells dome-shape, rares in adaxial surface and abundant in abaxial surface, predominated in intercostal zones. The adaxial and abaxial surfaces had long cells and short cells: cork and dumb-bell and cross-shaped silica cells, these last it is placed in costal zones; macro-hairs and micro-hairs abundant in abaxial surface. In the leaf lamina, bulliforms cells are presents in adaxial surface, they were alternated with fibers in the costal zones and the mesophyll is homogeneous with chlorenchyma radiated to the bundle sheaths and arm cells with walls invaginated that they determined the intervenal distance by one or three cells, characterized Kranz anatomy. Bundle sheaths collateral, of 1st, 2nd and 3rd orders with single vascular bundle sheaths. The cap region is constituted by sclerenchyma and the epidermis has silica cells. However, both species had different anatomical features, as the form of midrib, in the leaf laminas; C. densiflorus showed colourless parenchyma cells in the mesophyll of leaf sheaths, that they do not exist in C. nardus. In the culms, numbers of metaxylem vessels in the each side of protoxylem vessels in vascular bundles: 1, in C. densiflorus, 2 and 3, in C. nardus; and the presence of sclerenchyma cylinder and fistula in C. nardus, absent characters in C. densiflorus. Moreover, in C. densiflorus, while C. nardus showed these characters. The preliminary phytochemistry analysis C. densiflorus and C. nardus leaves evidencied flavonoids, saponins, coumarins and traces of cardioactive glycosides. In the essential oil analysis, C. densiflorus leaves showed trans-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, trans-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol, cis-carveol and cis-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol as majority constituents; while C. nardus leaves had geraniol, citronellol and citronellal. The anatomical characters observed can be important to the taxonomic determinations of species studied, in the genus. Through the results found, it verifies the phytotherapics potential of both species. Future researches in isolation and purify of the secondary metabolites, pharmacologics and toxicologics analysis of extracts and of the essential oil, it will be important to assure the therapeutic efficiency of these.O gênero Cymbopogon Sprengel pertence à família Poaceae e compreende 40 espécies, distribuídas pela África Tropical e Subtropical, Ásia e Austrália, embora algumas foram introduzidas na América. Diversas espécies deste gênero são cultivadas para a extração de óleos essenciais, a partir de suas folhas, sendo então de grande importância medicinal, alimentar e industrial. As espécies em estudo Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e C. nardus (L.) Rendle, são originárias da África e Ásia, respectivamente. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo, ampliar o conhecimento sobre as espécies C. densiflorus e C. nardus, por meio do estudo morfo-anatômico das folhas e colmo, prospecção fitoquímica e análise dos óleos essenciais das folhas. Estudos anatômicos têm sido de relevante importância para pesquisas farmacognósticas; principalmente para a identificação de diversas matérias-prima vegetal, que muitas vezes são conhecidas pelo mesmo nome popular ou então, comercializadas com contaminantes ou de outras partes da mesma espécie. Por meio das análises anatômicas verificaram-se caracteres comuns entre ambas as espécies, tais como lâminas e bainhas foliares anfiestomáticas, estômatos com células-guarda halteriformes e células subsidiárias em forma de cúpula, raros na face adaxial e abundantes na face abaxial predominando nas regiões intercostais. As faces adaxial e abaxial apresentam células longas e células curtas: suberosas e silicificadas halteriforme e cruciforme, sendo as últimas localizadas nas regiões costais; macrotricomas e microtricomas predominam na face abaxial. Nas lâminas foliares, as células buliformes estão presentes na face adaxial da epiderme, intercaladas por fibras na região costal e o mesofilo é homogêneo disposto radialmente aos feixes vasculares, com distância intervenal de uma a três células, caracterizando anatomia Kranz. Os feixes vasculares colaterais, de 1ª, 2ª e 3ª ordens com bainha de feixe única. A região do bordo é formada por fibras e a epiderme apresenta células silicificadas. Entretanto, ocorrem características anatômicas distintas entre as duas espécies, como formato da nervura central, nas lâminas foliares; C. densiflorus apresenta células parenquimáticas incolores, na bainha foliar, que estão ausentes em C. nardus e o número de elementos de metaxilema em cada lado dos elementos de protoxilema: 1, em C. densiflorus e 2 a 3, em C. nardus e presença de cilindro esclerenquimático e medula fistulosa em C. nardus, caracteres ausentes em C. densiflorus. A análise fitoquímica preliminar das folhas de C. densiflorus e C. nardus evidenciou flavonóides, saponinas, cumarinas e traços de heterosídeos cardioativos. Na análise dos óleos essenciais, as folhas de C. densiflorus apresentaram trans-p-menta-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, trans-p-menta-2-8-dien-1-ol, cis-carveol e cis-p-menta-2-8-dien-1-ol, como constituintes majoritários; enquanto que em C. nardus foram geraniol, citronelol e citronelal. Os caracteres anatômicos observados podem ser importantes para as determinações taxonômicas das espécies estudadas. Por meio dos resultados encontrados, verifica-se o potencial fitoterápico de ambas as espécies. Futuras pesquisas em isolamento e purificação dos metabólitos secundários, análises farmacológicas e toxicológicas dos extratos e dos óleos essenciais, serão importantes para assegurar a eficácia terapêutica destas.Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:16:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao part 1 Lilia Cristina.pdf: 320067 bytes, checksum: 69f0c85320512078b0a799d535fe13a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-28application/pdfhttp://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/TEDE/retrieve/4084/Dissertacao%20part%201%20Lilia%20Cristina.pdf.jpgporUniversidade Federal de GoiásMestrado em BiologiaUFGBRCiências Biolóicas1. Plantas medicinais2. Morfo-anatomia3. Flavonóides4. Óleos essenciais5. Fitoterápicos1. Plantas medicinais; 2. Essências e óleos essenciais; 3. Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf; 4. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle; 5. Fitoterapia1. Medicinal plants2. Morphology and anatomy3. Flavonoids4. Essential oil5. PhytotherapicsCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICASMorfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae)Morphology, anatomy and phytochemistry of Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and Cymbopogon nardus (L.) 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae) |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Morphology, anatomy and phytochemistry of Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle |
title |
Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae) |
spellingShingle |
Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae) BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza 1. Plantas medicinais 2. Morfo-anatomia 3. Flavonóides 4. Óleos essenciais 5. Fitoterápicos 1. Plantas medicinais; 2. Essências e óleos essenciais; 3. Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf; 4. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle; 5. Fitoterapia 1. Medicinal plants 2. Morphology and anatomy 3. Flavonoids 4. Essential oil 5. Phytotherapics CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS |
title_short |
Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae) |
title_full |
Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae) |
title_fullStr |
Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae) |
title_sort |
Morfo-anatomia e fitoquímica de Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf e Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae: Panicoideae) |
author |
BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza |
author_facet |
BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
REZENDE, Maria Helena |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5093753722360659 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
PAULA, José Realino de |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3191837532986128 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7659416317950461 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza |
contributor_str_mv |
REZENDE, Maria Helena PAULA, José Realino de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
1. Plantas medicinais 2. Morfo-anatomia 3. Flavonóides 4. Óleos essenciais 5. Fitoterápicos 1. Plantas medicinais; 2. Essências e óleos essenciais; 3. Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf; 4. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle; 5. Fitoterapia |
topic |
1. Plantas medicinais 2. Morfo-anatomia 3. Flavonóides 4. Óleos essenciais 5. Fitoterápicos 1. Plantas medicinais; 2. Essências e óleos essenciais; 3. Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf; 4. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle; 5. Fitoterapia 1. Medicinal plants 2. Morphology and anatomy 3. Flavonoids 4. Essential oil 5. Phytotherapics CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
1. Medicinal plants 2. Morphology and anatomy 3. Flavonoids 4. Essential oil 5. Phytotherapics |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS |
description |
The genus Cymbopogon Sprengel belong to the Poaceae family and it has 40 species distributed in Tropical and Subtropical Africa, Asia and Australia, although some species went introduced in America. Many species of this genus are cultivated for the extraction of essential oil, from their leaves, with large medicinal, food and industrial importance. The species in focus, Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and C. nardus (L.) Rendle are originated from Africa and Asia, respectively. This research had as objective, to broaden the knowledge about the species C. densiflorus and C. nardus, by the morphological and anatomy studies from leaves and culms, phytochemical analysis and essential oil analysis from the leaves. Anatomical studies have been of relevant importance to the pharmacognosy researches, mainly for the identification of many vegetal raw materials. Several times, these raw materials are known by the same popular name or then, they are commercialized with contaminated agents or with other parts of the specie. Through of anatomical analysis, it was checked commons characters, such as leaf lamina and sheath amphistomata, stomatas with guard cells dumbbell and subsidiary cells dome-shape, rares in adaxial surface and abundant in abaxial surface, predominated in intercostal zones. The adaxial and abaxial surfaces had long cells and short cells: cork and dumb-bell and cross-shaped silica cells, these last it is placed in costal zones; macro-hairs and micro-hairs abundant in abaxial surface. In the leaf lamina, bulliforms cells are presents in adaxial surface, they were alternated with fibers in the costal zones and the mesophyll is homogeneous with chlorenchyma radiated to the bundle sheaths and arm cells with walls invaginated that they determined the intervenal distance by one or three cells, characterized Kranz anatomy. Bundle sheaths collateral, of 1st, 2nd and 3rd orders with single vascular bundle sheaths. The cap region is constituted by sclerenchyma and the epidermis has silica cells. However, both species had different anatomical features, as the form of midrib, in the leaf laminas; C. densiflorus showed colourless parenchyma cells in the mesophyll of leaf sheaths, that they do not exist in C. nardus. In the culms, numbers of metaxylem vessels in the each side of protoxylem vessels in vascular bundles: 1, in C. densiflorus, 2 and 3, in C. nardus; and the presence of sclerenchyma cylinder and fistula in C. nardus, absent characters in C. densiflorus. Moreover, in C. densiflorus, while C. nardus showed these characters. The preliminary phytochemistry analysis C. densiflorus and C. nardus leaves evidencied flavonoids, saponins, coumarins and traces of cardioactive glycosides. In the essential oil analysis, C. densiflorus leaves showed trans-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol, trans-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol, cis-carveol and cis-p-mentha-2-8-dien-1-ol as majority constituents; while C. nardus leaves had geraniol, citronellol and citronellal. The anatomical characters observed can be important to the taxonomic determinations of species studied, in the genus. Through the results found, it verifies the phytotherapics potential of both species. Future researches in isolation and purify of the secondary metabolites, pharmacologics and toxicologics analysis of extracts and of the essential oil, it will be important to assure the therapeutic efficiency of these. |
publishDate |
2007 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2007-09-28 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2010-08-20 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2014-07-29T15:16:37Z |
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status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza. Morphology, anatomy and phytochemistry of Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle. 2007. 113 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biolóicas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2007. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1294 |
identifier_str_mv |
BARBOSA, Lília Cristina de Souza. Morphology, anatomy and phytochemistry of Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf and Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle. 2007. 113 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biolóicas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2007. |
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http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1294 |
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Universidade Federal de Goiás |
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UFG |
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BR |
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Ciências Biolóicas |
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Universidade Federal de Goiás |
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