Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21983 |
Resumo: | Distillation columns are classified as tray column, packing or mixed (hybrid) depending of tower internal type placed inside. Tray internals are classified in with or without downcomer and the simplest models of trays without downcomer are called dual-flow. Dual-flow trays have advantages such as low cost, constructive simplicity and self-cleaning capacity. However, have disadvantages as restricted operating ranges for project and lower efficiency caused by flow instability due formation of exclusive regions of liquid and vapor passage through the tray openings causing phases segregation. Once distillation columns are important equipment to obtain raw materials and products with high purity, improvement of such equipment becomes necessary. This study evaluated the influence of hole diameter (d) and the free area ratio (φ) of dual-flow tray on dry tray pressure drop (ΔPd) fluid dynamic parameter through comparison of experimental, computational and predicted results by correlations of literature. In sequence, was carried a study that proposed a new dualflow tray geometry based on fractal concept and evaluated through multiphase flow experiments. Fluid dynamic parameters evaluated were ΔPd, wet tray pressure drop (ΔPw), foam height (H), clear liquid height (hCL), froth porosity (ε) and regime formation on the tray. The last study evaluated the manufacture of tray and hybrid distillation columns with dual-flow internals using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in order to identify the column with the lowest impact about the environment. Results showed that φ has a more pronounced effect than d on ΔPd and a φ of 20% was indicated. Subsequent analysis showed that dual-flow tray with φ of 20% and with 5 and 7 mm alternating diameters distributed in fractal shape improved the tray operability, stabilizing the ΔPw and maintaining similar values of H, hCL, ε and, regime formation on the tray to those obtained for the better conventional dual-flow tray. The last evaluation performed showed that the hybrid distillation column manufacturing reduced the environmental impacts by 15% compared to the tray column manufacturing. This reduction is equivalent to the emission reduction of 180.7 kg CO2eq due to the replacement of stainless steel tray by Raschig packing of polypropylene, in column rectification section. |
id |
UFSM_64a9ecbea6743f297530568a6d1fcdeb |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/21983 |
network_acronym_str |
UFSM |
network_name_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambientalDevelopment of perforated tray without downcomer with fractal geometry: fluid dynamic and environmental assessmentDestilaçãoPratos dual-flowGeometria fractalParâmetros fluidodinâmicosACV (Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida)DistillationDual-flow traysFractal geometryFluid dynamics parametersLCA (Life Cycle Assessment)CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICADistillation columns are classified as tray column, packing or mixed (hybrid) depending of tower internal type placed inside. Tray internals are classified in with or without downcomer and the simplest models of trays without downcomer are called dual-flow. Dual-flow trays have advantages such as low cost, constructive simplicity and self-cleaning capacity. However, have disadvantages as restricted operating ranges for project and lower efficiency caused by flow instability due formation of exclusive regions of liquid and vapor passage through the tray openings causing phases segregation. Once distillation columns are important equipment to obtain raw materials and products with high purity, improvement of such equipment becomes necessary. This study evaluated the influence of hole diameter (d) and the free area ratio (φ) of dual-flow tray on dry tray pressure drop (ΔPd) fluid dynamic parameter through comparison of experimental, computational and predicted results by correlations of literature. In sequence, was carried a study that proposed a new dualflow tray geometry based on fractal concept and evaluated through multiphase flow experiments. Fluid dynamic parameters evaluated were ΔPd, wet tray pressure drop (ΔPw), foam height (H), clear liquid height (hCL), froth porosity (ε) and regime formation on the tray. The last study evaluated the manufacture of tray and hybrid distillation columns with dual-flow internals using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in order to identify the column with the lowest impact about the environment. Results showed that φ has a more pronounced effect than d on ΔPd and a φ of 20% was indicated. Subsequent analysis showed that dual-flow tray with φ of 20% and with 5 and 7 mm alternating diameters distributed in fractal shape improved the tray operability, stabilizing the ΔPw and maintaining similar values of H, hCL, ε and, regime formation on the tray to those obtained for the better conventional dual-flow tray. The last evaluation performed showed that the hybrid distillation column manufacturing reduced the environmental impacts by 15% compared to the tray column manufacturing. This reduction is equivalent to the emission reduction of 180.7 kg CO2eq due to the replacement of stainless steel tray by Raschig packing of polypropylene, in column rectification section.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESColunas de destilação são classificadas como colunas de pratos, recheio ou mista (híbrida) conforme o tipo de internos de torre colocados em seu interior. Os internos do tipo prato são classificados em com e sem vertedouro (downcomer) e os modelos mais simples de pratos sem downcomer são denominados dual-flow. Pratos dualflow possuem vantagens como baixo custo, simplicidade construtiva e capacidade autolimpante. No entanto, possuem desvantagens como restrição a faixas operacionais de projeto e menor eficiência causada pela instabilidade de fluxo devido a formação de regiões de passagem exclusiva de líquido e vapor através das aberturas do prato segregando as fases. Uma vez que colunas de destilação são equipamentos importantes para obtenção de matéria-prima e produtos com elevado grau de pureza, a melhoria desses equipamentos se torna necessário. Este estudo avaliou a influência do diâmetro do furo (d) e da fração de área livre do prato dualflow (φ) sobre o parâmetro fluidodinâmico queda de pressão em prato seco (ΔPd) através de comparação de resultados experimentais, computacionais e preditos por correlações da literatura. Na sequência, foi realizado um estudo que propôs uma nova geometria de prato dual-flow baseada no conceito fractal através de experimentos em escoamento multifásico. Os parâmetros fluidodinâmicos avaliados foram ΔPd, queda de pressão em prato molhado (ΔPw), altura de espuma (H), altura de líquido claro (hCL), porosidade da espuma (ε) e regime formado sobre o prato. Por fim, foi avaliado a manufatura de colunas de destilação de pratos e híbrida com internos do tipo dual-flow através da aplicação da metodologia de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) para identificar a coluna com menores impactos ao meio ambiente. Os resultados mostraram que a φ tem efeito mais pronunciado que o d sobre a ΔPd e uma φ de 20% foi indicada. A avaliação seguinte mostrou que o prato dual-flow com φ de 20% e com diâmetros alternados de 5 e 7 mm distribuídos de forma fractal melhorou a operacionalidade do prato, estabilizando a ΔPw e mantendo valores similares de H, hCL e, regime formado sobre o prato aos obtidos para o melhor prato dual-flow convencional. A última avaliação mostrou que a manufatura de uma coluna de destilação híbrida reduziu os impactos ao meio ambiente em 15% quando comparada com a manufatura de uma coluna de pratos. Essa redução equivale a redução de emissões de 180,7 kg CO2eq devido a substituição dos pratos confeccionados em aço inxodável por recheios do tipo anel de Raschig confeccionados em polipropileno, na seção de retificação da coluna.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilEngenharia QuímicaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia QuímicaCentro de TecnologiaHoffmann, Ronaldohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4625067103734943Mayer, Flávio DiasRasteiro, Maria da Graça Bontempo VazDotto, Guilherme LuizCastilhos, Fernanda dePossani, GermanoSteffani , EvandroBrondani, Michel2021-08-18T00:50:14Z2021-08-18T00:50:14Z2019-12-16info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21983porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2021-08-18T06:03:36Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/21983Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-08-18T06:03:36Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental Development of perforated tray without downcomer with fractal geometry: fluid dynamic and environmental assessment |
title |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental |
spellingShingle |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental Brondani, Michel Destilação Pratos dual-flow Geometria fractal Parâmetros fluidodinâmicos ACV (Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida) Distillation Dual-flow trays Fractal geometry Fluid dynamics parameters LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental |
title_full |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental |
title_fullStr |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental |
title_full_unstemmed |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental |
title_sort |
Desenvolvimento de prato perfurado sem downcomer com geometria fractal: avaliação fluidodinâmica e ambiental |
author |
Brondani, Michel |
author_facet |
Brondani, Michel |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Hoffmann, Ronaldo http://lattes.cnpq.br/4625067103734943 Mayer, Flávio Dias Rasteiro, Maria da Graça Bontempo Vaz Dotto, Guilherme Luiz Castilhos, Fernanda de Possani, Germano Steffani , Evandro |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Brondani, Michel |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Destilação Pratos dual-flow Geometria fractal Parâmetros fluidodinâmicos ACV (Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida) Distillation Dual-flow trays Fractal geometry Fluid dynamics parameters LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
topic |
Destilação Pratos dual-flow Geometria fractal Parâmetros fluidodinâmicos ACV (Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida) Distillation Dual-flow trays Fractal geometry Fluid dynamics parameters LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
Distillation columns are classified as tray column, packing or mixed (hybrid) depending of tower internal type placed inside. Tray internals are classified in with or without downcomer and the simplest models of trays without downcomer are called dual-flow. Dual-flow trays have advantages such as low cost, constructive simplicity and self-cleaning capacity. However, have disadvantages as restricted operating ranges for project and lower efficiency caused by flow instability due formation of exclusive regions of liquid and vapor passage through the tray openings causing phases segregation. Once distillation columns are important equipment to obtain raw materials and products with high purity, improvement of such equipment becomes necessary. This study evaluated the influence of hole diameter (d) and the free area ratio (φ) of dual-flow tray on dry tray pressure drop (ΔPd) fluid dynamic parameter through comparison of experimental, computational and predicted results by correlations of literature. In sequence, was carried a study that proposed a new dualflow tray geometry based on fractal concept and evaluated through multiphase flow experiments. Fluid dynamic parameters evaluated were ΔPd, wet tray pressure drop (ΔPw), foam height (H), clear liquid height (hCL), froth porosity (ε) and regime formation on the tray. The last study evaluated the manufacture of tray and hybrid distillation columns with dual-flow internals using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in order to identify the column with the lowest impact about the environment. Results showed that φ has a more pronounced effect than d on ΔPd and a φ of 20% was indicated. Subsequent analysis showed that dual-flow tray with φ of 20% and with 5 and 7 mm alternating diameters distributed in fractal shape improved the tray operability, stabilizing the ΔPw and maintaining similar values of H, hCL, ε and, regime formation on the tray to those obtained for the better conventional dual-flow tray. The last evaluation performed showed that the hybrid distillation column manufacturing reduced the environmental impacts by 15% compared to the tray column manufacturing. This reduction is equivalent to the emission reduction of 180.7 kg CO2eq due to the replacement of stainless steel tray by Raschig packing of polypropylene, in column rectification section. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-12-16 2021-08-18T00:50:14Z 2021-08-18T00:50:14Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21983 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21983 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Engenharia Química UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química Centro de Tecnologia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Engenharia Química UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química Centro de Tecnologia |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922138693042176 |