BARTOLOMÉ DE LAS CASAS, ROGER WILLIAMS E O PROBLEMA DA IDOLATRIA NOS SÉCULOS XVI E XVII

• Autor(a) principal: BARBOSA , ADRIEL MOREIRA
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da METODISTA
• Texto Completo: http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/2081
• topic: Bartolomé de las Casas; Roger Williams; Economia de Mercado; Idolatria; Bartolomé de las Casas; Roger Williams; Market Economy; Idolatry; CIENCIAS HUMANAS

This research investigates a possible relationship between the criticisms of Bartolomé de las Casas and Roger Williams to the colonial system of their respective nations, but with a specific focus, which is the criticism of the idolatry of gold and land It explores the possibility that both have addressed the social changes resulting from the increase in the mercantile economy, i. e., the possibility that Bartolomé de las Casas 'criticism of the conquerors' ambition and that of Roger Williams to the New Englander colonial advance on lands belonging to Native Americans indicate that the concept of idolatry would have been used specifically, as an instrument of criticism of a certain aspects of the emerging market economy. The hypothesis is that certain phenomena related to the expansion of the market economy made the changes in the social order more intense and aggressive at the time of these characters, confronting a long-standing tradition on economic issues, for which the best instrument of criticism would be the theological concept of idolatry. His criticisms would be guided by the progressive displacement of meaning of individual and collective acts, closely related to the inversion of values that was engendered in the society of his time, which made human behavior guided by motivations of an interest nature increasingly accepted. The objective is to identify in the works of Bartolomé de las Casas and Roger Williams their criticism of the idolatry of gold and the land and to determine its possible relationship with the transformations resulting from the influence of the emerging market economy. For this, four steps are necessary: (1) reconstruct the socio-cultural and economic universe of the 16th and 17th centuries, in relation to the emerging market economy, understood in this analysis as a long duration (longue durée) phenomenon, which, following the contributions of Jacques Le Goff, Paul Hugon, Henri Pirenne, Marcel Mazoyer and Laurence Roudart, show to have intensified during the mercantilist period; (2) to present Bartolomé de Las Casas' criticism to the greed for the gold of the conquerors and colonizers in Spanish America, from the perspective of the relationship of that critical with the encomiendas system; (3) to present Roger Williams' criticism of the greed for the land of the New England colonists, considering its relation to the debate about the legitimacy of the Charter system and the legal argument of the vacuum domicilium; (4) comparatively analyze the criticism of the idolatry of Bartolomé de Las Casas and Roger Williams from the understanding of the potential of the theological concept of idolatry for the critique of economic issues, through the understanding of the use of this concept as a form of denunciation of fetishism, and of the opposition between the idols who oppress and the God who liberates, from Latin American theology, represented by Pablo Richard. Such opposition would be clearly explained on the Javé-Ball (in the Old Testament) and Javé-Mamon (in the New Testament) conflicts, which, in turn, are related and point to a political dispute based on land and money.