Adverse reactions in oncological patients after radiotherapy treatment: Adverse reactions in oncological patients after radiotherapy treatment

• Autor(a) principal: Kameo, Simone Yuriko
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Fonseca, Tiago Vasconcelos, Lima, Ricardo Barbosa, Vassilievitch, Andressa Cabral, Silva, Glebson Moura, Marinho, Pabliane Matias Lordelo, Macêdo, Luiz Eduardo Andrade, Amorim, Bruno Ferreira, Costa, Jéssica dos Santos, Sawada, Namie Okino
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista Enfermagem Atual In Derme
• Texto Completo: https://revistaenfermagematual.com/index.php/revista/article/view/698
• topic: Radioterapia; Radiação Ionizante; Oncologia; Radiotherapy; Radiation; Oncology

Objective: To describe adverse reactions after radiotherapy treatment in cancer patients treated at a radiotherapy outpatient service. Method: It is a documentary study through the collection of data in clinical records. 436 patients who underwent radiotherapy treatment were evaluated in search of episodes of adverse reactions. Patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with neoplasia (confirmed by cytopathological and/or histopathological reports) who underwent five or more radiotherapy sessions between 2015 and 2016 were eligible. Results: 353 clinical records were included (83.6%) and 1,390 reactions associated with radiotherapy were described in these patients, being 53.2% women. The most frequent adverse reactions related to radiotherapy were pain (14%), radiodermatitis (9%) and poor appetite (8%). 69% of patients had no signs or symptoms before diagnosis, 25% being diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. The most used radiotherapy technique was 3D (67%), with about 30 fractions (14%) and 5000 Gy as the total planned dose (17%). 70% of patients who experienced adverse reactions had at least one comorbidity. Conclusion: Radiotherapy can be associated with several adverse reactions, with different signs and symptoms in affected patients. The prevention and management of these conditions can enhance treatment, reducing morbidity and mortality, in addition to providing quality of life to cancer patients.