Teoria da personalidade : a abordagem centrada de Carl Rogers nos manuais em circulação no Brasil

• Main Author: Bortoluzzi, Nayara Nunes
• Publication Date: 2020
• Format: Master thesis
• Language: por
• Source: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
• Download full: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/2863
• topic: Teoria da personalidade; Carl Rogers; Abordagem centrada na pessoa; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA; Personality theory; Carl Rogers; Person centered approach

The Human Personality is one of the most discussed topics by psychological trends, and each one of them presents different ways of explaining and understanding the phenomenon. At least three understandings are highlighted: Psychoanalytic/Freud, Experimental-Positivist-Behaviorist and Humanist-Existential-Phenomenological Psychology. Despite the vast discussions and proposals in this domain, it is our interest to focus attention on the discussions made by the humanist psychologist Carl Rogers, proponent of the Client Centered Therapy, widely known as the Person Centered Approach (PCA). The intention of the research was to: (1) carry out a survey of the manuals on Personality Theory in national circulation and translated into Portuguese, as well as to analyze their constant structure in terms of year of publication, publisher, theories and theorists considered; (2) identify the Core Contents contained in four selected texts, two referring to chapters written by Rogers himself, and the others written by other authors, organizers of the manuals, edited in Brazil in the last five years; (3) raise and verify the occurrence Rogers' Central Postulates in the texts written by him and other authors; (4) compare the Central Postulates present in Rogers' texts with those contained in other productions. The research is characterized by being documentary, considering that both the manuals and the texts selected for analysis will be treated as documents. In all, nine Personality Theories manuals in national circulation were identified. Of these, four were selected to fulfill the other objectives of the research, namely: Theories of Psychopathology and Personality, by Millon (1979), Operational Theories of Personality, by Burton (1978), Personality Theories, by Schutz and Schutz (2018), and Personality Theories, by Feist, Feist and Roberts (2015) – the first two manuals were selected because they contain texts in which Rogers is the author, the one published in Burton's work, by the way, was co-authored with John Wood. The others were selected because they were reissued in the last five years. The Core Contents identified and discussed for each of the four texts were useful for understanding the discussions on the theme of Personality, in general, and provided the identification of the Central Postulates present both in the texts in which Rogers is the author, as well as in those of the other organizers of the works. Seventeen postulates were identified in Rogers' texts: One, as to foundation – (1) updating trend; Ten concerning Personality Theory – (2) child characteristics, (3) self development, (4) need for esteem; (5) the development of the need for self-esteem; (6) the development of value conditions; (7) the development of the inconsistency between the self and the experience, (8) the development of behavioral contradictions, (9) the threat experience and the defense process, (10) the process of disruption and disorganization, (11) the reintegration process, Four arising from the Psychotherapy Theory – (12) characteristics, (13) congruence, (14) unconditional positive regard, (15) empathic understanding; and two others concerning the (16) continuum of the change process and (17) Fully Functioning Person. Of these Central Postulates, nine were included in the text by Schutz and Schutz (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 17) and fourteen by Feist, Feist and Roberts (1, 3, 4, 5, 6 , 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17), revealing that the latter presents itself in greater conformity with the choices made by Rogers, when invited to write in Personality Theories manuals. The final considerations to which the study leads, allow us to point out that Rogers' proposal is relevant and deserves to be highlighted, considering that it was included in all nine identified manuals. Two of these texts they were written by Rogers himself and that of Feist, Feist and Roberts, revised by him, thus constituting the most accurate sources of discussions on the fundamental Postulates for academics, psychologists and those interested in the subject. Among the textbooks in which Rogers is not an author, one of the highlights is the explanation of research, carried out by Rogers and other researchers, which expand and confirm the author's findings. The continuity of the study is indicated, especially for the un-smoothed works, so that the panorama of discussions expands. For us, the study constitutes a source of inspiration and learning, as the continuum experience, in which we feel slipping from a confused stage and with little clarity of what we intended, for the presentation explained here, a possible cut and with deep meanings