Cytotoxicity of Brazilian plant extracts against oral microorganisms of interest to dentistry

• Autor(a) principal: de Oliveira, Jonatas Rafael [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Outros Autores: de Castro, Vinicius Carlos [UNESP], Vilela, Polyana das Graças Figueiredo [UNESP], Camargo, Samira Esteves Afonso [UNESP], Carvalho, Cláudio Antonio Talge [UNESP], Jorge, Antonio Olavo Cardoso [UNESP], de Oliveira, Luciane Dias [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-13-208; http://hdl.handle.net/11449/76274
• topic: Candida albicans; Candida glabrata; Candida tropicalis; Equisetum arvense L; Glycyrrhiza glabra L; Punica granatum L; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Streptococcus mutans; Stryphnodendron barbatimam Mart; Brazilian plant extract; equisetum arvense extract; Glycyrrhiza glabra extract; interleukin 1beta; plant extract; pomegranate extract; Stryphnodendron barbatimam extract; tumor necrosis factor alpha; unclassified drug; animal cell; antimicrobial activity; cell viability; colorimetry; controlled study; cytokine production; cytotoxicity; dentistry; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; macrophage; mouse; mouth flora; nonhuman; stimulation; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Brazil; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Macrophages; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Stomatognathic Diseases; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Background: With the emergence of strains resistant to conventional antibiotics, it is important to carry studies using alternative methods to control these microorganisms causing important infections, such as the use of products of plant origin that has demonstrated effective antimicrobial activity besides biocompatibility. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts of Equisetum arvense L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Punica granatum L. and Stryphnodendron barbatimam Mart. against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata, and to analyze the cytotoxicity of these extracts in cultured murine macrophages (RAW 264.7).Methods: Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts was evaluated by microdilution method based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), M7-A6 and M27-A2 standards. The cytotoxicity of concentrations that eliminated the microorganisms was evaluated by MTT colorimetric method and by quantification of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) using ELISA.Results: In determining the minimum microbicidal concentration, E. arvense L., P. granatum L., and S. barbatimam Mart. extracts at a concentration of 50 mg/mL and G. glabra L. extract at a concentration of 100 mg/mL, were effective against all microorganisms tested. Regarding cell viability, values were 48% for E. arvense L., 76% for P. granatum L, 86% for S. barbatimam Mart. and 79% for G. glabra L. at the same concentrations. About cytokine production after stimulation with the most effective concentrations of the extracts, there was a significant increase of IL-1β in macrophage cultures treated with S. barbatimam Mart. (3.98 pg/mL) and P. granatum L. (7.72 pg/mL) compared to control (2.20 pg/mL) and a significant decrease of TNF-α was observed in cultures treated with G. glabra L. (4.92 pg/mL), S. barbatimam Mart. (0.85 pg/mL), E. arvense L. (0.83 pg/mL), and P. granatum L. (0.00 pg/mL) when compared to control (41.96 pg/mL).Conclusions: All plant extracts were effective against the microorganisms tested. The G. glabra L. extract exhibited least cytotoxicity and the E. arvense L. extract was the most cytotoxic. © 2013 de Oliveira et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.