Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/190009 |
Resumo: | Mixed flocks are associations of two or more species that are formed and maintained through mutual behavioral responses, with advantages such as maximizing foraging and protecting against predation. This study aimed to evaluate the composition, temporal dynamics, and presence of core species in mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of the Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in the Parque Nacional Aparados da Serra, southern Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Data collection took place from October 2016 to September 2017 through monthly campaigns, consisting of three consecutive observation days, with sampling sessions of six hours per day, resulting in a total effort of 216 h of observations. For each contact with the flocks, we recorded the species and number of individuals, stratum of occurrence, substrates of search, and agonistic interactions. We recorded 152 mixed flocks, with a total of 76 species belonging to 24 families, and five orders, with Thraupidae, Tyrannidae, Furnariidae, and Rhynchocyclidae being the richest. The flocks had an average of 4.5 ± 2.7 species and 8.7 ± 5.8 individuals, with richness and the number of individuals being positively correlated (R² = 0.8). Mixed flocks occurred throughout the year. There was a great variation in the number of contacts from October to February (from 5 to 20 contacts). Meanwhile from March to September, the coldest period of the year in the region, the number of contacts did not vary (from 9 to 14 contacts). However, there was no difference in the number of contacts between these months (z = 0.37; p = 0.691). Basileuterus culicivorus and Habia rubica were the core species because, in addition to their high participation (46.7 and 32.9%, respectively), they showed frequent and conspicuous movement and vocalization. Thus, a high capacity to enlist a greater number of individuals from different species for the flocks was demonstrated. |
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Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) |
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Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern BrazilPasseriformesHeterospecific associationsCore speciesOmbrophilous Dense ForestPARNA Aparados da SerraMixed flocks are associations of two or more species that are formed and maintained through mutual behavioral responses, with advantages such as maximizing foraging and protecting against predation. This study aimed to evaluate the composition, temporal dynamics, and presence of core species in mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of the Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in the Parque Nacional Aparados da Serra, southern Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Data collection took place from October 2016 to September 2017 through monthly campaigns, consisting of three consecutive observation days, with sampling sessions of six hours per day, resulting in a total effort of 216 h of observations. For each contact with the flocks, we recorded the species and number of individuals, stratum of occurrence, substrates of search, and agonistic interactions. We recorded 152 mixed flocks, with a total of 76 species belonging to 24 families, and five orders, with Thraupidae, Tyrannidae, Furnariidae, and Rhynchocyclidae being the richest. The flocks had an average of 4.5 ± 2.7 species and 8.7 ± 5.8 individuals, with richness and the number of individuals being positively correlated (R² = 0.8). Mixed flocks occurred throughout the year. There was a great variation in the number of contacts from October to February (from 5 to 20 contacts). Meanwhile from March to September, the coldest period of the year in the region, the number of contacts did not vary (from 9 to 14 contacts). However, there was no difference in the number of contacts between these months (z = 0.37; p = 0.691). Basileuterus culicivorus and Habia rubica were the core species because, in addition to their high participation (46.7 and 32.9%, respectively), they showed frequent and conspicuous movement and vocalization. Thus, a high capacity to enlist a greater number of individuals from different species for the flocks was demonstrated.Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP).2022-04-27info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/19000910.11606/1807-0205/2022.62.026Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; v. 62 (2022); e202262026Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; Vol. 62 (2022); e202262026Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; Vol. 62 (2022); e2022620261807-02050031-1049reponame:Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online)instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/190009/181310Copyright (c) 2022 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologiahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLuz, Gustavo Silveira daCarvalho, FernandoZocche, Jairo José2022-01-31T10:59:27Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/190009Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/pazPUBhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/oaipublicacaomz@usp.br ; einicker@usp.br1807-02050031-1049opendoar:2023-01-12T16:42:09.148121Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil |
title |
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil |
spellingShingle |
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil Luz, Gustavo Silveira da Passeriformes Heterospecific associations Core species Ombrophilous Dense Forest PARNA Aparados da Serra |
title_short |
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil |
title_full |
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil |
title_fullStr |
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil |
title_sort |
Composition and dynamics of mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in southern Brazil |
author |
Luz, Gustavo Silveira da |
author_facet |
Luz, Gustavo Silveira da Carvalho, Fernando Zocche, Jairo José |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Carvalho, Fernando Zocche, Jairo José |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Luz, Gustavo Silveira da Carvalho, Fernando Zocche, Jairo José |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Passeriformes Heterospecific associations Core species Ombrophilous Dense Forest PARNA Aparados da Serra |
topic |
Passeriformes Heterospecific associations Core species Ombrophilous Dense Forest PARNA Aparados da Serra |
description |
Mixed flocks are associations of two or more species that are formed and maintained through mutual behavioral responses, with advantages such as maximizing foraging and protecting against predation. This study aimed to evaluate the composition, temporal dynamics, and presence of core species in mixed flocks of birds in a remnant of the Submontane Atlantic Rain Forest in the Parque Nacional Aparados da Serra, southern Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Data collection took place from October 2016 to September 2017 through monthly campaigns, consisting of three consecutive observation days, with sampling sessions of six hours per day, resulting in a total effort of 216 h of observations. For each contact with the flocks, we recorded the species and number of individuals, stratum of occurrence, substrates of search, and agonistic interactions. We recorded 152 mixed flocks, with a total of 76 species belonging to 24 families, and five orders, with Thraupidae, Tyrannidae, Furnariidae, and Rhynchocyclidae being the richest. The flocks had an average of 4.5 ± 2.7 species and 8.7 ± 5.8 individuals, with richness and the number of individuals being positively correlated (R² = 0.8). Mixed flocks occurred throughout the year. There was a great variation in the number of contacts from October to February (from 5 to 20 contacts). Meanwhile from March to September, the coldest period of the year in the region, the number of contacts did not vary (from 9 to 14 contacts). However, there was no difference in the number of contacts between these months (z = 0.37; p = 0.691). Basileuterus culicivorus and Habia rubica were the core species because, in addition to their high participation (46.7 and 32.9%, respectively), they showed frequent and conspicuous movement and vocalization. Thus, a high capacity to enlist a greater number of individuals from different species for the flocks was demonstrated. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-04-27 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/190009 10.11606/1807-0205/2022.62.026 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/190009 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.11606/1807-0205/2022.62.026 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/190009/181310 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2022 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2022 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP). |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP). |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; v. 62 (2022); e202262026 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; Vol. 62 (2022); e202262026 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; Vol. 62 (2022); e202262026 1807-0205 0031-1049 reponame:Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) |
collection |
Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
publicacaomz@usp.br ; einicker@usp.br |
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1797051529653387264 |