Geno (feno)tipagem e perfil de resistência aos antirretrovirais em pessoas vivendo com HIV no sul de Santa Catarina

• Autor(a) principal: Marcon, Chaiana Esmeraldino Mendes
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Universitário da Ânima (RUNA)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.animaeducacao.com.br/handle/ANIMA/3001
• topic: HIV; Farmacoresistência viral; Técnicas de genotipagem; Mutação

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which may cause AIDS, is a serious public health issue. Therapeutic measures were successful in increasing patient survival and quality of life. However, some people living with HIV do not respond to antiretroviral therapy (ART) because of mutations associated with viral resistance. Objective: To identify the viral genotype and evaluate the genotypic pattern and resistance to HAART, as well as the presence of mutations resulting from HIV genotyping and phenotyping. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adults living with HIV/aids under treatment in southern Santa Catarina. Participants were interviewed and had blood sample drawn for lab tests. Patients with detectable viral load had the plasma samples sent to Adolfo Lutz Institute for genotyping and subsequent virtual phenotyping. Results: In 116 out of the 629 patients included in the study, it was possible to identify both the viral genotype and phenotype. HIV-1 subtype C was the most prevalent. Women were more resistant to HAART than men (p = 0.028). Resistance to HAART was also associated with nonadherence to treatment (p <0.001), longer time of HIV infection (p <0.001), change in the therapeutic regimen (p <0.001), and lower CD4 T-lymphocyte count (p = 0.031). The main mutations were M184V and K103N. Comparisons between genotyping and virtual phenotyping identified that subtype B presented a lower disagreement index as compared to the others. Conclusion: The study concluded that subtype C was the circulating subtype in southern Santa Catarina, and that K103N and M184V were the most commonly found mutations.