Estresse no ambiente de trabalho associado a doenças ocupacionais - análise de fatores de risco ocupacional

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Taiane Vasconcelos
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Universitário da Ânima (RUNA)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.animaeducacao.com.br/handle/ANIMA/3843
• topic: Stress; Ambiente de trabalho; Fatores de risco; Doenças ocupacionais

Many authors cite the worplace stress as the evil of the century, because it has become increasingly common for workers to leave due to depressive conditions, such as stress and exhaustion or other occupational diseases related to a stressful work environment (WHO, 2001). The impacts on the world economy are evident, given that, according to the magazine Exame (2016), mental and emotional disorders are the second cause of absences, causing great demand for Social Security supplies. The World Health Organization (WHO) points out that depression generates a decrease in the performance of activities performed by workers, such as lack of attention, loss of memory and difficulties in decision making and organization. Stress is essentially a degree of wear and tear on the body and mind, which can reach degenerative levels. The consequences may be linked to the generation of several diseases, such as cancer, due to the effects of emotional stress depressing the immune system, undermining the natural defenses against diseases (CABRAL, 1997). Depressive conditions can also lead to suicide. Almost 1 million lives are lost annually due to suicide, which corresponds to 3000 deaths every day (WFMH, 2012). The need for screening and early detection of depression in primary care services is clear (Patel et al 2010, Araya et al 2003a). In a survey carried out by the World Mental Health Survey, it was found that 1 in 20 workers report having already suffered depressive disorders. According to the WHO (2008), depression affects 50% more women than men, indicating a trend in the profile of those most affected. According to a forecast made by the WHO (2001), depression would be the second leading cause of disability worldwide in the year 2020. Being that depressive disorders were classified as the third main cause of the global burden of the disease in 2004 and will move to the first place as contributing to the burden of disease by 2030 (WHO, 2008). Cabral (1997) states that some people react with greater physiological activation to stressful events. It is necessary to examine the specific reaction of each person to the stressor, as each one will act differently in the face of situations, depending on several factors, both social, family, personality, among others. Work is an integral part of people's lives, and often plays a central role in the individual's life, building their way of being and assigning them an identity, that is, a life purpose (CORDEIRO, 2016). Thus, it is clear the need for a strong attention to this theme, since it affects several factors such as the health of the worker, the quality of the work performed, professional frustrations, losses for companies and economic losses. In order to obtain data on the theme, the Work Context Assessment Scale - EACT, was applied in a small company, in order to identify data through descriptive evaluation statistics. The results were analyzed and discussed based on the theoretical framework of psychodynamics of work, considering the relationship between work and health, analyzing certain work contexts with objective and subjective, psychological, social, political and economic origins that can influence this context in different ways, which can generate a healthy work environment or illness for the worker (CAMPOS, 2011).