Decomposição de serrapilheira e atividade da fauna edáfica em diferentes fragmentos de Mata Atlântica

• Autor(a) principal: Nandi, Marcos Vieira
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Universitário da Ânima (RUNA)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.animaeducacao.com.br/handle/ANIMA/12534
• topic: Ciclagem de nutrientes; Comunidade edáfica; Invertebrados; Solo; Processos ecossistêmicos

The litter is an important component of the cycling of nutrients, essential for the maintenance of forests, especially in environments with weathered soil as in tropical forests. The ecosystem processes are regulated by biotic and abiotic factors directly dependent on the edaphic community, composed especially by invertebrates. The objective of this study was to estimate the litter decomposition rate in two soil matrices (cambisol and clayey) in fragments of Atlantic forest; as well as describing the functional diversity of soil fauna present in the process. This study was conducted in forest fragments with different ground matrices in the cities of Lauro Müller (28º21'S; 49º27'W; height: 220 m, cambisol soil matrix) and shark (28º27'S; 49º03'W; height: 6 m, clay soil matrix) in the southern state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. For the capture of individuals, pitfall traps type without the presence of baits were used. The captured organisms were identified at the lowest possible taxonomic level and grouped into functional groups. The sampling protocol in each area consisted of 20 fixed points, being carried out in two campaigns for each soil matrix. To evaluate the litter decomposition, senescent leaves of Rheedia gardneriana Tr. & Planch. (Clusiaceae), confined in nylon bags (Litter bags). Were used bags with 8 mm mesh, allowing the access of the edaphic fauna and bags with mesh inferior to 2 mm, representing the exclusion of edaphic fauna; these bags were then packed in overhang and buried portions, distributed in 15 sample points. To collect this material, it was stipulated a period of stay in the field 30, 60 and 90 days. A total of 3,161 individuals of soil fauna was recorded in the two soil matrices studied. A pattern of dominance of functional groups in these two soil matrices, represented by sapphagus, followed by sapphagogens predators and predators was observed. The observed pattern of bed decomposition rate in soil matrix types showed a high degree of proximity. The breakdown was faster in the first 30 days of exposure; between the periods 30 and 60 days there was a breakdown in the stability and between 60 and 90 days there was a resumption of the litter decomposition cycle. These results suggest that the soil fauna along with the microbiota are the main characters in the decomposition of litter, but the physical and chemical agents are also relevant for this process. In the two matrices surrounding soil there was a decomposition of 35 and 58.4%, demonstrating the high capacity of nutrient cycling of the Atlantic. Found that the presence of the roots 60 and 90 days confirming the litter as an important agent of nutrient cycling, making it essential to the aid of the litter seed bank system and forest management and reclamation.