Urbanização costeira e a fauna de macroinvertebrados associados a costões rochosos no litoral centro-sul catarinense

• Autor(a) principal: Francisco, Edenilson Osinski
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Universitário da Ânima (RUNA)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.animaeducacao.com.br/handle/ANIMA/12506
• topic: Urbanização; Costão rochoso; Macroinvertebrados

Rocky shores are intertidal coastal environments influenced by the terrestrial and marine environments. They are ecosystems that harbor great diversity and can be found in the shape of vertical rock walls or rocky outcrops. Due to being coastal environments, they can be affected by the unbridled urbanization common in the coastal areas of the globe. The macroinvertebrate communities on rocky shores are formed by epifaunal organisms, most of them, sessile or sedentary, comprehending several phyla. Our objective in this research was to verify if there is a correlation between coastal urbanization and the fauna of macroinvertebrates associated to the rocky shores in the south-central coast of Santa Catarina in the summer of 2019. Were selected five rocky shores located in two cities along the south-central coast of Santa Catarina, Imbituba and Laguna. In these shores, horizontal transects of 20 m were drawn and, in each transect, 10 vertical profiles (from the water line to the upper limit of the organisms) equidistant in 2 m, were made. In these profiles, using a quadrat of 400 cm2 (20 X 20 cm), photographies were taken to assess the composition of the macroinvertebrate fauna through the photoquadrat methodology. Five phyla, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata and Annelida were found, of which the greatest diversity was found among the molluscs, with 11 species collected. The highest abundances were found for the, Cthamalus bisinuatus and the polychaete Phragmatopoma caudata. The urbanization index indicated a higher anthropogenic impact on the Itapirubá North Beach and lower on Maneloni Beach. Static tests did not show a significant relationship between urbanization and the macrozoobenthic communities of the rocky shores. The greatest diversity was found in Gravatá Beach with 13 species, and the lowest in Barra Beach with seven species. The highest percentage of coverage was observed in Itapirubá North Beach (51.67%) and the lowest in Maneloni Beach (33, 56%). The barnacle Chthamalus bisinuatus had the highest absolute frequency in all beaches except Itapirubá North where the highest frequency belongs to P. caudata. Although there were no direct or indirect influence of coastal urbanization observed, it was observed that interspecific interactions may be influencing the macroinvertebrate communities associated with the rocky shores of south-central Santa Catarina.