Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Melo,Adriano Sanches
Data de Publicação: 2011
Outros Autores: Schneck,Fabiana, Hepp,Luiz Ubiratan, Simões,Nadson Ressyé, Siqueira,Tadeu, Bini,Luis Mauricio
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia (Online)
Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2179-975X2011000300010
Resumo: Ecologists usually estimate means, but devote much less attention to variation. The study of variation is a key aspect to understand natural systems and to make predictions regarding them. In community ecology, most studies focus on local species diversity (alpha diversity), but only in recent decades have ecologists devoted proper attention to variation in community composition among sites (beta diversity). This is in spite of the fact that the first attempts to estimate beta diversity date back to the pioneering work by Koch and Whittaker in the 1950s. Progress in the last decade has been made in the development both of methods and of hypotheses about the origin and maintenance of variation in community composition. For instance, methods are available to partition total diversity in a region (gamma diversity), in a local component (alpha), and several beta diversities, each corresponding to one scale in a hierarchy. The popularization of the so-called raw-data approach (based on partial constrained ordination techniques) and the distance-based approach (based on correlation of dissimilarity/distance matrices) have allowed many ecologists to address current hypotheses about beta diversity patterns. Overall, these hypotheses are based on niche and neutral theory, accounting for the relative roles of environmental and spatial processes (or a combination of them) in shaping metacommunities. Recent studies have addressed these issues on a variety of spatial and temporal scales, habitats and taxonomic groups. Moreover, life history and functional traits of species such as dispersal abilities and rarity have begun to be considered in studies of beta diversity. In this article we briefly review some of these new tools and approaches developed in recent years, and illustrate them by using case studies in aquatic ecosystems.
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spelling Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystemstemporal turnoverhierarchical scalerare speciesdissimilarityCCAEcologists usually estimate means, but devote much less attention to variation. The study of variation is a key aspect to understand natural systems and to make predictions regarding them. In community ecology, most studies focus on local species diversity (alpha diversity), but only in recent decades have ecologists devoted proper attention to variation in community composition among sites (beta diversity). This is in spite of the fact that the first attempts to estimate beta diversity date back to the pioneering work by Koch and Whittaker in the 1950s. Progress in the last decade has been made in the development both of methods and of hypotheses about the origin and maintenance of variation in community composition. For instance, methods are available to partition total diversity in a region (gamma diversity), in a local component (alpha), and several beta diversities, each corresponding to one scale in a hierarchy. The popularization of the so-called raw-data approach (based on partial constrained ordination techniques) and the distance-based approach (based on correlation of dissimilarity/distance matrices) have allowed many ecologists to address current hypotheses about beta diversity patterns. Overall, these hypotheses are based on niche and neutral theory, accounting for the relative roles of environmental and spatial processes (or a combination of them) in shaping metacommunities. Recent studies have addressed these issues on a variety of spatial and temporal scales, habitats and taxonomic groups. Moreover, life history and functional traits of species such as dispersal abilities and rarity have begun to be considered in studies of beta diversity. In this article we briefly review some of these new tools and approaches developed in recent years, and illustrate them by using case studies in aquatic ecosystems.Associação Brasileira de Limnologia2011-09-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2179-975X2011000300010Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia v.23 n.3 2011reponame:Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia (Online)instname:Associação Brasileira de Limnologia (ABL)instacron:ABL10.1590/S2179-975X2012005000010info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessMelo,Adriano SanchesSchneck,FabianaHepp,Luiz UbiratanSimões,Nadson RessyéSiqueira,TadeuBini,Luis Mauricioeng2012-04-19T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S2179-975X2011000300010Revistahttp://www.ablimno.org.br/publiActa.phphttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||actalb@rc.unesp.br2179-975X0102-6712opendoar:2012-04-19T00:00Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia (Online) - Associação Brasileira de Limnologia (ABL)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems
title Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems
spellingShingle Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems
Melo,Adriano Sanches
temporal turnover
hierarchical scale
rare species
dissimilarity
CCA
title_short Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems
title_full Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems
title_fullStr Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems
title_full_unstemmed Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems
title_sort Focusing on variation: methods and applications of the concept of beta diversity in aquatic ecosystems
author Melo,Adriano Sanches
author_facet Melo,Adriano Sanches
Schneck,Fabiana
Hepp,Luiz Ubiratan
Simões,Nadson Ressyé
Siqueira,Tadeu
Bini,Luis Mauricio
author_role author
author2 Schneck,Fabiana
Hepp,Luiz Ubiratan
Simões,Nadson Ressyé
Siqueira,Tadeu
Bini,Luis Mauricio
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Melo,Adriano Sanches
Schneck,Fabiana
Hepp,Luiz Ubiratan
Simões,Nadson Ressyé
Siqueira,Tadeu
Bini,Luis Mauricio
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv temporal turnover
hierarchical scale
rare species
dissimilarity
CCA
topic temporal turnover
hierarchical scale
rare species
dissimilarity
CCA
description Ecologists usually estimate means, but devote much less attention to variation. The study of variation is a key aspect to understand natural systems and to make predictions regarding them. In community ecology, most studies focus on local species diversity (alpha diversity), but only in recent decades have ecologists devoted proper attention to variation in community composition among sites (beta diversity). This is in spite of the fact that the first attempts to estimate beta diversity date back to the pioneering work by Koch and Whittaker in the 1950s. Progress in the last decade has been made in the development both of methods and of hypotheses about the origin and maintenance of variation in community composition. For instance, methods are available to partition total diversity in a region (gamma diversity), in a local component (alpha), and several beta diversities, each corresponding to one scale in a hierarchy. The popularization of the so-called raw-data approach (based on partial constrained ordination techniques) and the distance-based approach (based on correlation of dissimilarity/distance matrices) have allowed many ecologists to address current hypotheses about beta diversity patterns. Overall, these hypotheses are based on niche and neutral theory, accounting for the relative roles of environmental and spatial processes (or a combination of them) in shaping metacommunities. Recent studies have addressed these issues on a variety of spatial and temporal scales, habitats and taxonomic groups. Moreover, life history and functional traits of species such as dispersal abilities and rarity have begun to be considered in studies of beta diversity. In this article we briefly review some of these new tools and approaches developed in recent years, and illustrate them by using case studies in aquatic ecosystems.
publishDate 2011
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2011-09-01
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 10.1590/S2179-975X2012005000010
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Associação Brasileira de Limnologia
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Associação Brasileira de Limnologia
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia v.23 n.3 2011
reponame:Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia (Online)
instname:Associação Brasileira de Limnologia (ABL)
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repository.name.fl_str_mv Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia (Online) - Associação Brasileira de Limnologia (ABL)
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