Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2009 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria (Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2009000200005 |
Resumo: | OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of clozapine in flexible regime in comparison with haloperidol and chlorpromazine in long term. METHOD: The naturalistic study was prospective, active-controlled with 325 adult outpatients of both genders (140 females), with mean year age of 34.8 (range 21-57), suffering from chronic schizophrenia. The first onset of illness was at the mean of 27.9 years (range 17-38), and subjects had the mean year age of 4.1±0.5 previous relapses. The patients were allocated to receive haloperidol (105 subjects, dose range 2-15 mg), chlorpromazine (n=105, 100-400 mg) or clozapine (n=115, 75-600 mg). The scores of psychometric instruments (GWB, PANSS, CGI) were regularly assessed during 5 year period. RESULTS: The sixty-six responders were included in per-protocol analysis: 12, 10 and 16 with positive and 7, 6 and 15 with negative schizophrenic syndrome in haloperidol, chlorpromazine and clozapine group, respectively. The statistically significant differences in all psychometric scores was found, for both schizophrenic syndromes, favoring clozapine. The distribution of eighteen different types of adverse events, which we noted, were significantly different among treatment groups ( χ2=315.7, df=34, p<0.001). Clozapine was safer and had fewer adverse effects (average of 0.9 adverse events per patient) than haloperidol (2.7) and chlorpromazine (3.2). CONCLUSIONS: Clozapine, in low doses of flexible regime, in long term (five years) showed better effectiveness in chronic schizophrenics with positive and negative symptoms than typical antipsychotics. |
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Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year periodschizophreniaantipsychotics drugslong-term outcomesclinical practiceOBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of clozapine in flexible regime in comparison with haloperidol and chlorpromazine in long term. METHOD: The naturalistic study was prospective, active-controlled with 325 adult outpatients of both genders (140 females), with mean year age of 34.8 (range 21-57), suffering from chronic schizophrenia. The first onset of illness was at the mean of 27.9 years (range 17-38), and subjects had the mean year age of 4.1±0.5 previous relapses. The patients were allocated to receive haloperidol (105 subjects, dose range 2-15 mg), chlorpromazine (n=105, 100-400 mg) or clozapine (n=115, 75-600 mg). The scores of psychometric instruments (GWB, PANSS, CGI) were regularly assessed during 5 year period. RESULTS: The sixty-six responders were included in per-protocol analysis: 12, 10 and 16 with positive and 7, 6 and 15 with negative schizophrenic syndrome in haloperidol, chlorpromazine and clozapine group, respectively. The statistically significant differences in all psychometric scores was found, for both schizophrenic syndromes, favoring clozapine. The distribution of eighteen different types of adverse events, which we noted, were significantly different among treatment groups ( χ2=315.7, df=34, p<0.001). Clozapine was safer and had fewer adverse effects (average of 0.9 adverse events per patient) than haloperidol (2.7) and chlorpromazine (3.2). CONCLUSIONS: Clozapine, in low doses of flexible regime, in long term (five years) showed better effectiveness in chronic schizophrenics with positive and negative symptoms than typical antipsychotics.Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO2009-06-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2009000200005Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria v.67 n.2a 2009reponame:Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria (Online)instname:Academia Brasileira de Neurologiainstacron:ABNEURO10.1590/S0004-282X2009000200005info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessRavanic,Dragan B.Dejanovic,Slavica M. DjukicJanjic,VladimirJovic,Suzana D.Milovanovic,Dragan R.Jakovljevic,VladimirPantovic,VesnaRavanic,BorisPantovic,MajaPantovic,Mihailo M.eng2009-06-08T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S0004-282X2009000200005Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/anphttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||revista.arquivos@abneuro.org1678-42270004-282Xopendoar:2009-06-08T00:00Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria (Online) - Academia Brasileira de Neurologiafalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period |
title |
Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period |
spellingShingle |
Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period Ravanic,Dragan B. schizophrenia antipsychotics drugs long-term outcomes clinical practice |
title_short |
Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period |
title_full |
Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period |
title_fullStr |
Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period |
title_sort |
Effectiveness of clozapine, haloperidol and chlorpromazine in schizophrenia during a five-year period |
author |
Ravanic,Dragan B. |
author_facet |
Ravanic,Dragan B. Dejanovic,Slavica M. Djukic Janjic,Vladimir Jovic,Suzana D. Milovanovic,Dragan R. Jakovljevic,Vladimir Pantovic,Vesna Ravanic,Boris Pantovic,Maja Pantovic,Mihailo M. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Dejanovic,Slavica M. Djukic Janjic,Vladimir Jovic,Suzana D. Milovanovic,Dragan R. Jakovljevic,Vladimir Pantovic,Vesna Ravanic,Boris Pantovic,Maja Pantovic,Mihailo M. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ravanic,Dragan B. Dejanovic,Slavica M. Djukic Janjic,Vladimir Jovic,Suzana D. Milovanovic,Dragan R. Jakovljevic,Vladimir Pantovic,Vesna Ravanic,Boris Pantovic,Maja Pantovic,Mihailo M. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
schizophrenia antipsychotics drugs long-term outcomes clinical practice |
topic |
schizophrenia antipsychotics drugs long-term outcomes clinical practice |
description |
OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of low doses of clozapine in flexible regime in comparison with haloperidol and chlorpromazine in long term. METHOD: The naturalistic study was prospective, active-controlled with 325 adult outpatients of both genders (140 females), with mean year age of 34.8 (range 21-57), suffering from chronic schizophrenia. The first onset of illness was at the mean of 27.9 years (range 17-38), and subjects had the mean year age of 4.1±0.5 previous relapses. The patients were allocated to receive haloperidol (105 subjects, dose range 2-15 mg), chlorpromazine (n=105, 100-400 mg) or clozapine (n=115, 75-600 mg). The scores of psychometric instruments (GWB, PANSS, CGI) were regularly assessed during 5 year period. RESULTS: The sixty-six responders were included in per-protocol analysis: 12, 10 and 16 with positive and 7, 6 and 15 with negative schizophrenic syndrome in haloperidol, chlorpromazine and clozapine group, respectively. The statistically significant differences in all psychometric scores was found, for both schizophrenic syndromes, favoring clozapine. The distribution of eighteen different types of adverse events, which we noted, were significantly different among treatment groups ( χ2=315.7, df=34, p<0.001). Clozapine was safer and had fewer adverse effects (average of 0.9 adverse events per patient) than haloperidol (2.7) and chlorpromazine (3.2). CONCLUSIONS: Clozapine, in low doses of flexible regime, in long term (five years) showed better effectiveness in chronic schizophrenics with positive and negative symptoms than typical antipsychotics. |
publishDate |
2009 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2009-06-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2009000200005 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2009000200005 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/S0004-282X2009000200005 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria v.67 n.2a 2009 reponame:Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria (Online) instname:Academia Brasileira de Neurologia instacron:ABNEURO |
instname_str |
Academia Brasileira de Neurologia |
instacron_str |
ABNEURO |
institution |
ABNEURO |
reponame_str |
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria (Online) |
collection |
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria (Online) - Academia Brasileira de Neurologia |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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