Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA) |
Texto Completo: | https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/49107 |
Resumo: | Centre for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS) that is funded and supported by MCTI/ CNPq/ MS/ SCTIE/ Decit/ Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s GCE Brazil (OPP1142172), Wellcome Trust (202912/Z/16/Z), the Brazilian Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Bahia State, Research Support Foundation of the State of Bahia (FAPESB), the Research and Project Funding Agency (FINEP), and the Secretariat of Science and Technology of the State of Bahia (SECTI). Dr Paixão is a fellow supported by the Wellcome Trust (213589/Z/18/Z). |
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Silva, Natanael J.Silva, Rita C. RibeiroFerreira, Andrêa J. F.Teixeira, Camila S. S.Rocha, Aline S.Alves, Flávia Jôse O.Falcão, Ila R.Pinto, Elizabete J.Santos, Carlos Antônio S. T.Fiaccone, Rosemeire L.Ichihara, Maria Yury T.Paixão, Enny S.Barreto, Mauricio Lima2021-09-17T14:12:30Z2021-09-17T14:12:30Z2021SILVA, Natanael J. et al. Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients. medRxiv preprint, p. 1-21, 2021.https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4910710.1101/2021.05.14.21257204Centre for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS) that is funded and supported by MCTI/ CNPq/ MS/ SCTIE/ Decit/ Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s GCE Brazil (OPP1142172), Wellcome Trust (202912/Z/16/Z), the Brazilian Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Bahia State, Research Support Foundation of the State of Bahia (FAPESB), the Research and Project Funding Agency (FINEP), and the Secretariat of Science and Technology of the State of Bahia (SECTI). Dr Paixão is a fellow supported by the Wellcome Trust (213589/Z/18/Z).Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. School of Nutrition. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health, Salvador, BA, Brazil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health, Salvador, BA, Brazil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. School of Nutrition. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health, Salvador, BA, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia. Center for Health Sciences. Santo Antônio de Jesus, BA, Brazil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / State University of Feira de Santana. Department of Exact Sciences. Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Mathematics and Statistics. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Epidemiology and Population Health. London, UK.Rede CoVida. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil. / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health, Salvador, BA, Brazil.Objectives: To investigate the combined association of obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with severe COVID-19 outcomes in adult and elderly inpatients. Design: Cross-sectional study based on registry data from Brazil’s influenza surveillance system. Setting: Public and private hospitals across Brazil. Participants: Eligible population included 21,942 inpatients aged ≥20 years with positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 until Jun 9th, 2020. Main outcome measures: Severe COVID-19 outcomes were non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation use, ICU admission, and death.Multivariate analyses were conducted separately for adults (20-59 years) and elders (≥60 years) to test the combined association of obesity (without and with DM and/or CVD) and degrees of obesity with each outcome. Results: A sample of 8,848 adults and 12,925 elders were included. Among adults, obesity with DM and/or CVD showed higher prevalence of invasive (PR 3.76, 95%CI 2.82-5.01) and non-invasive mechanical ventilation use (2.06, 1.58-2.69), ICU admission (1.60, 1.40-1.83), and death (1.79, 1.45- 2.21) compared with the group without obesity, DM, and CVD. In elders, obesity alone (without DM and CVD) had the highest prevalence of ICU admission (1.40, 1.07-1.82) and death (1.67, 1.00-2.80). In both age groups, obesity alone and combined with DM and/or CVD showed higher prevalence in all outcomes than DM and/or CVD. A dose-response association was observed between obesity and death in adults: class I 1.32 (1.05-1.66), class II 1.41 (1.06-1.87), and class III 1.77 (1.35-2.33). Conclusions: The combined association of obesity, diabetes, and/or CVD with severe COVID-19 outcomes may be stronger in adults than in elders. Obesity alone and combined with DM and/or CVD had more impact on the risk of COVID-19 severity than DM and/or CVD in both age groups. The study also supports an independent relationship of obesity with severe outcomes, including a dose43 response association between degrees of obesity and death in adults.engBMJ Publishing GroupObesidadeCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2HospitalizaçãoMortalidadeObesityCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2HospitalizationMortalityCombined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatientsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA)instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)instacron:FIOCRUZLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-83097https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/49107/1/license.txt36b51ef91c52b5338d9d29ba0cc807bcMD51ORIGINALSilva, Natanael J. Combined....pdfSilva, Natanael J. Combined....pdfapplication/pdf535556https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/49107/2/Silva%2c%20Natanael%20J.%20Combined....pdfaad0a6d47a13f3568ad3ccc36dc15c54MD52icict/491072022-03-29 20:12:58.579oai:www.arca.fiocruz.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.arca.fiocruz.br/oai/requestrepositorio.arca@fiocruz.bropendoar:21352022-03-29T23:12:58Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients |
title |
Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients |
spellingShingle |
Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients Silva, Natanael J. Obesidade COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalização Mortalidade Obesity COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalization Mortality |
title_short |
Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients |
title_full |
Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients |
title_fullStr |
Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients |
title_full_unstemmed |
Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients |
title_sort |
Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 2 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients |
author |
Silva, Natanael J. |
author_facet |
Silva, Natanael J. Silva, Rita C. Ribeiro Ferreira, Andrêa J. F. Teixeira, Camila S. S. Rocha, Aline S. Alves, Flávia Jôse O. Falcão, Ila R. Pinto, Elizabete J. Santos, Carlos Antônio S. T. Fiaccone, Rosemeire L. Ichihara, Maria Yury T. Paixão, Enny S. Barreto, Mauricio Lima |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Silva, Rita C. Ribeiro Ferreira, Andrêa J. F. Teixeira, Camila S. S. Rocha, Aline S. Alves, Flávia Jôse O. Falcão, Ila R. Pinto, Elizabete J. Santos, Carlos Antônio S. T. Fiaccone, Rosemeire L. Ichihara, Maria Yury T. Paixão, Enny S. Barreto, Mauricio Lima |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Natanael J. Silva, Rita C. Ribeiro Ferreira, Andrêa J. F. Teixeira, Camila S. S. Rocha, Aline S. Alves, Flávia Jôse O. Falcão, Ila R. Pinto, Elizabete J. Santos, Carlos Antônio S. T. Fiaccone, Rosemeire L. Ichihara, Maria Yury T. Paixão, Enny S. Barreto, Mauricio Lima |
dc.subject.other.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Obesidade COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalização Mortalidade |
topic |
Obesidade COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalização Mortalidade Obesity COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalization Mortality |
dc.subject.en.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Obesity COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Hospitalization Mortality |
description |
Centre for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS) that is funded and supported by MCTI/ CNPq/ MS/ SCTIE/ Decit/ Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s GCE Brazil (OPP1142172), Wellcome Trust (202912/Z/16/Z), the Brazilian Health Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Bahia State, Research Support Foundation of the State of Bahia (FAPESB), the Research and Project Funding Agency (FINEP), and the Secretariat of Science and Technology of the State of Bahia (SECTI). Dr Paixão is a fellow supported by the Wellcome Trust (213589/Z/18/Z). |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2021-09-17T14:12:30Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2021-09-17T14:12:30Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2021 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SILVA, Natanael J. et al. Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients. medRxiv preprint, p. 1-21, 2021. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/49107 |
dc.identifier.doi.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
10.1101/2021.05.14.21257204 |
identifier_str_mv |
SILVA, Natanael J. et al. Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases 1 with severe COVID-19 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients. medRxiv preprint, p. 1-21, 2021. 10.1101/2021.05.14.21257204 |
url |
https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/49107 |
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eng |
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eng |
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BMJ Publishing Group |
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BMJ Publishing Group |
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