Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

• Autor(a) principal: Zhou, Bin
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: Costa, Maria Fernanda Furtado Lima, Peixoto, Sergio William Viana, NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Colaboradores diversos, no campo notas
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA)
• Texto Completo: https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/53444
• topic: hipertensão arterial

Bin Zhou (PhD; Imperial College London, UK); Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco (MD; Imperial College London, UK); Goodarz Danaei (ScD; Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, USA); Leanne M Riley (MSc; WHO, Switzerland); Prof Christopher J Paciorek (PhD; University of California, Berkeley, USA); Gretchen A Stevens (ScD; USA; Imperial College London, UK); Prof Edward W Gregg (PhD; Imperial College London, UK); James E Bennett (PhD; Imperial College London, UK); Bethlehem Solomon (MPH; Imperial College London, UK); Rosie K Singleton (MSc; Imperial College London, UK); Marisa K Sophiea (MSc; Imperial College London, UK); Maria LC Iurilli (MRes; Imperial College London, UK); Victor PF Lhoste (MSc; Imperial College London, UK); Melanie J Cowan (MPH; WHO, Switzerland); Stefan Savin (MPH; WHO, Switzerland); Prof Mark Woodward (PhD; University of New South Wales, Australia; Imperial College London, UK); Yulia Balanova (PhD; National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Russia); Prof Renata Cifkova (MD; Charles University, Czech Republic; Thomayer Hospital, Czech Republic); Prof Albertino Damasceno (PhD; Eduardo Mondlane University, Mozambique); Prof Paul Elliott (FMedSci; Imperial College London, UK); Prof Farshad Farzadfar (MD; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran); Prof Jiang He (MD; Tulane University, USA); Nayu Ikeda (PhD; National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Japan); Prof Andre P Kengne (PhD; South African Medical Research Council, South Africa); Prof Young-Ho Khang (MD; Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea); Prof Hyeon Chang Kim (MD; Yonsei University College of Medicine, South Korea); Prof Avula Laxmaiah (PhD; ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, India); Prof Hsien-Ho Lin (MD; National Taiwan University, Taiwan); Paula Margozzini Maira (MD; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile); Prof J Jaime Miranda (PhD; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru); Hannelore Neuhauser (PhD; Robert Koch Institute, Germany); Prof Johan Sundström (PhD; Uppsala University, Sweden); Cherian Varghese (MD; WHO, Switzerland); Indah S Widyahening (PhD; Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia); Prof Tomasz Zdrojewski (MD; Medical University of Gdansk, Poland); Prof Majid Ezzati (FMedSci; Imperial College London, UK; University of Ghana, Ghana). Country and regional data ( equal contribution; listed alphabetically)— Leandra Abarca-Gómez (Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, Costa Rica) ; Ziad A Abdeen (Al-Quds University, Palestine) ; Hanan F Abdul Rahim (Qatar University, Qatar) ; Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh (Birzeit University, Palestine) ; Benjamin Acosta-Cazares (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico) ; Robert J Adams (Flinders University, Australia) ; Wichai Aekplakorn (Mahidol University, Thailand) ; Kaosar Afsana (BRAC University, Bangladesh) ; Shoaib Afzal (University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark) ; Imelda A Agdeppa (Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Philippines) ; Javad Aghazadeh-Attari (Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas (Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico) ; Charles Agyemang (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) ; Noor Ani Ahmad (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) ; Ali Ahmadi (Modeling in Health Research Center, Iran) ; Naser Ahmadi (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Nastaran Ahmadi (Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Fariba Ahmadizar (Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands) ; Soheir H Ahmed (University of Oslo, Norway) ; Wolfgang Ahrens (Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Germany) ; Kamel Ajlouni (National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Jordan) ; Rajaa Al-Raddadi (King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia) ; Monira Alarouj (Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait) ; Fadia AlBuhairan (Aldara Hospital and Medical Center, Saudi Arabia) ; Shahla AlDhukair (King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Saudi Arabia) ; Mohamed M Ali (WHO, Switzerland) ; Abdullah Alkandari (Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait) ; Ala’a Alkerwi (Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg) ; Kristine Allin (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Eman Aly (WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Egypt) ; Deepak N Amarapurkar (Bombay Hospital and Medical Research Centre, India) ; Norbert Amougou (UMR CNRS-MNHN 7206, France) ; Philippe Amouyel (University of Lille, France; Lille University Hospital, France) ; Lars Bo Andersen (Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway) ; Sigmund A Anderssen (Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway) ; Ranjit Mohan Anjana (Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, India) ; Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam (Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Daniel Ansong (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana) ; Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri (National Institute of Public Health, Tunisia) ; Joana Araújo (Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Portugal) ; Inger Ariansen (Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway) ; Tahir Aris (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) ; Raphael E Arku (University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA) ; Nimmathota Arlappa (ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, India) ; Krishna K Aryal (Abt Associates, Nepal) ; Thor Aspelund (University of Iceland, Iceland) ; Felix K Assah (University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon) ; Maria Cecília F Assunção (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Juha Auvinen (University of Oulu, Finland; Oulu University Hospital, Finland) ; Mária Avdićová (Banska Bystrica Regional Authority of Public Health, Slovakia) ; Ana Azevedo (University of Porto Medical School, Portugal) ; Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad (Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Fereidoun Azizi (Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Iran) ; Mehrdad Azmin (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Bontha V Babu (Indian Council of Medical Research, India) ; Suhad Bahijri (King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia) ; Nagalla Balakrishna (ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, India) ; Yulia Balanova (National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Russia) ; Mohamed Bamoshmoosh (University of Science and Technology, Yemen) ; Maciej Banach (Medical University of Lodz, Poland) ; Maja Banadinović (University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Croatia) ; Piotr Bandosz (Medical University of Gdansk, Poland) ; José R Banegas (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid CIBERESP, Spain) ; Joanna Baran (University of Rzeszów, Poland) ; Carlo M Barbagallo (University of Palermo, Italy) ; Alberto Barceló (Pan American Health Organization, USA) ; Amina Barkat (Mohammed V University de Rabat, Morocco) ; Marta Barreto (National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Portugal; NOVA University Lisbon, Portugal) ; Aluisio JD Barros (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros (University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Anna Bartosiewicz (University of Rzeszów, Poland) ; Abdul Basit (Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Pakistan) ; Joao Luiz D Bastos (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil) ; Iqbal Bata (Dalhousie University, Canada) ; Anwar M Batieha (Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan) ; Assembekov Batyrbek (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan) ; Louise A Baur (University of Sydney, Australia) ; Robert Beaglehole (University of Auckland, New Zealand) ; Antonisamy Belavendra (Christian Medical College Vellore, India) ; Habiba Ben Romdhane (University Tunis El Manar, Tunisia) ; Mikhail Benet (Cafam University Foundation, Colombia) ; James E Bennett (Imperial College London, UK) ; Lowell S Benson (University of Utah School of Medicine, USA) ; Salim Berkinbayev (Kazakh National Medical University, Kazakhstan) ; Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru) ; Gailute Bernotiene (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Heloísa Bettiol (University of São Paulo, Brazil) ; Jorge Bezerra (University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Aroor Bhagyalaxmi (B J Medical College, India) ; Santosh K Bhargava (Sunder Lal Jain Hospital, India) ; Daniel Bia (Universidad de la República, Uruguay) ; Katia Biasch (University of Strasbourg, France) ; Elysée Claude Bika Lele (Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, Cameroon) ; Mukharram M Bikbov (Ufa Eye Research Institute, Russia) ; Bihungum Bista (Nepal Health Research Council, Nepal) ; Peter Bjerregaard (University of Southern Denmark, Denmark) ; Espen Bjertness (University of Oslo, Norway) ; Marius B Bjertness (University of Oslo, Norway) ; Cecilia Björkelund (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) ; Katia V Bloch (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) ; Anneke Blokstra (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands) ; Simona Bo (University of Turin, Italy) ; Martin Bobak (University College London, UK) ; Heiner Boeing (German Institute of Human Nutrition, Germany) ; ; Jose G Boggia (Universidad de la República, Uruguay) ; Carlos P Boissonnet (Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas, Argentina) ; Stig E Bojesen (Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Denmark) ; Marialaura Bonaccio (IRCCS Neuromed, Italy) Vanina Bongard (Toulouse University School of Medicine, France) ; Alice Bonilla-Vargas (Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, Costa Rica) ; Matthias Bopp (University of Zurich, Switzerland) ; Herman Borghs (University Hospital KU Leuven, Belgium) ; Pascal Bovet (Ministry of Health, Seychelles; Unisanté, Switzerland) ; Christopher B Boyer (Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, USA) ; Lutgart Braeckman (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Imperia Brajkovich (Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela) ; Francesco Branca (WHO, Switzerland) ; Juergen Breckenkamp (Bielefeld University, Germany) ; Hermann Brenner (German Cancer Research Center, Germany) ; Lizzy M Brewster (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) ; Yajaira Briceño (University of the Andres, Venezuela) ; Miguel Brito (Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal) ; Graziella Bruno (University of Turin, Italy) ; H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands) ; Gloria Bueno (University of Zaragoza, Spain) ; Anna Bugge (University College Copenhagen, Denmark) ; Con Burns (Munster Technological University, Ireland) ; Michael Bursztyn (Hadassah University Medical Center, Israel) ; Antonio Cabrera de León (Universidad de La Laguna, Spain) ; Joseph Cacciottolo (University of Malta, Malta) ; Christine Cameron (Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute, Canada) ; Günay Can (Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Turkey) ; Ana Paula C Cândido (Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brazil) ; Mario V Capanzana (Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Philippines) ; Naděžda Čapková (National Institute of Public Health, Czech Republic) ; Eduardo Capuano (Gaetano Fucito Hospital, Italy) ; Vincenzo Capuano (Gaetano Fucito Hospital, Italy) ; Viviane C Cardoso (University of São Paulo, Brazil) ; Axel C Carlsson (Karolinska Institutet, Sweden) ; Joana Carvalho (University of Porto, Portugal) ; Felipe F Casanueva (Santiago de Compostela University, Spain) ; Laura Censi (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Italy) ; Marvin Cervantes-Loaiza (Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, Costa Rica) ; Charalambos A Chadjigeorgiou (Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Cyprus) ; Snehalatha Chamukuttan (India Diabetes Research Foundation, India) ; Angelique W Chan (Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore) ; Queenie Chan (Imperial College London, UK) ; Himanshu K Chaturvedi (ICMR - National Institute of Medical Statistics, India) ; Nish Chaturvedi (University College London, UK) ; Miao Li Chee (Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore) ; Chien-Jen Chen (Academia Sinica, Taiwan) ; Fangfang Chen (Capital Institute of Pediatrics, China) ; Huashuai Chen (Duke University, USA) ; Shuohua Chen (Kailuan General Hospital, China) ; Zhengming Chen (University of Oxford, UK) ; Ching-Yu Cheng (Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore) ; Bahman Cheraghian (Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Imane Cherkaoui Dekkaki (Mohammed V University de Rabat, Morocco) ; Angela Chetrit (The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Israel) ; Kuo-Liong Chien (National Taiwan University, Taiwan) ; Arnaud Chiolero (University of Bern, Switzerland) ; Shu-Ti Chiou (Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan) ; Adela Chirita-Emandi (Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Romania) ; María-Dolores Chirlaque (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain) ; Belong Cho (Seoul National University, South Korea) ; Kaare Christensen (University of Southern Denmark, Denmark) ; Diego G Christofaro (Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil) ; Jerzy Chudek (Medical University of Silesia, Poland) ; Renata Cifkova (Charles University, Czech Republic; Thomayer Hospital, Czech Republic) ; Eliza Cinteza (Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania) ; Frank Claessens (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium) ; Janine Clarke (Statistics Canada, Canada) ; Els Clays (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Emmanuel Cohen (UMR CNRS-MNHN 7206, France) ; Hans Concin (Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Austria) ; Cyrus Cooper (University of Southampton, UK) ; Tara C Coppinger (Munster Technological University, Ireland) ; Simona Costanzo (IRCCS Neuromed, Italy) ; Dominique Cottel (Institut Pasteur de Lille, France) ; Chris Cowell (University of Sydney, Australia) ; Cora L Craig (Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute, Canada) ; Amelia C Crampin (Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, Malawi) ; Ana B Crujeiras (CIBEROBN, Spain) ; Juan J Cruz (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid CIBERESP, Spain) ; Semánová Csilla (University of Debrecen, Hungary) ; Liufu Cui (Kailuan General Hospital, China) ; Felipe V Cureau (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) ; Sarah Cuschieri (University of Malta, Malta) ; Graziella D’Arrigo (National Research Council, Italy) ; Eleonora d’Orsi (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil) ; Jean Dallongeville (Institut Pasteur de Lille, France) ; Albertino Damasceno (Eduardo Mondlane University, Mozambique) ; Goodarz Danaei (Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, USA) ; Rachel Dankner (The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Israel) ; Thomas M Dantoft (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Luc Dauchet (University of Lille, France; Lille University Hospital, France) ; Kairat Davletov (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan) ; Guy De Backer (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Dirk De Bacquer (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Amalia De Curtis (IRCCS Neuromed, Italy) ; Giovanni de Gaetano (IRCCS Neuromed, Italy) ; Stefaan De Henauw (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Paula Duarte de Oliveira (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; David De Ridder (Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland) ; Delphine De Smedt (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Mohan Deepa (Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, India) ; Alexander D Deev (National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Russia) ; Vincent Jr DeGennaro (Innovating Health International, Haiti) ; Hélène Delisle (University of Montreal, Canada) ; Stefaan Demarest (Sciensano, Belgium) ; Elaine Dennison (University of Southampton, UK) ; Valérie Deschamps (French Public Health Agency, France) ; Meghnath Dhimal (Nepal Health Research Council, Nepal) ; Augusto F Di Castelnuovo (Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Italy) ; Juvenal Soares Dias-da-Costa (Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Brazil) ; Alejandro Diaz (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Argentina) ; Ty T Dickerson (University of Utah School of Medicine, USA) ; Zivka Dika (University of Zagreb, Croatia) ; Shirin Djalalinia (Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Iran) ; Ha TP Do (National Institute of Nutrition, Vietnam) ; Annette J Dobson (University of Queensland, Australia) ; Maria Benedetta Donati (IRCCS Neuromed, Italy) ; Chiara Donfrancesco (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Italy) ; Silvana P Donoso (Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador) ; Angela Döring (Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany) ; Maria Dorobantu (Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania) ; Marcus Dörr (University Medicine Greifswald, Germany) ; Kouamelan Doua (Ministère de la Santé et de l’Hygiène Publique, Côte d’Ivoire) ; Nico Dragano (University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany) ; Wojciech Drygas (National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland; Medical University of Lodz, Poland) ; Charmaine A Duante (Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Philippines) ; Priscilla Duboz (IRL 3189 ESS, France) ; Rosemary B Duda (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA; Harvard Medical School, USA) ; Virginija Dulskiene (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Anar Dushpanova (Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Italy; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan) ; Aleksandar Džakula (University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Croatia) ; Vilnis Dzerve (University of Latvia, Latvia) ; Elzbieta DziankowskaZaborszczyk (Medical University of Lodz, Poland) ; Ricky Eddie (Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Solomon Islands) ; Ebrahim Eftekhar (Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Robert Eggertsen (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) ; Sareh Eghtesad (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Gabriele Eiben (University of Skövde, Sweden) ; Ulf Ekelund (Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway) ; Mohammad El-Khateeb (National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, Jordan) ; Jalila El Ati (National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunisia) ; Denise Eldemire-Shearer (The University of the West Indies, Jamaica) ; Marie Eliasen (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Paul Elliott (Imperial College London, UK) ; Roberto Elosua (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Spain; CIBERCV, Spain) ; Rajiv T Erasmus (University of Stellenbosch, South Africa) ; Raimund Erbel (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany) ; Cihangir Erem (Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey) ; Louise Eriksen (University of Southern Denmark, Denmark) ; Johan G Eriksson (University of Helsinki, Finland) ; Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico) ; Saeid Eslami (Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Ali Esmaeili (Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Alun Evans (Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) ; David Faeh (University of Zurich, Switzerland) ; Albina A Fakhretdinova (Ufa Eye Research Institute, Russia) ; Caroline H Fall (University of Southampton, UK) ; Elnaz Faramarzi (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Mojtaba Farjam (Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Farshad Farzadfar (NonCommunicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Mohammad Reza Fattahi (Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Asher Fawwad (Baqai Medical University, Pakistan) ; Francisco J Felix-Redondo (Centro de Salud Villanueva Norte, Spain) ; Stephan B Felix (University Medicine Greifswald, Germany) ; Trevor S Ferguson (The University of the West Indies, Jamaica) ; Romulo A Fernandes (Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil) ; Daniel Fernández-Bergés (Hospital Don Benito-Villanueva de la Serena, Spain) ; Daniel Ferrante (Ministry of Health, Argentina) ; Thomas Ferrao (Statistics Canada, Canada) ; Marika Ferrari (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Italy) ; Marco M Ferrario (University of Insubria, Italy) ; Catterina Ferreccio (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile) ; Haroldo S Ferreira (Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil) ; Eldridge Ferrer (Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Philippines) ; Jean Ferrieres (Toulouse University School of Medicine, France) ; Thamara Hubler Figueiró (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil) ; Günther Fink (Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Switzerland; University of Basel, Switzerland) ; Krista Fischer (University of Tartu, Estonia) ; Leng Huat Foo (Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia) ; Maria Forsner (Umeå University, Sweden) ; Heba M Fouad (WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Egypt) ; Damian K Francis (The University of the West Indies, Jamaica) ; Maria do Carmo Franco (Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil) ; Ruth Frikke-Schmidt (Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Denmark) ; Guillermo Frontera (Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Spain) ; Flavio D Fuchs (Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil) ; Sandra C Fuchs (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) ; Yuki Fujita (Kindai University, Japan) ; Matsuda Fumihiko (Kyoto University, Japan) ; Viktoriya Furdela (I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine) ; Ariel Furer (Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel) ; Takuro Furusawa (Kyoto University, Japan) ; Zbigniew Gaciong (Medical University of Warsaw, Poland) ; Andrzej Galbarczyk (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) ; Henrike Galenkamp (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) ; Fabio Galvano (University of Catania, Italy) ; Jingli Gao (Kailuan General Hospital, China) ; Pei Gao (Peking University, China ; Manoli Garcia-de-la-Hera (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain) ; Pablo Garcia (Wuqu’ Kawoq, Guatemala) ; Dickman Gareta (Africa Health Research Institute, South Africa) ; Sarah P Garnett (University of Sydney, Australia) ; Jean-Michel Gaspoz (Geneva University Medical School, Switzerland) ; Magda Gasull (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain) ; Andrea Gazzinelli (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil) ; Ulrike Gehring (Utrecht University, Netherlands) ; Johanna M Geleijnse (Wageningen University, Netherlands) ; Ronnie George (Medical Research Foundation, India) ; Ali Ghanbari (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Erfan Ghasemi (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea (Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania) ; Anup Ghimire (B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal) ; Alessandro Gialluisi (IRCCS Neuromed, Italy) ; Simona Giampaoli (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Italy) ; Francesco Gianfagna; (University of Insubria, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Italy) Christian Gieger (Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany) ; Tiffany K Gill (University of Adelaide, Australia) ; Jonathan Giovannelli (University of Lille, France; Lille University Hospital, France) ; Glen Gironella (Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Philippines) ; Aleksander Giwercman (Lund University, Sweden) ; Konstantinos Gkiouras (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) ; Marcel Goldberg (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, France; Paris University, France) ; Rebecca A Goldsmith (Ministry of Health, Israel) ; Luis F Gomez (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia) ; Aleksandra Gomula (PASs Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Poland) ; Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Helen Gonçalves (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Mauer Gonçalves (University Agostinho Neto, Angola) ; David A Gonzalez-Chica (University of Adelaide, Australia) ; Marcela Gonzalez-Gross (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain) ; Juan P González-Rivas (International Clinical Research Center, Czech Republic) ; Clicerio González-Villalpando (National Institute of Public Health, Mexico) ; María-Elena González-Villalpando (Centro de Estudios en Diabetes AC, Mexico) ; Angel R Gonzalez (Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) ; Mariano Bonet Gorbea (National Institute of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Cuba) ; Frederic Gottrand (University of Lille, France) ; Sidsel Graff-Iversen (Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway) ; Dušan Grafnetter (Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Czech Republic) ; Aneta Grajda (Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Poland) ; Maria G Grammatikopoulou (International Hellenic University, Greece) ; Ronald D Gregor (Dalhousie University, Canada) ; Tomasz Grodzicki (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) ; Giuseppe Grosso (University of Catania, Italy) ; Gabriella Gruden (University of Turin, Italy) ; Dongfeng Gu (National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, China) ; Ong Peng Guan (Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore) ; Elias F Gudmundsson (Icelandic Heart Association, Iceland) ; Vilmundur Gudnason (University of Iceland, Iceland) ; Ramiro Guerrero (Universidad Icesi, Colombia) ; Idris Guessous (Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland) ; Andre L Guimaraes (State University of Montes Claros, Brazil) ; Martin C Gulliford (King’s College London, UK) ; Johanna Gunnlaugsdottir (Icelandic Heart Association, Iceland) ; Marc J Gunter (International Agency for Research on Cancer, France) ; Prakash C Gupta (Healis-Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, India) ; Rajeev Gupta (Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute, India) ; Oye Gureje (University of Ibadan, Nigeria) ; Beata Gurzkowska (Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Poland) ; Laura Gutierrez (Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Argentina) ; Felix Gutzwiller (University of Zurich, Switzerland) ; Seongjun Ha (National Health Insurance Service, South Korea) ; Farzad Hadaegh (Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Iran) ; Rosa Haghshenas (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Hamid Hakimi (Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Jytte Halkjær (Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Denmark) ; Ian R Hambleton (The University of the West Indies, Barbados) ; Behrooz Hamzeh (Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Dominique Hange (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) ; Abu AM Hanif (BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, Bangladesh) ; Sari Hantunen (University of Eastern Finland, Finland) ; Jie Hao (Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, China) ; Carla Menêses Hardman (Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Rachakulla Hari Kumar (ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, India) ; Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri (Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Jun Hata (Kyushu University, Japan) ; Teresa Haugsgjerd (University of Bergen, Norway) ; Alison J Hayes (University of Sydney, Australia) ; Jiang He (Tulane University, USA) ; Yuna He (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China) ; Margit Heier (Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany) ; Marleen Elisabeth Hendriks (Joep Lange Institute, Netherlands) ; Rafael dos Santos Henrique (Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Ana Henriques (Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Portugal) ; Leticia Hernandez Cadena (National Institute of Public Health, Mexico) ; Herqutanto (Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia) ; Sauli Herrala (Oulu University Hospital, Finland) ; Ramin Heshmat (Chronic Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Allan G Hill (University of Southampton, UK) ; Sai Yin Ho (University of Hong Kong, China) ; Suzanne C Ho (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China) ; Michael Hobbs (University of Western Australia, Australia) ; Michelle Holdsworth (French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, France) ; Reza Homayounfar (Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Gonul Horasan Dinc (Celal Bayar University, Turkey) ; Andrea RVR Horimoto (University of São Paulo, Brazil) ; Claudia M Hormiga (Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Colombia) ; Bernardo L Horta (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Leila Houti (University Oran 1, Algeria) ; Christina Howitt (The University of the West Indies, Barbados) ; Thein Thein Htay (Independent Public Health Specialist, Myanmar) ; Aung Soe Htet (Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar) ; Maung Maung Than Htike (Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar) ; Yonghua Hu (Peking University, China) ; José María Huerta (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain) ; Ilpo Tapani Huhtaniemi (Imperial College London, UK) ; Laetitia Huiart (Santé publique France, Luxembourg) ; Martijn Huisman (VU University Medical Center, Netherlands) ; Abdullatif S Husseini (Birzeit University, Palestine) ; Inge Huybrechts (International Agency for Research on Cancer, France) ; Nahla Hwalla (American University of Beirut, Lebanon) ; Licia Iacoviello (IRCCS Neuromed, Italy; University of Insubria, Italy) ; Anna G Iannone (Gaetano Fucito Hospital, Italy) ; Mohsen M Ibrahim (Cairo University, Egypt) ; Norazizah Ibrahim Wong (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) ; Nayu Ikeda (National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Japan) ; M Arfan Ikram (Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands) ; Violeta Iotova (Medical University Varna, Bulgaria) ; Vilma E Irazola (Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Argentina) ; Takafumi Ishida (The University of Tokyo, Japan) ; Godsent C Isiguzo (Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria) ; Muhammad Islam (The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada) ; Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam (Deakin University, Australia) ; Masanori Iwasaki (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan) ; Rod T Jackson (University of Auckland, New Zealand) ; Jeremy M Jacobs (Hadassah University Medical Center, Israel) ; Hashem Y Jaddou (Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan) ; Tazeen Jafar (Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore) ; Kenneth James (The University of the West Indies, Jamaica) ; Konrad Jamrozik (University of Adelaide, Australia; deceased) ; Imre Janszky (Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway) ; Edward Janus (University of Melbourne, Australia) ; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin (Imperial College London, UK; University of Oulu, Finland) ; Grazyna Jasienska (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) ; Ana Jelaković (University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia) ; Bojan Jelaković (University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Croatia) ; Garry Jennings (Heart Foundation, Australia) ; Anjani Kumar Jha (Nepal Health Research Council, Nepal) ; Chao Qiang Jiang (Guangzhou 12th Hospital, China) ; Ramon O Jimenez (Universidad Eugenio Maria de Hostos, Dominican Republic) ; Karl-Heinz Jöckel (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany) ; Michel Joffres (Simon Fraser University, Canada) ; Mattias Johansson (International Agency for Research on Cancer, France) ; Jari J Jokelainen (Oulu University Hospital, Finland) ; Jost B Jonas (Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Switzerland) ; Torben Jørgensen (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Pradeep Joshi (WHO Country Office, India) ; Farahnaz Joukar (Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Jacek Jóźwiak (University of Opole, Poland) ; Anne Juolevi (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Gregor Jurak (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) ; Vesna Jureša (University of Zagreb, Croatia) ; Rudolf Kaaks (German Cancer Research Center, Germany) ; Anthony Kafatos (University of Crete, Greece) ; Eero O Kajantie (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Zhanna Kalmatayeva (Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan) ; Natasa Kalpourtzi (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece) ; Ofra Kalter-Leibovici (The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Israel) ; Freja B Kampmann (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Srinivasan Kannan (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, India) ; Eva Karaglani (Harokopio University, Greece) ; Line L Kårhus (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Khem B Karki (Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Nepal) ; Marzieh Katibeh (Aarhus University, Denmark) ; Joanne Katz (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA) ; Jussi Kauhanen (University of Eastern Finland, Finland) ; Prabhdeep Kaur (National Institute of Epidemiology, India) ; Maryam Kavousi (Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands) ; Gyulli M Kazakbaeva (Ufa Eye Research Institute, Russia) ; Ulrich Keil (University of Münster, Germany) ; Lital Keinan Boker (Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel) ; Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi (Oulu University Hospital, Finland) ; Roya Kelishadi (Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Iran) ; Han CG Kemper (Amsterdam UMC Public Health Research Institute, Netherlands) ; Andre P Kengne (South African Medical Research Council, South Africa) ; Maryam Keramati (Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Alina Kerimkulova (Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Kyrgyzstan) ; Mathilde Kersting (Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Germany) ; Timothy Key (University of Oxford, UK) ; Yousef Saleh Khader (Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan) ; Davood Khalili (Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Young-Ho Khang (Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea) ; Kay-Tee Khaw (University of Cambridge, UK) ; Bahareh Kheiri (Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Motahareh Kheradmand (Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Alireza Khosravi (Hypertension Research Center, Iran) ; Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer (Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria) ; Stefan Kiechl (Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; VASCage, Austria) ; Japhet Killewo (Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania) ; Dong Wook Kim (National Health Insurance Service, South Korea) ; Hyeon Chang Kim (Yonsei University College of Medicine, South Korea) ; Jeongseon Kim (National Cancer Center, South Korea) ; Heidi Klakk (University College South Denmark, Denmark) ; Magdalena Klimek (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) ; Jurate Klumbiene (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Michael Knoflach (Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria) ; Elin Kolle (Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway) ; Patrick Kolsteren (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Jukka P Kontto (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Raija Korpelainen (University of Oulu, Finland; Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation, Finland) ; Paul Korrovits (Tartu University Clinics, Estonia) ; Jelena Kos (University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia) ; Seppo Koskinen (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Katsuyasu Kouda (Kansai Medical University, Japan) ; Sudhir Kowlessur (Ministry of Health and Wellness, Mauritius) ; Slawomir Koziel (PASs Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Poland) ; Jana Kratenova (National Institute of Public Health, Czech Republic) ; Vilma Kriaucioniene (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Peter Lund Kristensen (University of Southern Denmark, Denmark) ; Steinar Krokstad (Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway) ; Daan Kromhout (University of Groningen, Netherlands) ; Herculina S Kruger (North-West University, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council, South Africa) ; Ruzena Kubinova (National Institute of Public Health, Czech Republic) ; Renata Kuciene (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Urho M Kujala (University of Jyväskylä, Finland) ; Zbigniew Kulaga (Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Poland) ; R Krishna Kumar (Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, India) ; Pawel Kurjata (National Institute of Cardiology, Poland) ; Yadlapalli S Kusuma (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India) ; Vladimir Kutsenko (National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Russia) ; Kari Kuulasmaa (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Catherine Kyobutungi (African Population and Health Research Center, Kenya) ; Tiina Laatikainen (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Carl Lachat (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Youcef Laid (Ministry of Health, Algeria) ; Tai Hing Lam (University of Hong Kong, China) ; Orlando Landrove (Ministerio de Salud Pública, Cuba) ; Vera Lanska (Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Czech Republic) ; Georg Lappas (Sahlgrenska Academy, Sweden) ; Bagher Larijani (Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Iran) ; Tint Swe Latt (University of Public Health, Myanmar) ; Avula Laxmaiah (ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, India) ; Gwenaëlle Le Coroller (Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg) ; Khanh Le Nguyen Bao (National Institute of Nutrition, Vietnam) ; Tuyen D Le (National Institute of Nutrition, Vietnam) ; Jeannette Lee (National University of Singapore, Singapore) ; Jeonghee Lee (National Cancer Center, South Korea) ; Nils Lehmann (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany) ; Terho Lehtimäki (Tampere University Hospital, Finland; Tampere University, Finland) ; Daniel Lemogoum (University of Douala, Cameroon) ; Naomi S Levitt (University of Cape Town, South Africa) ; Yanping Li (Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, USA) ; Christa L Lilly (West Virginia University, USA) ; Wei-Yen Lim (National University of Singapore, Singapore) ; M Fernanda Lima-Costa (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rene Rachou Research Institute, Brazil) ; Hsien-Ho Lin (National Taiwan University, Taiwan) ; Xu Lin (Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, China) ; Yi-Ting Lin (Uppsala University, Sweden) ; Lars Lind (Uppsala University, Sweden) ; Vijaya Lingam (Medical Research Foundation, India) ; Allan Linneberg (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Lauren Lissner (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) ; Mieczyslaw Litwin (Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Poland) ; Wei-Cheng Lo (Taipei Medical University, Taiwan) ; Helle-Mai Loit (National Institute for Health Development, Estonia) ; Esther Lopez-Garcia (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid CIBERESP, Spain) ; Tania Lopez (Universidad San Martín de Porres, Peru) ; Paulo A Lotufo (University of São Paulo, Brazil) ; José Eugenio Lozano (Consejería de Sanidad Junta de Castilla y León, Spain) ; Iva Lukačević Lovrenčić (University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Croatia) ; Janice L Lukrafka (Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Brazil) ; Dalia Luksiene (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Annamari Lundqvist (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Robert Lundqvist (Norrbotten County Council, Sweden) ; Nuno Lunet (University of Porto, Portugal) ; Michala Lustigová (Charles University, Czech Republic; National Institute of Public Health, Czech Republic) ; Edyta Luszczki (University of Rzeszów, Poland) ; Guansheng Ma (Peking University, China) ; Jun Ma (Peking University, China) ; George LL Machado-Coelho (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Brazil) ; Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues (University of Coimbra, Portugal) ; Enguerran Macia (IRL 3189 ESS, France) ; Luisa M Macieira (Coimbra University Hospital Center, Portugal) ; Ahmed A Madar (University of Oslo, Norway) ; Stefania Maggi (Institute of Neuroscience of the National Research Council, Italy) ; Dianna J Magliano (Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Australia) ; Emmanuella Magriplis (Agricultural University of Athens, Greece) ; Gowri Mahasampath (Christian Medical College Vellore, India) ; Bernard Maire (French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, France) ; Marjeta Majer (University of Zagreb, Croatia) ; Marcia Makdisse (Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Brazil) ; Fatemeh Malekzadeh (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Reza Malekzadeh (Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Rahul Malhotra (Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore) ; Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao (ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, India) ; Sofia K Malyutina (SB RAS Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russia) ; Lynell V Maniego (Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Philippines) ; Yannis Manios (Harokopio University, Greece) ; Jim I Mann (University of Otago, New Zealand) ; Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei (Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Enzo Manzato (University of Padua, Italy) ; Anie Marcil (Statistics Canada, Canada) ; Paula Margozzini (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile) ; Staffan B Mårild (Göteborg University, Sweden) ; Mihalea Marinović Glavić (University of Rijeka, Croatia) ; Pedro Marques-Vidal (Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Switzerland) ; Larissa Pruner Marques (Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Brazil) ; Jaume Marrugat (CIBERCV, Spain; Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Spain) ; Reynaldo Martorell (Emory University, USA) ; Luis P Mascarenhas (Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Brazil) ; Marija Matasin (University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia) ; Ellisiv B Mathiesen (UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway) ; Prashant Mathur (ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, India) ; Alicia Matijasevich (University of São Paulo, Brazil) ; Piotr Matlosz (University of Rzeszów, Poland) ; Tandi E Matsha (Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa) ; Christina Mavrogianni (Harokopio University, Greece) ; Jean Claude N Mbanya (University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon) ; Anselmo J Mc Donald Posso (Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama) ; Shelly R McFarlane (The University of the West Indies, Jamaica) ; Stephen T McGarvey (Brown University, USA) ; Stela McLachlan (University of Edinburgh, UK) ; Rachael M McLean (University of Otago, New Zealand) ; Scott B McLean (Statistics Canada, Canada) ; Breige A McNulty (University College Dublin, Ireland) ; Sounnia Mediene Benchekor (University Oran 1, Algeria) ; Jurate Medzioniene (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Parinaz Mehdipour (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Kirsten Mehlig (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) ; Amir Houshang Mehrparvar (Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Aline Meirhaeghe (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, France) ; Christa Meisinger (Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany) ; Carlos Mendoza Montano (Instituto de Nutrición de Centroamérica y Panamá, Guatemala) ; Ana Maria B Menezes (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Geetha R Menon (ICMR - National Institute of Medical Statistics, India) ; Alibek Mereke (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan) ; Indrapal I Meshram (ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, India) ; Andres Metspalu (University of Tartu, Estonia) ; Haakon E Meyer (University of Oslo, Norway) ; Jie Mi (Capital Institute of Pediatrics, China) ; Nathalie Michels (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Kairit Mikkel (University of Tartu, Estonia) ; Karolina Milkowska (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) ; Jody C Miller (University of Otago, New Zealand) ; Cláudia S Minderico (Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal) ; GK Mini (Women’s Social and Health Studies Foundation, India) ; J Jaime Miranda (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru) ; Mohammad Reza Mirjalili (Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Erkin Mirrakhimov (Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Kyrgyzstan) ; Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković (University of Zagreb, Croatia) ; Pietro A Modesti (Università degli Studi di Firenze, Italy) ; Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Bahram Mohajer (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Mostafa K Mohamed (Ain Shams University, Egypt) ; Shukri F Mohamed (African Population and Health Research Center, Kenya) ; Kazem Mohammad (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Mohammad Reza Mohammadi (Psychiatry and Psychology Research Canter, Iran) ; Zahra Mohammadi (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Noushin Mohammadifard (Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Iran) ; Reza Mohammadpourhodki (Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Viswanathan Mohan (Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, India) ; Salim Mohanna (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru) ; Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) ; Iraj Mohebbi (Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Farnam Mohebi (University of California, Berkeley, USA) ; Marie Moitry (University of Strasbourg, France; Strasbourg University Hospital, France) ; Line T Møllehave (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Dénes Molnár (University of Pécs, Hungary) ; Amirabbas Momenan (Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Charles K Mondo (Mulago Hospital, Uganda) ; Eric Monterrubio-Flores (National Institute of Public Health, Mexico) ; Kotsedi Daniel K Monyeki (University of Limpopo, South Africa) ; Jin Soo Moon (Seoul National University, South Korea) ; Mahmood Moosazadeh (Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Leila B Moreira (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) ; Alain Morejon (University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos, Cuba) ; Luis A Moreno (University of Zaragoza, Spain; CIBEROBN, Spain) ; Karen Morgan (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland) ; George Moschonis (La Trobe University, Australia) ; Malgorzata Mossakowska (International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Poland) ; Aya Mostafa (Ain Shams University, Egypt) ; Seyed-Ali Mostafavi (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Jorge Mota (University of Porto, Portugal) ; Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh (Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Jorge Motta (Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama) ; Marcos André Moura-dos-Santos (University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Malay K Mridha (BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, Bangladesh) ; Kelias P Msyamboza (WHO Country Office, Malawi) ; Thet Thet Mu (Department of Public Health, Myanmar) ; Alfa J Muhihi (Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania) ; Maria L Muiesan (University of Brescia, Italy) ; Martina Müller-Nurasyid (LudwigMaximilians-Universität München, Germany) ; Neil Murphy (International Agency for Research on Cancer, France) ; Jaakko Mursu (University of Eastern Finland, Finland) ; Kamarul Imran Musa (Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia) ; Sanja Musić Milanović (Croatian Institute of Public Health, Croatia; University of Zagreb, Croatia) ; Vera Musil (University of Zagreb, Croatia) ; Norlaila Mustafa (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia) ; Iraj Nabipour (Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Shohreh Naderimagham (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Gabriele Nagel (Ulm University, Germany) ; Balkish M Naidu (Department of Statistics, Malaysia) ; Farid Najafi (Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Harunobu Nakamura (Kobe University, Japan) ; Jana Námešná (Banska Bystrica Regional Authority of Public Health, Slovakia) ; Ei Ei K Nang (National University of Singapore, Singapore) ; Vinay B Nangia (Suraj Eye Institute, India) ; Sameer Narake (Healis-Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, India) ; Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, France) ; William A Neal (West Virginia University, USA) ; Azim Nejatizadeh (Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Ilona Nenko (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) ; Martin Neovius (Karolinska Institutet, Sweden) ; Hannelore K Neuhauser (Robert Koch Institute, Germany) ; Chung T Nguyen (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Vietnam) ; Nguyen D Nguyen (University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) ; Quang V Nguyen (National Hospital of Endocrinology, Vietnam) ; Quang Ngoc Nguyen (Hanoi Medical University, Vietnam) ; Ramfis E Nieto-Martínez (LifeDoc Health, USA) ; Teemu J Niiranen (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland; University of Turku, Finland) ; Yury P Nikitin (SB RAS Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russia) ; Toshiharu Ninomiya (Kyushu University, Japan) ; Sania Nishtar (Heartfile, Pakistan) ; Marina A Njelekela (Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science, Tanzania) ; Marianna Noale (Institute of Neuroscience of the National Research Council, Italy) ; Oscar A Noboa (Universidad de la República, Uruguay) ; Ahmad Ali Noorbala (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Teresa Norat (Imperial College London, UK) ; Maria Nordendahl (Umeå University, Sweden) ; Børge G Nordestgaard (Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Denmark) ; Davide Noto (University of Palermo, Italy) ; Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska (PASs Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Poland) ; Mohannad Al Nsour (Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Jordan) ; Baltazar Nunes (National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Portugal; NOVA University Lisbon, Portugal) ; Terence W O’Neill (University of Manchester, UK) ; Dermot O’Reilly (Queen’s University of Belfast, UK) ; Caleb Ochimana (Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, USA) ; Eiji Oda (Tachikawa General Hospital, Japan) ; Augustine N Odili (University of Abuja College of Health Sciences, Nigeria) ; Kyungwon Oh (Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, South Korea) ; Kumiko Ohara (Kindai University, Japan) ; Ryutaro Ohtsuka (Japan Wildlife Research Center, Japan) ; Valérie Olié (French Public Health Agency, France) ; Maria Teresa A Olinto (Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Brazil) ; Isabel O Oliveira (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Mohd Azahadi Omar (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) ; Altan Onat (Istanbul University, Turkey; deceased) ; Sok King Ong (Ministry of Health, Brunei) ; Lariane M Ono (Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil) ; Pedro Ordunez (Pan American Health Organization, USA) ; Rui Ornelas (University of Madeira, Portugal) ; Pedro J Ortiz (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru) ; Clive Osmond (University of Southampton, UK) ; Sergej M Ostojic (University of Novi Sad, Serbia) ; Afshin Ostovar (Osteoporosis Research Center, Iran) ; Johanna A Otero (Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Colombia) ; Kim Overvad (Aarhus University, Denmark) ; Ellis Owusu-Dabo (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana) ; Fred Michel Paccaud (UniSanté, Switzerland) ; Cristina Padez (University of Coimbra, Portugal) ; Elena Pahomova (University of Latvia, Latvia) ; Karina Mary de Paiva (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil) ; Andrzej Pająk (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) ; Domenico Palli (Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Italy) ; Luigi Palmieri (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Italy) ; Wen-Harn Pan (Academia Sinica, Taiwan) ; Songhomitra Panda-Jonas (Institute of Clinical and Scientific Ophthalmology and Acupuncture Jonas & Panda, Germany) ; Francesco Panza (IRCCS Ente Ospedaliero Specializzato in Gastroenterologia S. de Bellis, Italy) ; Mariela Paoli (University of the Andres, Venezuela) ; Dimitrios Papandreou (Zayed University, United Arab Emirates) ; Soon-Woo Park (Catholic University of Daegu, South Korea) ; Suyeon Park (Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, South Korea) ; Winsome R Parnell (University of Otago, New Zealand) ; Mahboubeh Parsaeian (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Patrick Pasquet (UMR CNRS-MNHN 7206, France) ; Nikhil D Patel (Jivandeep Hospital, India) ; Halyna Pavlyshyn (I Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine) ; Ivan Pećin (University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia) ; Mangesh S Pednekar (Healis-Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, India) ; João M Pedro (Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Angola, Angola) ; Nasheeta Peer (South African Medical Research Council, South Africa) ; Sergio Viana Peixoto (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rene Rachou Research Institute, Brazil) ; Markku Peltonen (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Alexandre C Pereira (University of São Paulo, Brazil) ; Karen GDA Peres (Griffith University, Australia) ; Marco A Peres (National Dental Care Centre Singapore, Singapore) ; Annette Peters (Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany) ; Janina Petkeviciene (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Niloofar Peykari (Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Iran) ; Son Thai Pham (Vietnam National Heart Institute, Vietnam) ; Rafael N Pichardo (Clínica de Medicina Avanzada Dr. Abel González, Dominican Republic) ; Iris Pigeot (Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Germany) ; Hynek Pikhart (University College London, UK) ; Aida Pilav (University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) ; Lorenza Pilotto (Cardiovascular Prevention Centre Udine, Italy) ; Freda Pitakaka (Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Solomon Islands) ; Aleksandra Piwonska (National Institute of Cardiology, Poland) ; Andreia n Pizarro (University of Porto, Portugal) ; Pedro Plans-Rubió (Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Spain) ; Ozren Polašek (University of Split, Croatia) ; Miquel Porta (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Spain) ; Anil Poudyal (Nepal Health Research Council, Nepal) ; Farhad Pourfarzi (Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Akram Pourshams (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Hossein Poustchi (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Rajendra Pradeepa (Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, India) ; Alison J Price (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK) ; Jacqueline F Price (University of Edinburgh, UK) ; Rui Providencia (University College London, UK) ; Soile E Puhakka (University of Oulu, Finland; Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation, Finland) ; Maria Puiu (Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Romania) ; Margus Punab (Tartu University Clinics, Estonia) ; Radwan F Qasrawi (Al-Quds University, Palestine) ; Mostafa Qorbani (Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Daniel Queiroz (Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Tran Quoc Bao (Ministry of Health, Vietnam) ; Ivana Radić (University of Novi Sad, Serbia) ; Ricardas Radisauskas (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Salar Rahimikazerooni (Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Mahfuzar Rahman (Pure Earth, Bangladesh) ; Olli Raitakari (University of Turku, Finland) ; Manu Raj (Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, India) ; Ellina M Rakhimova (Ufa Eye Research Institute, Russia) ; Sudha Ramachandra Rao (National Institute of Epidemiology, India) ; Ambady Ramachandran (India Diabetes Research Foundation, India) ; Elisabete Ramos (University of Porto Medical School, Portugal) ; Lekhraj Rampal (Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia) ; Sanjay Rampal (University of Malaya, Malaysia) ; Daniel A Rangel Reina (Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama) ; Vayia Rarra (Sotiria Hospital, Greece) ; Cassiano Ricardo Rech (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil) ; Josep Redon (University of Valencia, Spain) ; Paul Ferdinand M Reganit (University of the Philippines, Philippines) ; Valéria Regecová (Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia) ; Luis Revilla (Universidad San Martín de Porres, Peru) ; Abbas Rezaianzadeh (Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Robespierre Ribeiro (Minas Gerais State Secretariat for Health, Brazil; deceased) ; Elio Riboli (Imperial College London, UK) ; Adrian Richter (University Medicine Greifswald, Germany) ; Fernando Rigo (CS S. Agustín Ibsalut, Spain) ; Tobias F Rinke de Wit (Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Netherlands) ; Raphael M Ritti-Dias (Universidade Nove de Julho, Brazil) ; Cynthia Robitaille (Public Health Agency of Canada, Canada) ; Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid CIBERESP, Spain) ; María del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez (Canarian Health Service, Spain) ; Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar (Universidad Industrial de Santander, Colombia) ; Ulla Roggenbuck (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany) ; Rosalba Rojas-Martinez (National Institute of Public Health, Mexico) ; Dora Romaguera (CIBEROBN, Spain) ; Elisabetta L Romeo (Associazione Calabrese di Epatologia, Italy) ; Annika Rosengren (University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden) ; Joel GR Roy (Statistics Canada, Canada) ; Adolfo Rubinstein (Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Argentina) ; Jean-Bernard Ruidavets (Toulouse University School of Medicine, France) ; Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico) ; Maria Ruiz-Castell (Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg) ; Iuliia A Rusakova (Ufa Eye Research Institute, Russia) ; Paola Russo (National Research Council, Italy) ; Marcin Rutkowski (Medical University of Gdansk, Poland) ; Charumathi Sabanayagam (Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore) ; Hamideh Sabbaghi (Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Harshpal S Sachdev (Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, India) ; Alireza Sadjadi (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Ali Reza Safarpour (Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Sare Safi (Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Saeid Safiri (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Olfa Saidi (University Tunis El Manar, Tunisia) ; Sibel Sakarya (Koç University, Turkey) ; Nader Saki (Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Benoit Salanave (French Public Health Agency, France) ; Eduardo Salazar Martinez (National Institute of Public Health, Mexico) ; Diego Salmerón (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain) ; Veikko Salomaa (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Jukka T Salonen (University of Helsinki, Finland) ; Massimo Salvetti (University of Brescia, Italy) ; Jose Sánchez-Abanto (National Institute of Health, Peru) ; Susana Sans (Catalan Department of Health, Spain) ; Diana A Santos (Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal) ; Ina S Santos (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Lèlita C Santos (Coimbra University Hospital Center, Portugal) ; Maria Paula Santos (University of Porto, Portugal) ; Rute Santos (University of Porto, Portugal) ; Jouko L Saramies (South Karelia Social and Health Care District, Finland) ; Luis B Sardinha (Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal) ; Giselle Sarganas (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Germany; Robert Koch Institute, Germany) ; Nizal Sarrafzadegan (Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Iran) ; Thirunavukkarasu Sathish (McMaster University, Canada) ; Kai-Uwe Saum (German Cancer Research Center, Germany) ; Savvas Savva (Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Cyprus) ; Norie Sawada (National Cancer Center, Japan) ; Mariana Sbaraini (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) ; Marcia Scazufca (University of São Paulo Clinics Hospital, Brazil) ; Beatriz D Schaan (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) ; Herman Schargrodsky (Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina) ; Sabine Schipf (University Medicine Greifswald, Germany) ; Carsten O Schmidt (University Medicine Greifswald, Germany) ; Peter Schnohr (Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark) ; Ben Schöttker (German Cancer Research Center, Germany) ; Sara Schramm (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany) ; Constance Schultsz (Academic Medical Center of University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) ; Aletta E Schutte (University of New South Wales, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, Australia) ; Sylvain Sebert (University of Oulu, Finland) ; Aye Aye Sein (Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar) ; Abhijit Sen (Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway, Norway) ; Idowu O Senbanjo (Lagos State University College of Medicine, Nigeria) ; Sadaf G Sepanlou (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Jennifer Servais (Statistics Canada, Canada) ; Svetlana A Shalnova (National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Russia) ; Teresa Shamah-Levy (National Institute of Public Health, Mexico) ; Morteza Shamshirgaran (Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Coimbatore Subramaniam Shanthirani (Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, India) ; Maryam Sharafkhah (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Sanjib K Sharma (B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal) ; Jonathan E Shaw (Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Australia) ; Amaneh Shayanrad (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Ali Akbar Shayesteh (Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Zumin Shi (Qatar University, Qatar) ; Kenji Shibuya (King’s College London, UK) ; Hana Shimizu-Furusawa (Nippon Medical School, Japan) ; Dong Wook Shin (Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea) ; Majid Shirani (Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Rahman Shiri (Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland) ; Namuna Shrestha (Public Health Promotion and Development Organization, Nepal) ; Khairil Si-Ramlee (Ministry of Health, Brunei) ; Alfonso Siani (National Research Council, Italy) ; Rosalynn Siantar (Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore) ; Abla M Sibai (American University of Beirut, Lebanon) ; Caroline Ramos de Moura Silva (University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Diego Augusto Santos Silva (Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil) ; Mary Simon (India Diabetes Research Foundation, India) ; Judith Simons (St Vincent’s Hospital, Australia) ; Leon A Simons (University of New South Wales, Australia) ; Michael Sjöström (Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; deceased) ; Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer (Medical University of Lodz, Poland) ; Przemyslaw Slusarczyk (International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Poland) ; Liam Smeeth (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK) ; Hung-Kwan So (University of Hong Kong, China) ; Fernanda Cunha Soares (University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Eugène Sobngwi (University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon) ; Stefan Söderberg (Umeå University, Sweden) ; Agustinus Soemantri (Diponegoro University, Indonesia; deceased) ; Reecha Sofat (University College London, UK) ; Vincenzo Solfrizzi (University of Bari, Italy) ; Mohammad Hossein Somi (Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Emily Sonestedt (Lund University, Sweden) ; Yi Song (Peking University, China) ; Thorkild IA Sørensen (University of Copenhagen, Denmark) ; Elin P Sørgjerd (Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway) ; Maroje Sorić (University of Zagreb, Croatia) ; Charles Sossa Jérome (Institut Régional de Santé Publique, Benin) ; Aïcha Soumaré (University of Bordeaux, France) ; Bente Sparboe-Nilsen (Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway) ; Karen Sparrenberger (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) ; Jan A Staessen (University of Leuven, Belgium) ; Gregor Starc (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) ; Bill Stavreski (Heart Foundation, Australia) ; Jostein Steene-Johannessen (Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway) ; Peter Stehle (Bonn University, Germany) ; Aryeh D Stein (Emory University, USA) ; George S Stergiou (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece) ; Jochanan Stessman (Hadassah University Medical Center, Israel) ; Jutta Stieber (Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany; deceased) ; Doris Stöckl (Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany) ; Tanja Stocks (Lund University, Sweden) ; Jakub Stokwiszewski (National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Poland) ; Karien Stronks (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) ; Maria Wany Strufaldi (Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil) ; Machi Suka (The Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan) ; Chien-An Sun (Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan) ; Johan Sundström (Uppsala University, Sweden) ; Yn-Tz Sung (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China) ; Paibul Suriyawongpaisal (Mahidol University, Thailand) ; Rody G Sy (University of the Philippines, Philippines) ; Holly E Syddall (University of Southampton, UK) ; René Charles Sylva (National Statistical Office, Cape Verde) ; Moyses Szklo (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA) ; E Shyong Tai (National University of Singapore, Singapore) ; Mari-Liis Tammesoo (University of Tartu, Estonia) ; Abdonas Tamosiunas (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania) ; Eng Joo Tan (Deakin University, Australia) ; Xun Tang (Peking University, China) ; Frank Tanser (University of Lincoln, UK) ; Yong Tao (Peking University, China) ; Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh (Ministry of Health, Jordan) ; Carolina B Tarqui-Mamani (National Institute of Health, Peru) ; Anne Taylor (University of Adelaide, Australia) ; Julie Taylor (University College London, UK) ; William R Tebar (Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil) ; Grethe S Tell (University of Bergen, Norway) ; Tania Tello (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru) ; Yih Chung Tham (Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore) ; K R Thankappan (Central University of Kerala, India) ; Holger Theobald (Karolinska Institutet, Sweden) ; Xenophon Theodoridis (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) ; Lutgarde Thijs (University of Leuven, Belgium) ; Mikael Thinggaard (University of Southern Denmark, Denmark) ; Nihal Thomas (Christian Medical College Vellore, India) ; Barbara Thorand (Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany) ; Betina H Thuesen (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Erik J Timmermans (Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Netherlands) ; Dwi H Tjandrarini (National Institute of Health Research and Development, Indonesia) ; Anne Tjonneland (Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Denmark) ; Ulla Toft (Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark) ; Hanna K Tolonen (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Janne S Tolstrup (University of Southern Denmark, Denmark) ; Murat Topbas (Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey) ; Roman Topór-Madry (Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland) ; María José Tormo (Health Service of Murcia, Spain) ; Michael J Tornaritis (Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Cyprus) ; Maties Torrent (Institut d’Investigacio Sanitaria Illes Balears, Spain) ; Laura Torres-Collado (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Spain) ; Giota Touloumi (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece) ; Pierre Traissac (French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, France) ; Areti Triantafyllou (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) ; Dimitrios Trichopoulos (Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, USA; deceased) ; Antonia Trichopoulou (Hellenic Health Foundation, Greece) ; Oanh TH Trinh (University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) ; Atul Trivedi (Government Medical College, India) ; Lechaba Tshepo (Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, South Africa) ; Shoichiro Tsugane (National Cancer Center, Japan) ; Azaliia M Tuliakova (Ufa Eye Research Institute, Russia) ; Marshall K Tulloch-Reid (The University of the West Indies, Jamaica) ; Fikru Tullu (Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia) ; Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen (University of Eastern Finland, Finland) ; Jaakko Tuomilehto (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland) ; Maria L Turley (Ministry of Health, New Zealand) ; Gilad Twig (Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Israel) ; Per Tynelius (Karolinska Institutet, Sweden) ; Christophe Tzourio (University of Bordeaux, France) ; Peter Ueda (Karolinska Institutet, Sweden) ; Eunice Ugel (Universidad CentroOccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Venezuela) ; Hanno Ulmer (Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria) ; Hannu MT Uusitalo (University of Tampere Tays Eye Center, Finland) ; Gonzalo Valdivia (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile) ; Damaskini Valvi (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA) ; Rob M van Dam (National University of Singapore, Singapore) ; Bert-Jan van den Born (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) ; Johan Van der Heyden (Sciensano, Belgium) ; Yvonne T van der Schouw (Utrecht University, Netherlands) ; Koen Van Herck (Ghent University, Belgium) ; Hoang Van Minh (Hanoi University of Public Health, Vietnam) ; Natasja M Van Schoor (VU University Medical Center, Netherlands) ; Irene GM van Valkengoed (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) ; Elisabeth M van Zutphen (VU University Medical Center, Netherlands) ; Dirk Vanderschueren (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium) ; Diego Vanuzzo (Cardiovascular Prevention Centre Udine, Italy) ; Anette Varbo (Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Denmark) ; Senthil K Vasan (University of Southampton, UK) ; Tomas Vega (Consejería de Sanidad Junta de Castilla y León, Spain) ; Toomas Veidebaum (National Institute for Health Development, Estonia) ; Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil) ; Giovanni Veronesi (University of Insubria, Italy) ; WM Monique Verschuren (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands) ; Roosmarijn Verstraeten (Institute of Tropical Medicine, Belgium) ; Cesar G Victora (Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil) ; Lucie Viet (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands) ; Salvador Villalpando (National Institute of Public Health, Mexico) ; Paolo Vineis (Imperial College London, UK) ; Jesus Vioque (University Miguel Hernandez, Spain) ; Jyrki K Virtanen (University of Eastern Finland, Finland) ; Sophie Visvikis-Siest (Université de Lorraine, France) ; Bharathi Viswanathan (Ministry of Health, Seychelles) ; Tiina Vlasoff (North Karelia Center for Public Health, Finland) ; Peter Vollenweider (Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Switzerland) ; Ari Voutilainen (University of Eastern Finland, Finland) ; Alisha N Wade (University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa) ; Janette Walton (Munster Technological University, Ireland) ; Elvis OA Wambiya (African Population and Health Research Center, Kenya) ; Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar (Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia) ; Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud (Institute for Medical Research, Malaysia) ; Rildo de Souza Wanderley Júnior (University of Pernambuco, Brazil) ; Ming-Dong Wang (Public Health Agency of Canada, Canada) ; Ningli Wang (Capital Medical University Beijing Tongren Hospital, China) ; Qian Wang (Xinjiang Medical University, China) ; Xiangjun Wang (Shanghai Educational Development Co Ltd, China) ; Ya Xing Wang (Capital Medical University, China) ; Ying-Wei Wang (Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan) ; S Goya Wannamethee (University College London, UK) ; Nicholas Wareham (University of Cambridge, UK) ; Wenbin Wei (Capital Medical University, China) ; Aneta Weres (University of Rzeszów, Poland) ; Bo Werner (Örebro University, Sweden) ; Peter H Whincup (St George’s, University of London, UK) ; Kurt Widhalm (Medical University of Vienna, Austria) ; Indah S Widyahening (Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia) ; Andrzej Wiecek (Medical University of Silesia, Poland) ; Rainford J Wilks (The University of the West Indies, Jamaica) ; Johann Willeit (Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria) ; Peter Willeit (Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria) ; Emmanuel A Williams (Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana) ; Tom Wilsgaard (UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway) ; Bogdan Wojtyniak (National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Poland) ; Roy A Wong-McClure (Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, Costa Rica) ; Andrew Wong (University College London, UK) ; Tien Yin Wong (Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore) ; Jean Woo (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China) ; Mark Woodward (University of New South Wales, Australia; Imperial College London, UK) ; Frederick C Wu (University of Manchester, UK) ; Shouling Wu (Kailuan General Hospital, China) ; Justyna Wyszynska (University of Rzeszów, Poland) ; Haiquan Xu (Institute of Food and Nutrition Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China) ; Liang Xu (Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, China) ; Nor Azwany Yaacob (Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia) ; Weili Yan (Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, China) ; Ling Yang (University of Oxford, UK) ; Xiaoguang Yang (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China) ; Yang Yang (Shanghai Educational Development, China) ; Tabara Yasuharu (Kyoto University, Japan) ; Xingwang Ye (Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, China) ; Panayiotis K Yiallouros (University of Cyprus, Cyprus) ; Moein Yoosefi (Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Iran) ; Akihiro Yoshihara (Niigata University, Japan) ; San-Lin You (Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan) ; Novie O Younger-Coleman (The University of the West Indies, Jamaica) ; Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) ; Ahmad A Zainuddin (Ministry of Health, Malaysia) ; Seyed Rasoul Zakavi (Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Farhad Zamani (Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) ; Sabina Zambon (University of Padua, Italy) ; Antonis Zampelas (Agricultural University of Athens, Greece) ; Maria Elisa Zapata (Centro de Estudios sobre Nutrición Infantil, Argentina) ; Ko Ko Zaw (University of Public Health, Myanmar) ; Tomasz Zdrojewski (Medical University of Gdansk, Poland) ; Kristyna Zejglicova (National Institute of Public Health, Czech Republic) ; Tajana Zeljkovic Vrkic (University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia) ; Yi Zeng (Peking University, China; Duke University, USA) ; Luxia Zhang (Peking University First Hospital, China) ; Zhen-Yu Zhang (University of Leuven, Belgium) ; Dong Zhao (Capital Medical University Beijing An Zhen Hospital, China) ; Ming-Hui Zhao (Peking University First Hospital, China) ; Shiqi Zhen (Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China) ; Yingfeng Zheng (Sun Yatsen University, China) ; Bekbolat Zholdin (West Kazakhstan Medical University, Kazakhstan) ; Dan Zhu (Inner Mongolia Medical University, China) ; Marie Zins (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, France; Paris University, France) ; Emanuel Zitt (Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Austria) ; Yanina Zocalo (Universidad de la República, Uruguay) ; Nada Zoghlami (National Institute of Public Health, Tunisia) ; Julio Zuñiga Cisneros (Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama) .