Fatores prognósticos do derrame pleural neoplásico

• Autor(a) principal: Melo , Lucas Villar de
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/1437
• topic: Derrame pleural maligno; Doenças pleurais; Prognóstico; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Introduction: Cancer is the second most common cause of death in the world and in Brazil, followed only by cardiovascular diseases. Neoplastic pleural effusion is currently the second leading cause of exudative pleural effusions and usually occurs due to metastatic disease or primary malignant disease located in the pleura and which indicates incurability of the underlying disease. The earliest symptoms presented by patients include pleuritic pain and dyspnoea. Treatment should aim to relieve dyspnea in a minimally invasive manner and with the shortest possible hospital stay. The prognostic factors that determine survival in this pathology are of great relevance, since they can guide the appropriate management according to the vital capacity of these patients, enabling a better approach, aiming at an increase in the quality of life. Objective: Describe which factors determine prognosis in patients with neoplastic pleural effusion. Describe prognostic factors that affect survival and quality of life in these patients. Methods: Integrative, exploratory and descriptive bibliographic research, carried out on secondary sources of the topic under study. Data collection was carried out during the months of October and November 2020. Articles from the last 10 years (2010 - 2020), in English and Portuguese, were included. Results and Discussion: Survival was related to prognostic factors including the type of the primary tumor, the ECOG performance score, the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and the levels of lactic dehydrogenase in the pleural fluid. Leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia and hypoxemia have been associated with a significant reduction in postoperative survival in patients with malignant effusion. Final considerations: The knowledge of prognostic factors is of great relevance, since they are guides for the proper management of each patient, always with the objective of reducing hospital stay and complete resolution of symptoms in these patients.