Biofixação de gases de efeito estufa por microalgas

• Autor(a) principal: Andrade, Walquíria Letícia Biscaia de
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/2262
• topic: Biotecnologia Industrial; Poluição do ar; Chlorella vulgaris; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL

Air pollution is intensified by potentially polluting anthropogenic activities and impacts various sectors of society such as public health, the economy and the environment. From this, pollution treatment techniques are applied, however, they present some limitations, which results in the need to improve and develop new strategies. The aim of this research was to explore the biotechnological applications of microalgae and the integration in the processes of cultivation and production of bioproducts, as well as to evaluate the biotechnological potential of three species of microalgae for the biofixation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in different concentrations. Therefore, two chapters are presented: 1) chapter 1 presents a discussion about atmospheric treatment techniques, addressing the problems of air pollution, applied physical, chemical and biological treatment techniques, their main challenges and opportunities that can be exploited on the basis of biotechnology, for the production of bioproducts; 2) chapter 2 presents the technical paper on tolerance evaluation of three species of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris, Haematococcus pluvialis and Scenedesmus subspicatus) cultivated under four different concentrations of CO2 and NOx simultaneously, to GHGs biofixation and biomass reuse. From a theoretical context, it was possible to identify the main gaps related to the use of microalgae for the biofixation of GHGs and the need to expand biotechnological research aimed at the improvement and / or development of bioprocesses for the environmental treatment and obtaining of several products with high added value. Furthermore, it is necessary to explore the biological responses of cultivated species in nutrient recycling processes. In relation to microalgae species appraised, Chlorella vulgaris, Haematococcus pluvialis and Scenedesmus subspicatus showed tolerance to different concentrations of CO2 and NOx. The presented growth up was to 26% higher in the treatments with gas injection containing CO2 and NOx, which corroborates the hypothesis that they have potential for the GHGs biofixation.