Máquina de ensaio de tração uniaxial para borracha e tecidos biológicos moles.

• Autor(a) principal: Junior, Ivair Maione
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Silva, Jefferson Castro da, Fernandes, Paulo Victor Carvalho
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/1583
• topic: Biomecânica,; Ensaio de tração,; Borracha,; Corpos de prova.; 3.05.00.00-1 Engenharia Mecânica

It is known that the understanding of the properties and mechanical behavior of soft biological tissues represents a major contribution to the medical field, however, the tensile test machine does not meet the specific requirements of this material, given that these tissues present a series of very unique restrictions, behavior and test parameters. In addition, the process of acquiring samples is slow and difficult, so for the definition of the geometry of the specimens it was decided to use generalized rubber (natural / vulcanized) due to the similarity of properties and mechanical behavior with the soft biological tissue. Therefore, in order to subject these materials to tensile tests, it was decided to design a uniaxial tensile test equipment aimed at soft biological tissues and rubber that would provide satisfactory, reliable and valid results. The project was subdivided into manufacture and integration of mechanical and electronic components, calibration of the equipment via ISO 7500, definition of the test parameters and the specimen model used, bench experimentation through uniaxial tensile tests with 10 rubber samples and finally, the parallel of the results obtained based on the numerical simulation performed in CAE - Ansys software, in addition to performing the descriptive statistical analysis of the data such as standard deviation and standard error of the equipment and comparing the test results with the literature data. Thus, 1, 927 and 0.962 MPa were obtained from maximum and average stresses respectively and maximum and average deformations of 216.7% and 96.5% respectively for an average load of 109 N. These results are convincing if compared with the data of numerical simulation of 1.87 Mpa of medium stress and 76%, these results being relatively close, given that for the numerical simulation it provides approximate and reliable data. In the subsequent treatment of the data, it was possible to plot the stress x strain curve, observing that some samples showed typical rubber behavior and another less so. Therefore, it is concluded that the uniaxial tensile test equipment specific for rubbers / soft biological tissues has fulfilled its purpose of satisfying the particularities of these materials in addition to obtaining satisfactory results with the numerical analysis and with other data found in previous works, in this way, it can it is said that the equipment is valid and reliable.