Fatores associados à epidemiologia da esquistossomose em Minas Gerais: distribuição temporal e espacial entre 2007 e 2014

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, José de Paula
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/381
• topic: Promoção de saúde; Estudos ecológicos; Esquistossomose; Análise espacial; Análise multivariada; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

Introduction: The fields of action of Health Promotion highlight that health has interrelationships between the population and their environment and uses a socio-ecological approach to health. The use of Geographic Information Systems makes it possible to identify the characteristics of communities and their territories, which are important for decision-making. In Minas Gerais, some endemic parasitic diseases such as Schistosomiasis mansoni have recorded autochthonous cases since the 1950s, whose current average is 7515 notifications / year. Objective: to identify the factors associated with the epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Minas Gerais between 2007 and 2014, considering the social, environmental and health determinants; determine the spatial distribution, characterize the epidemiological profile, verify the existence of spatial autocorrelation, the association between incidence and socioeconomic and environmental factors and identify the factors that explain the variance of schistosomiasis in Minas Gerais. Materials and Methods: cases of The study area covers the municipalities of the state of Minas Gerais that presented notifications of schistosomiasis between the years 2007 to 2014. Secondary data are related to the variables: education, health, economy, infrastructure and sanitation, population and geography, HDI and were obtained from Atlas Brasil. The data for schistosomiasis notifications were obtained from the National Health System of the Ministry of Health. Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and Principal Component Analysis were performed, aiming to identify, respectively, possible clusters and the main factors related to schistosomiasis. Results and discussion: the occurrence of schistosomiasis cases has a higher incidence in the North and East of Minas Gerais. Municipalities with a high incidence of schistosomiasis have neighbors with the same characteristic, indicating an aggregated distribution of cases. The epidemiological profile indicates the highest occurrence in urban residents, male, between 20 and 39 years old and incomplete elementary school. The association between incidence and socioeconomic and environmental factors revealed a relationship between schistosomiasis, illiteracy, extreme poverty and the lack of running water. The Principal Component Analysis allowed to identify three factors that explained more than 76% of the variance, the first composed of variables related to health-social-economic-environmental indicators; the second composed by the sanitation factor, highlighting the variable sewage in river and, the third composed by the low altitude. Conclusion: it is concluded that schistosomiasis in Minas Gerais occurs in endemic areas, there is spatial autocorrelation between the municipalities of these regions, there are several factors correlated to its incidence, including low altitude, and sanitary sewage dumped in rivers and lakes. Prevention measures adopted so far have been ineffective for controlling the disease and new strategies for combating and transmitting are necessary to eradicate schistosomiasis.