Relação entre respiração bucal e apneia obstrutiva do sono: uma revisão integrativa

• Autor(a) principal: Costa , Roberto Botura
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/1460
• topic: Respiração bucal; Apneia obstrutiva do sono; Tonsila faríngea; Rinite; Tonsila palatina; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

The mouth breather syndrome (ORS) consists of a set of symptoms that compromise the physical and behavioral spheres of the human being. This violation of the usual breathing pattern has multifactorial causes and a high prevalence. The main etiological factors include adenoid hypertrophy (Htf), rhinitis and tonsil hypertrophy (Htp). There are some studies that prove the relationship between mouth breathing and sleep breathing disorders, however, it is difficult to combine all the causes of mouth breathing in a homogeneous group assuming that they involve the same clinical repercussions. The present study aims to report the association of mouth breathing with sleep breathing disorders and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, describing the correlation of these diseases within the main mouth breathing etiologies separately. It consists of an integrative literature review, using the SciELO and PubMed databases. The descriptors used were: “Respiração Bucal AND Sono”; “Tonsila faríngea AND sono”; “Rinite Alérgica AND Sono”; “Tonsilectomia AND Apneia Obstrutiva do sono”; “Mouth Breathing AND Sleep Apnea”; “Adenotonsillar hypertrophy AND Sleep apnea”. Articles published from the last 20 years (2000 to 2020) were selected that were related to the descriptors and had availability in Portuguese, English or Spanish. With the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 articles were selected, out of the 45 found. After the full reading, the articles were divided into 4 groups for better analysis and discussion: group 1 addressing the interaction of ORS in general with OSAS, group 2 addressing the etiology of adenotonsillar hypertrophy with OSAS, group 3 as the adenotonsillectomy surgery affects patients with OSAS and finally group 4 addressing the association of the etiology of rhinitis with OSAS. He concluded that most articles showed a positive association between ORS and OSAS, especially when mouth breathing is caused by Htf, Htp or the association between the two. As for rhinitis, the association with sleep-disordered breathing was evidenced, but, with OSAS itself, the literature still proved to be controversial.