Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/14050 |
Resumo: | Airborne fluorides are the most toxic of the common air pollutants to plants. Compounds such as hydrogen fluoride, silicon tetrafluoride, and fluosilicic acid are byproducts of the manufacture of aluminum, phosphate fertilizer, steel, glass, fluoroplastics, and of coal combustion, but there are also many other lesser sources. Fluoride is not only highly toxic but it also accumulates in the plant, especially in the foliage. Ingestion by herbivores can induce a dental and skeletal disease called "fluorosis" in many species. The fluoride accumulated in plants poses little danger to man because the amount of fluoride that might be ingested in the average diet would be relatively low compared with herbivores. Because most of the fluoride in plants accumulates in foliage, ingestion of stems, seeds and fruits, and roots should not increase fluoride significantly. During the course of inspecting vegetation at four aluminum smelters in Brazil in 1982, 1983 and 1986, more than 230 species of plants from tropical, semi-tropical, and temperate areas were ranked according to their relative susceptibility to fluoride, based upon the degree of foliar injury produced. This may not be a measure of yield response, however. Species are classified according to standard botanical nomenclature, along with the vernacular names used in Brazil and the U.S. |
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Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluorideSusceptibilidade da vegetação brasileira ao fluoreto da atmosferapollutants; hydrogen fluoride; silicon tetrafluoride; fluosilicic acid; "fluorosis"poluentes; tóxicos; fertilizantes fosfáticos; folhas; "fluorose"Airborne fluorides are the most toxic of the common air pollutants to plants. Compounds such as hydrogen fluoride, silicon tetrafluoride, and fluosilicic acid are byproducts of the manufacture of aluminum, phosphate fertilizer, steel, glass, fluoroplastics, and of coal combustion, but there are also many other lesser sources. Fluoride is not only highly toxic but it also accumulates in the plant, especially in the foliage. Ingestion by herbivores can induce a dental and skeletal disease called "fluorosis" in many species. The fluoride accumulated in plants poses little danger to man because the amount of fluoride that might be ingested in the average diet would be relatively low compared with herbivores. Because most of the fluoride in plants accumulates in foliage, ingestion of stems, seeds and fruits, and roots should not increase fluoride significantly. During the course of inspecting vegetation at four aluminum smelters in Brazil in 1982, 1983 and 1986, more than 230 species of plants from tropical, semi-tropical, and temperate areas were ranked according to their relative susceptibility to fluoride, based upon the degree of foliar injury produced. This may not be a measure of yield response, however. Species are classified according to standard botanical nomenclature, along with the vernacular names used in Brazil and the U.S. De todos os poluentes contidos na atmosfera, os fluoretos são os mais tóxicos para as plantas. Compostos tais como fluoreto de hidrogênio, tetrafluoreto de silicone e ácido fluossilícico são subprodutos usados na fabricação de alumínio, de fertilizantes fosfáticos, de aço, de vidro e de fluoroplásticos, e na combustão de carvão. Há muitas outras fontes de fluoreto, porém menos importantes. Além de ser altamente tóxico, o fluoreto se acumula nas folhas. Sua ingestão pelos animais herbívoros pode acarretar, em muitas espécies, a doença dos dentes e do esqueleto chamada "fluorose". Para o homem, a quantidade de fluoreto acumulado nas plantas apresenta menos perigo do que para os animais. A maior parte dele se encontra acumulado nas folhas; portanto, o consumo do caule, das sementes, dos frutos e das raízes não aumenta muito o fluoreto no organismo. No decurso de uma pesquisa de vegetação com visitas a quatro fundições de alumínio, no Brasil, em 1982, 83 e 86, mais de 230 espécies de plantas originárias de áreas tropicais, semitropicais e temperadas foram classificadas de acordo com sua relativa susceptibilidade ao fluoreto, com base no grau de danos causados nas folhas. Tal fato, contudo, não pode ser considerado como medida de desempenho de produção. As espécies são classificadas de acordo com a nomenclatura botânica padrão, juntamente com os nomes vernáculos usados no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Pesquisa Agropecuaria BrasileiraPesquisa Agropecuária BrasileiraWeinstein, Leonard H.Hansen, Karen S.2014-04-17info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/14050Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira; v.23, n.10, out. 1988; 1125-1137Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira; v.23, n.10, out. 1988; 1125-11371678-39210100-104xreponame:Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online)instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)instacron:EMBRAPAenghttps://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/14050/8037info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2014-09-18T18:01:12Zoai:ojs.seer.sct.embrapa.br:article/14050Revistahttp://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pabPRIhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phppab@sct.embrapa.br || sct.pab@embrapa.br1678-39210100-204Xopendoar:2014-09-18T18:01:12Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride Susceptibilidade da vegetação brasileira ao fluoreto da atmosfera |
title |
Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride |
spellingShingle |
Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride Weinstein, Leonard H. pollutants; hydrogen fluoride; silicon tetrafluoride; fluosilicic acid; "fluorosis" poluentes; tóxicos; fertilizantes fosfáticos; folhas; "fluorose" |
title_short |
Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride |
title_full |
Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride |
title_fullStr |
Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride |
title_full_unstemmed |
Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride |
title_sort |
Relative susceptibilities of Brazilian vegetation to airborne fluoride |
author |
Weinstein, Leonard H. |
author_facet |
Weinstein, Leonard H. Hansen, Karen S. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Hansen, Karen S. |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
|
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Weinstein, Leonard H. Hansen, Karen S. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
pollutants; hydrogen fluoride; silicon tetrafluoride; fluosilicic acid; "fluorosis" poluentes; tóxicos; fertilizantes fosfáticos; folhas; "fluorose" |
topic |
pollutants; hydrogen fluoride; silicon tetrafluoride; fluosilicic acid; "fluorosis" poluentes; tóxicos; fertilizantes fosfáticos; folhas; "fluorose" |
description |
Airborne fluorides are the most toxic of the common air pollutants to plants. Compounds such as hydrogen fluoride, silicon tetrafluoride, and fluosilicic acid are byproducts of the manufacture of aluminum, phosphate fertilizer, steel, glass, fluoroplastics, and of coal combustion, but there are also many other lesser sources. Fluoride is not only highly toxic but it also accumulates in the plant, especially in the foliage. Ingestion by herbivores can induce a dental and skeletal disease called "fluorosis" in many species. The fluoride accumulated in plants poses little danger to man because the amount of fluoride that might be ingested in the average diet would be relatively low compared with herbivores. Because most of the fluoride in plants accumulates in foliage, ingestion of stems, seeds and fruits, and roots should not increase fluoride significantly. During the course of inspecting vegetation at four aluminum smelters in Brazil in 1982, 1983 and 1986, more than 230 species of plants from tropical, semi-tropical, and temperate areas were ranked according to their relative susceptibility to fluoride, based upon the degree of foliar injury produced. This may not be a measure of yield response, however. Species are classified according to standard botanical nomenclature, along with the vernacular names used in Brazil and the U.S. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-04-17 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
|
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/14050 |
url |
https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/14050 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/14050/8037 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira; v.23, n.10, out. 1988; 1125-1137 Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira; v.23, n.10, out. 1988; 1125-1137 1678-3921 0100-104x reponame:Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) instacron:EMBRAPA |
instname_str |
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
instacron_str |
EMBRAPA |
institution |
EMBRAPA |
reponame_str |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) |
collection |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
pab@sct.embrapa.br || sct.pab@embrapa.br |
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