Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por eng |
Título da fonte: | Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/16299 |
Resumo: | An experiment was conducted to test copper, iron and zinc levels in pig diets formulated based on corn, soybean meal, minerals and vitamins. Feeds over gain ratio (Y) in the total experimental period was similar (P>0.05) for 125 and 250 ppm levels of copper (X) both differing from the level of 6 ppm. The linear effect (Y = 3.3165 - 0.0005325X) was significant with R2 = 0.78. The variance analysis for average daily gain did not show significative effects (P>0.05), but the regression analysis showed that the levels of copper (X) did influence on average daily gain (Y) according to the equation: Y = 555.06 + 0.42475X - 0.00178X2 with R2 = 0.99. The levels of 6, 125 and 250 ppm of copper in the ration showed a linear increase of copper storage in the liver, being respectively 74, 432 and 1306 ppm based on the dry matter. This increase of copper in the liver was responsible for a decrease of iron and an increase of zinc in the liver when the ration was treated with 250 ppm of copper. This iron decrease caused a microcitic hipocromic anemia, which explains the lower performance of the animals consuming diets with 250 ppm of copper. Based on the results and economicanalysis it was concluded that the level of 125 ppm of copper in the ration was responsible for a better performance of the animals without any risc of toxicity to them or even to man. |
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Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigsEfeitos do cobre, ferro e zinco na alimentação sobre o desempenho de suínos em crescimento e terminaçãominerals; microelements; hematology; carcass; growth promotor; additive; antimicrobiologicalsminerais; microelementos; hematologia; carcaça; promotor de crescimento; aditivos; antimicrobianosAn experiment was conducted to test copper, iron and zinc levels in pig diets formulated based on corn, soybean meal, minerals and vitamins. Feeds over gain ratio (Y) in the total experimental period was similar (P>0.05) for 125 and 250 ppm levels of copper (X) both differing from the level of 6 ppm. The linear effect (Y = 3.3165 - 0.0005325X) was significant with R2 = 0.78. The variance analysis for average daily gain did not show significative effects (P>0.05), but the regression analysis showed that the levels of copper (X) did influence on average daily gain (Y) according to the equation: Y = 555.06 + 0.42475X - 0.00178X2 with R2 = 0.99. The levels of 6, 125 and 250 ppm of copper in the ration showed a linear increase of copper storage in the liver, being respectively 74, 432 and 1306 ppm based on the dry matter. This increase of copper in the liver was responsible for a decrease of iron and an increase of zinc in the liver when the ration was treated with 250 ppm of copper. This iron decrease caused a microcitic hipocromic anemia, which explains the lower performance of the animals consuming diets with 250 ppm of copper. Based on the results and economicanalysis it was concluded that the level of 125 ppm of copper in the ration was responsible for a better performance of the animals without any risc of toxicity to them or even to man.Foi realizado um experimento testando níveis de cobre, feno e zinco em rações para suínos, formuladas com base em milho e farelo de soja, suplementadas com minerais e vitaminas. A conversão alimentar (Y) do período experimental total foi semelhante (P>0,05) nos níveis de cobre (X) de 125 e 250 ppm. Ambos diferiram do nível de 6 ppm de cobre, porém o efeito linear foi significativo (P<0,05), manifestado pela equação: Y = 3,3165 - 0,0005325X; com R2 = 0,78. A análise de variância para o ganho diário médio (GDM) não mostrou efeitos significativos (P>0,05), mas a análise de regressão revelou que os níveis de cobre (X) influem sobre o GDM (Y), de acordo com a equação: Y = 555,06 + 0,42475X - 0,00178X2, com R2 = 0,99. Os níveis de 6,125 e 250 ppm de cobre na ração levaram ao aumento linear do cobre no fígado, sendo respectivamente de 74, 432 e 1.306 ppm de cobre na matéria seca. Esse aumento do cobre hepático levou à diminuição do ferro e ao aumento do zinco hepático, no nível de 250 ppm de cobre na ração. A diminuição do feno no nível de 250 ppm de cobre ocasionou anemia microcítica hipocrômica, que explica o inferior desempenho no nível de 250 ppm de cobre. Com base nos resultados obtidos e na análise econômica, foi concluído que o nível de 125 ppm de cobre na ração proporcionou melhorias no desempenho dos animais, sem risco de intoxicação alimentar para os animais e para o homem.Pesquisa Agropecuaria BrasileiraPesquisa Agropecuária BrasileiraBellaver, ClaúdioGomes, Paulo CezarSobestiansky, JurijFialho, Elias TadeuBrito, M. A.V.P.Freitas, Alfredo Ribeiro deProtas, José Fernando2014-04-16info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/16299Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira; v.17, n.9, set. 1982; 1377-1388Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira; v.17, n.9, set. 1982; 1377-13881678-39210100-104xreponame:Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online)instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)instacron:EMBRAPAporenghttps://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/16299/10494https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/16299/10495info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2014-04-16T16:39:49Zoai:ojs.seer.sct.embrapa.br:article/16299Revistahttp://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pabPRIhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phppab@sct.embrapa.br || sct.pab@embrapa.br1678-39210100-204Xopendoar:2014-04-16T16:39:49Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs Efeitos do cobre, ferro e zinco na alimentação sobre o desempenho de suínos em crescimento e terminação |
title |
Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs |
spellingShingle |
Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs Bellaver, Claúdio minerals; microelements; hematology; carcass; growth promotor; additive; antimicrobiologicals minerais; microelementos; hematologia; carcaça; promotor de crescimento; aditivos; antimicrobianos |
title_short |
Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs |
title_full |
Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs |
title_fullStr |
Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs |
title_sort |
Effects of copper, iron and zinc in the ration on the performance of growing-finishing pigs |
author |
Bellaver, Claúdio |
author_facet |
Bellaver, Claúdio Gomes, Paulo Cezar Sobestiansky, Jurij Fialho, Elias Tadeu Brito, M. A.V.P. Freitas, Alfredo Ribeiro de Protas, José Fernando |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Gomes, Paulo Cezar Sobestiansky, Jurij Fialho, Elias Tadeu Brito, M. A.V.P. Freitas, Alfredo Ribeiro de Protas, José Fernando |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
|
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Bellaver, Claúdio Gomes, Paulo Cezar Sobestiansky, Jurij Fialho, Elias Tadeu Brito, M. A.V.P. Freitas, Alfredo Ribeiro de Protas, José Fernando |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
minerals; microelements; hematology; carcass; growth promotor; additive; antimicrobiologicals minerais; microelementos; hematologia; carcaça; promotor de crescimento; aditivos; antimicrobianos |
topic |
minerals; microelements; hematology; carcass; growth promotor; additive; antimicrobiologicals minerais; microelementos; hematologia; carcaça; promotor de crescimento; aditivos; antimicrobianos |
description |
An experiment was conducted to test copper, iron and zinc levels in pig diets formulated based on corn, soybean meal, minerals and vitamins. Feeds over gain ratio (Y) in the total experimental period was similar (P>0.05) for 125 and 250 ppm levels of copper (X) both differing from the level of 6 ppm. The linear effect (Y = 3.3165 - 0.0005325X) was significant with R2 = 0.78. The variance analysis for average daily gain did not show significative effects (P>0.05), but the regression analysis showed that the levels of copper (X) did influence on average daily gain (Y) according to the equation: Y = 555.06 + 0.42475X - 0.00178X2 with R2 = 0.99. The levels of 6, 125 and 250 ppm of copper in the ration showed a linear increase of copper storage in the liver, being respectively 74, 432 and 1306 ppm based on the dry matter. This increase of copper in the liver was responsible for a decrease of iron and an increase of zinc in the liver when the ration was treated with 250 ppm of copper. This iron decrease caused a microcitic hipocromic anemia, which explains the lower performance of the animals consuming diets with 250 ppm of copper. Based on the results and economicanalysis it was concluded that the level of 125 ppm of copper in the ration was responsible for a better performance of the animals without any risc of toxicity to them or even to man. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-04-16 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
|
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/16299 |
url |
https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/16299 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por eng |
language |
por eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/16299/10494 https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/16299/10495 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira; v.17, n.9, set. 1982; 1377-1388 Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira; v.17, n.9, set. 1982; 1377-1388 1678-3921 0100-104x reponame:Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) instacron:EMBRAPA |
instname_str |
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
instacron_str |
EMBRAPA |
institution |
EMBRAPA |
reponame_str |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) |
collection |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
pab@sct.embrapa.br || sct.pab@embrapa.br |
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1793416707576954880 |