Reduction of subsurface acidity in soil column

• Autor(a) principal: Chaves, Júlio C. D.
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Outros Autores: Pavan, Marcos A., Miyazawa, Mario
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/13891
• topic: Coffea arabica; liming; gypsum; roots; plant nutrition; Coffea arabica; calagem; gessagem; raiz; nutrição de plantas

A greenhouse experiment was conducted for a year with columns to evaluate the influence of subsurface acidity of a dystrophic Latosol Roxo (Oxisol), on the root and shoot growth of coffee. Experiment involved CaCO3 - surface, CaCO3 0 cm - 60 cm, CaCO3 0 cm - 30 cm, CaCO3 30 cm - 60 cm, MgCO3 30 cm - 60 cm, CaSO4 - surface and control. Low soil pH and high Al restricted root and shoot growth of coffee. Surface-applied lime was not efficient either reducing subsoil exchangeable Al or increasing Ca levels in the underlayers of soil. Liming at 0 cm - 30 cm, 0 cm - 60 cm and 30 cm - 60 cm deep, increased soil pH and exchangeable Ca and Mg and decreased exchangeable Al in the applied soil layer only. Gypsum increased the movement of Ca and reduced the exchangeable KCl-Al in the entire soil column. Liming increased N-mineralization and anions leaching and decreased heavy metals leaching. Gypsum increased anions and basic cations and decreased heavy metals leaching. Deep lime applications increased Ca uptake and decreased P, K and Mn uptake. The effects of treatments on shoot growth and leaf area were as following: CaCO3 - 0 cm - 60 cm > CaCO3 0 cm - 30 cm > CaSO4 - surface > CaCO3 - surface > CaCO330 cm - 60 cm = MgCO3 30 cm - 60 cm = control. Regarding root growth, the only difference was that CaSO4 - surface > > CaCO3 0 cm - 30 cm. It was found that gypsum improved deeper root growth as a consequence of the increased movement of Ca and reduction of exchangeable Al in the subsurface of soil.