Genome-wide analyses reveal the genetic architecture and candidate genes of indicine, taurine, synthetic crossbreds, and locally adapted cattle in Brazil.

• Autor(a) principal: VERARDO, L. L.
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: SILVA, F. F. e, MACHADO, M. A., PANETTO, J. C. do C., REIS, D. R. de L., OTTO, P. I., REGITANO, L. C. de A., SILVA, L. O. C. da, EGITO, A. A. do, ALBUQUERQUE, M. do S. M., ZANELLA, R., SILVA, M. V. G. B.
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice)
• Texto Completo: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1133730; https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.702822
• topic: Rusticidade; Rusticity; Bovino; Gado; Genética Animal; Genoma; Produção Leiteira; Comportamento Animal; Fertilidade Animal; Homozygosity; Population size; Linkage disequilibrium; Milk production; Animal behavior; Animal fertility

Cattle population history, breeding systems, and geographic subdivision may be reflected in runs of homozygosity (ROH), effective population size (Ne), and linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns. Thus, the assessment of this information has become essential to the implementation of genomic selection on purebred and crossbred cattle breeding programs. In this way, we assessed the genotype of 19 cattle breeds raised in Brazil belonging to taurine, indicine, synthetic crossbreds, and Iberian-derived locally adapted ancestries to evaluate the overall LD decay patterns, Ne, ROH, and breed composition. We were able to obtain a general overview of the genomic architecture of cattle breeds currently raised in Brazil and other tropical countries. We found that, among the evaluated breeds, different marker densities should be used to improve the genomic prediction accuracy and power of genome-wide association studies. Breeds showing low Ne values indicate a recent inbreeding, also reflected by the occurrence of longer ROH, which demand special attention in the matting schemes to avoid extensive inbreeding. Candidate genes (e.g., ABCA7, PENK, SPP1, IFNAR1, IFNAR2, SPEF2, PRLR, LRRTM1, and LRRTM4) located in the identified ROH islands were evaluated, highlighting biological processes involved with milk production, behavior, rusticity, and fertility. Furthermore, we were successful in obtaining the breed composition regarding the taurine and indicine composition using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data.