Economia comportamental: efeitos de framing e comparação entre tomadores e não tomadores de decisão

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Juan Carlos Peixoto
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
• Texto Completo: https://hdl.handle.net/10438/28744
• topic: Framing; Percepção; Tomada de decisão; Economia comportamental; Perception; Decision-making; Behavioral economics; Economia; Administração de empresas; Processo decisório; Empresários; Executivos; Economia - Aspectos psicológicos

Objective - This study aims to evaluate the influence of framing effects on the perception of alternatives in decision making. In addition, it seeks to compare the effect of this treatment on groups considered “decision makers” and “non-decision makers”. Methodology - The research has a 2x2 experimental design in which participants are divided into two groups “decision maker” and “non-decision maker”. On both are applied effects of equivalent frame manipulation, with positivist and negativist treatments. This result is then compared to ascertain dominance of one of the groups. Results - It has been shown that both groups are subject to equivalent framing effects on preference order consistency. Comparison between groups demonstrated a partial but not conclusive dominance of the “decision maker” group over its counterpart. Limitations - The main limitations of the research are as follow: the self-categorization of the samples, as it is not possible to confirm the prerequisites for this; the estimated impacts of groups, where only the position in the organization is determined, not its degree of relevance; the limited and controlled exposure to treatments, as it was not possible to apply this research in a realistic professional setting. Practical contributions - These results reinforce the inadequacy of the current economic models of rationality, suggesting the incorporation of behavioral factors in the prediction of decision making by individuals, especially those whose decisions have the greatest impact on society. Social Contributions - By identifying the presence of non-rational factors influencing decision-making, this work enables people and organizations to question themselves during such a process. It is believed that this self-reflection is fundamental for the reduction of errors arising from cognitive biases and for personal, and consequently, organizational improvement. Originality - To the knowledge of the researcher, this is the first study that makes comparisons between the groups approached individually, not organizationally.