O impacto da tecnologia da informação na geração de recursos competitivos nas empresas: uma abordagem baseada em estudos de casos

• Autor(a) principal: Rostock, Fernando Luiz Pires
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8543
• topic: Tecnologia da informação; Vantagem competitiva; Estratégia; Administração de empresas; Tecnologia da informação; Vantagem competitiva; Estratégia; Empresas - Automação

Just over 15 years ago many of the technologies that are now part of our life or began to appear, or even did not exist. We lived and did business without phones, or without electronic mail, and even more incredibly depending not on the Internet. The changes in this period were many and will surely continue to happen, leaving our generation on the 'old days.' This context, of course, also changed the day to day business - we live today in a business world much more complex than 15 years ago. Companies are now faced with a market with faster cycle times, a much more dynamic market, and in most cases also more competitive, especially if considering the competition from producers in distant countries that previously did not reach us. Over the years many companies have developed strategies widely supported by resources of the area of Information Technology as a means of achieving competitive advantage. In some cases these initiatives have served just to automate some of the organizational processes, comparing the efficiency of the company with some of its competitors, thus without generating advantage over the competition. In other cases these initiatives, in addition to improve the positioning of these companies in relation to certain performance criteria, could also leverage its product innovation and business processes. Throughout this paper we discuss various aspects of business that can influence the success of these initiatives, including integration with the business model and culture of the organization. This work also provides an initial proposal for the environmental review of Information Technology (IT) and business processes of a firm as valuable resources that are hard to be imitated by another organization, allowing the firm to establish and maintain a competitive advantage over the competition. This discussion will be based on the analysis of actual case studies, which show how certain organizational capabilities can influence the success of IT initiatives. Finally, the paper discusses also the result of IT investments when considering long time horizons, between 15 to 20 years. The proposal is to consider questions such as the maturity of technologies adopted and the maturity of established business models, and its possible impact over the years. This discussion is also supported by the analysis of selected case studies.