A provisão pública de ensino superior como mecanismo de seleção por habilidade: evidências para o Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Bacalhau, Priscilla Velloso da Silveira
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10925
• topic: Provisão pública de bens; Qualidade do ensino superior público; Decomposição do desempenho dos alunos; Economia; Ensino superior - Avaliação - Brasil; Universidades e faculdades particulares - Brasil; Universidades e faculdades públicas - Brasil; Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio

We investigate the aspects related with students segregation between the higher education provided by the public sector and that one which is offered by the private sector. Based on data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD/IBGE), we find evidence that an extra year on student's mother education affects positively the likelihood of students joining a public college (by the amount of 0.3 percentage point). About the quality of higher education, represented by the aggregate score over the course on the specific part of National Student Performance Exam (Enade), we find evidence of a better quality of the college that is publicly provided, in comparison to the private one: public institutions’ students have aggregate score greater in 6.17 points. Using the method of Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition for the score on the National Secondary Education Exam (Enem) of the first-year students, we find that only one third of the difference of -0.61 points between students from private and the public sector can be explained by the observable variables, while two-thirds of the difference would be associated with unobservable variables, such as the student’s ability. Thus, Enem’s score, net of the others observable variables, would represent the intrinsic characteristics of the student, including ability. If one uses the Enem's net score as an explanatory variable in the decomposition of Enade’s score of the undergraduate students, the result is that more than 90% of the gap between sectors could be explained by the observable variables, while the Enem’s score is the main determinant for explaining the score gap