Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 1998 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
Texto Completo: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02761998000500002 |
Resumo: | Evolutionary theory may contribute to practical solutions for control of disease by identifying interventions that may cause pathogens to evolve to reduced virulence. Theory predicts, for example, that pathogens transmitted by water or arthropod vectors should evolve to relatively high levels of virulence because such pathogens can gain the evolutionary benefits of relatively high levels of host exploitation while paying little price from host illness. The entrance of Vibrio cholerae into South America in 1991 has generated a natural experiment that allows testing of this idea by determining whether geographic and temporal variations in toxigenicity correspond to variation in the potential for waterborne transmission. Preliminary studies show such correspondences: toxigenicity is negatively associated with access to uncontaminated water in Brazil; and in Chile, where the potential for waterborne transmission is particularly low, toxigenicity of strains declined between 1991 and 1998. In theory vector-proofing of houses should be similarly associated with benignity of vectorborne pathogens, such as the agents of dengue, malaria, and Chagas' disease. These preliminary studies draw attention to the need for definitive prospective experiments to determine whether interventions such as provisioning of uncontaminated water and vector-proofing of houses cause evolutionary reductions in virulence |
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Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
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Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogensinfectious diseasescontrolpathogenswaterborne transmissionEvolutionary theory may contribute to practical solutions for control of disease by identifying interventions that may cause pathogens to evolve to reduced virulence. Theory predicts, for example, that pathogens transmitted by water or arthropod vectors should evolve to relatively high levels of virulence because such pathogens can gain the evolutionary benefits of relatively high levels of host exploitation while paying little price from host illness. The entrance of Vibrio cholerae into South America in 1991 has generated a natural experiment that allows testing of this idea by determining whether geographic and temporal variations in toxigenicity correspond to variation in the potential for waterborne transmission. Preliminary studies show such correspondences: toxigenicity is negatively associated with access to uncontaminated water in Brazil; and in Chile, where the potential for waterborne transmission is particularly low, toxigenicity of strains declined between 1991 and 1998. In theory vector-proofing of houses should be similarly associated with benignity of vectorborne pathogens, such as the agents of dengue, malaria, and Chagas' disease. These preliminary studies draw attention to the need for definitive prospective experiments to determine whether interventions such as provisioning of uncontaminated water and vector-proofing of houses cause evolutionary reductions in virulenceInstituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde1998-09-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02761998000500002Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz v.93 n.5 1998reponame:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruzinstname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruzinstacron:FIOCRUZ10.1590/S0074-02761998000500002info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessEwald,Paul WSussman,Jeremy BDistler,Matthew TLibel,CamilaChammas,Wahid PDirita,Victor JSalles,Carlos AndréVicente,Ana CarolinaHeitmann,IngridCabello,Felipeeng2020-04-25T17:47:54Zhttp://www.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php0074-02761678-8060opendoar:null2020-04-26 02:08:14.511Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fundação Oswaldo Cruztrue |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens |
title |
Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens |
spellingShingle |
Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens Ewald,Paul W infectious diseases control pathogens waterborne transmission |
title_short |
Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens |
title_full |
Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens |
title_fullStr |
Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens |
title_sort |
Evolutionary Control of Infectious Disease: Prospects for Vectorborne and Waterborne Pathogens |
author |
Ewald,Paul W |
author_facet |
Ewald,Paul W Sussman,Jeremy B Distler,Matthew T Libel,Camila Chammas,Wahid P Dirita,Victor J Salles,Carlos André Vicente,Ana Carolina Heitmann,Ingrid Cabello,Felipe |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Sussman,Jeremy B Distler,Matthew T Libel,Camila Chammas,Wahid P Dirita,Victor J Salles,Carlos André Vicente,Ana Carolina Heitmann,Ingrid Cabello,Felipe |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ewald,Paul W Sussman,Jeremy B Distler,Matthew T Libel,Camila Chammas,Wahid P Dirita,Victor J Salles,Carlos André Vicente,Ana Carolina Heitmann,Ingrid Cabello,Felipe |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
infectious diseases control pathogens waterborne transmission |
topic |
infectious diseases control pathogens waterborne transmission |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
Evolutionary theory may contribute to practical solutions for control of disease by identifying interventions that may cause pathogens to evolve to reduced virulence. Theory predicts, for example, that pathogens transmitted by water or arthropod vectors should evolve to relatively high levels of virulence because such pathogens can gain the evolutionary benefits of relatively high levels of host exploitation while paying little price from host illness. The entrance of Vibrio cholerae into South America in 1991 has generated a natural experiment that allows testing of this idea by determining whether geographic and temporal variations in toxigenicity correspond to variation in the potential for waterborne transmission. Preliminary studies show such correspondences: toxigenicity is negatively associated with access to uncontaminated water in Brazil; and in Chile, where the potential for waterborne transmission is particularly low, toxigenicity of strains declined between 1991 and 1998. In theory vector-proofing of houses should be similarly associated with benignity of vectorborne pathogens, such as the agents of dengue, malaria, and Chagas' disease. These preliminary studies draw attention to the need for definitive prospective experiments to determine whether interventions such as provisioning of uncontaminated water and vector-proofing of houses cause evolutionary reductions in virulence |
description |
Evolutionary theory may contribute to practical solutions for control of disease by identifying interventions that may cause pathogens to evolve to reduced virulence. Theory predicts, for example, that pathogens transmitted by water or arthropod vectors should evolve to relatively high levels of virulence because such pathogens can gain the evolutionary benefits of relatively high levels of host exploitation while paying little price from host illness. The entrance of Vibrio cholerae into South America in 1991 has generated a natural experiment that allows testing of this idea by determining whether geographic and temporal variations in toxigenicity correspond to variation in the potential for waterborne transmission. Preliminary studies show such correspondences: toxigenicity is negatively associated with access to uncontaminated water in Brazil; and in Chile, where the potential for waterborne transmission is particularly low, toxigenicity of strains declined between 1991 and 1998. In theory vector-proofing of houses should be similarly associated with benignity of vectorborne pathogens, such as the agents of dengue, malaria, and Chagas' disease. These preliminary studies draw attention to the need for definitive prospective experiments to determine whether interventions such as provisioning of uncontaminated water and vector-proofing of houses cause evolutionary reductions in virulence |
publishDate |
1998 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
1998-09-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02761998000500002 |
url |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02761998000500002 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/S0074-02761998000500002 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz v.93 n.5 1998 reponame:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz instacron:FIOCRUZ |
reponame_str |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
collection |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
instname_str |
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz |
instacron_str |
FIOCRUZ |
institution |
FIOCRUZ |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1669937673044754433 |