The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por eng |
Título da fonte: | Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
Texto Completo: | https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052 |
Resumo: | In November 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the negotiation of a convention, agreement, or other international instrument on the response to pandemics. In this essay we defend and justify the position that this new pact should be a human rights treaty, as an indispensable condition for the prevention of new pandemics and for efficiency of the global response when they occur. After briefly reviewing the origin of the negotiations, we present the principal normative contents that reflect a human rights approach: the establishment of the rule of inseparability between quarantine and social protection measures; regulation of access to pharmaceutical technologies. Next, in a section dedicated to the future treaty’s effectiveness, we classify the existing proposals as technocratic adjustments, such as alterations in the procedure for declaring emergencies; mechanisms of transparency and control such as the adoption of a mechanism of Universal Periodic Review (UPR), similar to that of the UN Human Rights Council, to monitor States’ health-related obligations; coercive powers to be granted to the WHO or another agency such as inspections in national territories by independent scientists; and mechanisms of political coordination such as the creation of a Global Health Threats Council. We conclude that there is a risk of adoption of a more efficient surveillance system to alert the developed world of threats coming from developing countries rather than a treaty capable of contributing to preventing more vulnerable populations from continuing to be devastated by increasingly frequent pandemics. |
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The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global healthLa propuesta de convención internacional sobre la respuesta a las pandemias: en defensa de un tratado de derechos humanos para el campo de la salud globalA proposta de convenção internacional sobre a resposta às pandemias: em defesa de um tratado de direitos humanos para o campo da saúde globalPandemicsWorld Health OrganizationHuman RightsGlobal HealthInternational LawPandemiasOrganização Mundial da SaúdeDireitos HumanosSaúde GlobalDireito InternacionalPandemias; Organización Mundial de la Salud; Derechos Humanos; Salud Global; Derecho InternacionalIn November 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the negotiation of a convention, agreement, or other international instrument on the response to pandemics. In this essay we defend and justify the position that this new pact should be a human rights treaty, as an indispensable condition for the prevention of new pandemics and for efficiency of the global response when they occur. After briefly reviewing the origin of the negotiations, we present the principal normative contents that reflect a human rights approach: the establishment of the rule of inseparability between quarantine and social protection measures; regulation of access to pharmaceutical technologies. Next, in a section dedicated to the future treaty’s effectiveness, we classify the existing proposals as technocratic adjustments, such as alterations in the procedure for declaring emergencies; mechanisms of transparency and control such as the adoption of a mechanism of Universal Periodic Review (UPR), similar to that of the UN Human Rights Council, to monitor States’ health-related obligations; coercive powers to be granted to the WHO or another agency such as inspections in national territories by independent scientists; and mechanisms of political coordination such as the creation of a Global Health Threats Council. We conclude that there is a risk of adoption of a more efficient surveillance system to alert the developed world of threats coming from developing countries rather than a treaty capable of contributing to preventing more vulnerable populations from continuing to be devastated by increasingly frequent pandemics.En noviembre de 2021, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) inició negociaciones de una convención, acuerdo u otro instrumento internacional sobre una respuesta a las pandemias. En este ensayo, defendemos y justificamos la tesis de que el nuevo pacto debe ser un tratado de derechos humanos, como condición indispensable para la prevención de nuevas pandemias y eficiencia de la respuesta global cuando se produzcan. Tras un breve recordatorio del origen de las negociaciones, presentamos los principales contenidos normativos que corresponden a un enfoque de derechos humanos: la institución de la regla de indisociabilidad entre medidas cuarentenarias y de protección social; y la regulación del acceso a tecnologías farmacéuticas. A continuación, en la sección dedicada al tema de la efectividad del futuro tratado, clasificamos las propuestas existentes en ajustes tecnocráticos, como alteraciones en el procedimiento de declaración de emergencias; mecanismos de transparencia y control, como por ejemplo la adopción de un mecanismo de Revisión Periódica Universal (RPU), similar al del Consejo de Derechos Humanos de las Naciones Unidas, para monitorear obligaciones de los Estados relacionados con la salud; poderes coercitivos que serían otorgados a la OMS o a otra agencia, tales como inspecciones en territorios nacionales, realizadas por científicos independientes; y mecanismos de coordinación política, como la creación de un Consejo Global de Amenazas a la Salud. Concluimos que existe riesgo de adopción de un sistema más eficiente de vigilancia para alertar al mundo desarrollado sobre amenazas oriundas de países en desarrollo, en lugar de un tratado capaz de contribuir para evitar que poblaciones más vulnerables continúen siendo devastadas por pandemias cada vez más frecuentes.Em novembro de 2021, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) deu início à negociação de uma convenção, acordo ou outro instrumento internacional sobre a resposta às pandemias. Neste ensaio, defendemos e justificamos a tese de que o novo pacto deve ser um tratado de direitos humanos, como condição indispensável para a prevenção de novas pandemias e eficiência da resposta global quando elas ocorrem. Após o breve resgate da origem das negociações, apresentamos os principais conteúdos normativos que correspondem a um enfoque de direitos humanos: a instituição da regra de indissociabilidade entre medidas quarentenárias e de proteção social; e a regulamentação do acesso a tecnologias farmacêuticas. A seguir, em seção dedicada ao tema da efetividade do futuro tratado, classificamos as propostas existentes em ajustes tecnocráticos, como alterações no procedimento de declaração de emergências; mecanismos de transparência e controle, a exemplo da adoção de um mecanismo de Revisão Periódica Universal (RPU), similar ao do Conselho de Direitos Humanos das Nações Unidas, para monitorar obrigações dos Estados relacionadas à saúde; poderes coercitivos que seriam outorgados à OMS ou outra agência, tais como inspeções nos territórios nacionais realizadas por cientistas independentes; e mecanismos de coordenação política, como a criação de um Conselho Global de Ameaças à Saúde. Concluímos que há risco de adoção de um sistema mais eficiente de vigilância para alertar o mundo desenvolvido sobre ameaças oriundas de países em desenvolvimento, em lugar de um tratado capaz de contribuir para evitar que populações mais vulneráveis continuem sendo devastadas por pandemias cada vez mais frequentes.Reports in Public HealthCadernos de Saúde Pública2022-01-07info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/xmlapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052Reports in Public Health; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2022): JanuaryCadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 38 n. 1 (2022): Janeiro1678-44640102-311Xreponame:Cadernos de Saúde Públicainstname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)instacron:FIOCRUZporenghttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052/19030https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052/19031https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052/19032Copyright (c) 2022 Cadernos de Saúde Públicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLeandro Luiz ViegasDeisy de Freitas Lima VenturaMiriam Ventura2024-03-06T15:30:20Zoai:ojs.teste-cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br:article/8052Revistahttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csphttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/oaicadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br1678-44640102-311Xopendoar:2024-03-06T13:09:14.314914Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)true |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health La propuesta de convención internacional sobre la respuesta a las pandemias: en defensa de un tratado de derechos humanos para el campo de la salud global A proposta de convenção internacional sobre a resposta às pandemias: em defesa de um tratado de direitos humanos para o campo da saúde global |
title |
The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health |
spellingShingle |
The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health Leandro Luiz Viegas Pandemics World Health Organization Human Rights Global Health International Law Pandemias Organização Mundial da Saúde Direitos Humanos Saúde Global Direito Internacional Pandemias; Organización Mundial de la Salud; Derechos Humanos; Salud Global; Derecho Internacional |
title_short |
The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health |
title_full |
The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health |
title_fullStr |
The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health |
title_full_unstemmed |
The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health |
title_sort |
The proposal for an international convention on the response to pandemics: in defense of a human rights treaty for global health |
author |
Leandro Luiz Viegas |
author_facet |
Leandro Luiz Viegas Deisy de Freitas Lima Ventura Miriam Ventura |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Deisy de Freitas Lima Ventura Miriam Ventura |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Leandro Luiz Viegas Deisy de Freitas Lima Ventura Miriam Ventura |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Pandemics World Health Organization Human Rights Global Health International Law Pandemias Organização Mundial da Saúde Direitos Humanos Saúde Global Direito Internacional Pandemias; Organización Mundial de la Salud; Derechos Humanos; Salud Global; Derecho Internacional |
topic |
Pandemics World Health Organization Human Rights Global Health International Law Pandemias Organização Mundial da Saúde Direitos Humanos Saúde Global Direito Internacional Pandemias; Organización Mundial de la Salud; Derechos Humanos; Salud Global; Derecho Internacional |
description |
In November 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the negotiation of a convention, agreement, or other international instrument on the response to pandemics. In this essay we defend and justify the position that this new pact should be a human rights treaty, as an indispensable condition for the prevention of new pandemics and for efficiency of the global response when they occur. After briefly reviewing the origin of the negotiations, we present the principal normative contents that reflect a human rights approach: the establishment of the rule of inseparability between quarantine and social protection measures; regulation of access to pharmaceutical technologies. Next, in a section dedicated to the future treaty’s effectiveness, we classify the existing proposals as technocratic adjustments, such as alterations in the procedure for declaring emergencies; mechanisms of transparency and control such as the adoption of a mechanism of Universal Periodic Review (UPR), similar to that of the UN Human Rights Council, to monitor States’ health-related obligations; coercive powers to be granted to the WHO or another agency such as inspections in national territories by independent scientists; and mechanisms of political coordination such as the creation of a Global Health Threats Council. We conclude that there is a risk of adoption of a more efficient surveillance system to alert the developed world of threats coming from developing countries rather than a treaty capable of contributing to preventing more vulnerable populations from continuing to be devastated by increasingly frequent pandemics. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-01-07 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052 |
url |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por eng |
language |
por eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052/19030 https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052/19031 https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8052/19032 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2022 Cadernos de Saúde Pública info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2022 Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
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text/xml application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2022): January Cadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 38 n. 1 (2022): Janeiro 1678-4464 0102-311X reponame:Cadernos de Saúde Pública instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) instacron:FIOCRUZ |
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
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FIOCRUZ |
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FIOCRUZ |
reponame_str |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
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Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
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Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
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cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br |
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1798943397302501376 |