Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 1997 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | spa |
Título da fonte: | Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
Texto Completo: | https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/959 |
Resumo: | This paper discusses health and working conditions of workers in the export-oriented "maquiladora" industry in Mexico. The work is intensive and performed mostly by women. It is the country's second largest source of foreign exchange. The "maquiladora" industry illustrates the effect of neoliberalism on working and health conditions, unveiling the impact of overall flexibilization of labor and growing technological changes. The situation for risks and demands is complex. Taylorist demands persist in work organization, with multiple chemical risks and probable effects beyond the workplace. There are also demands from repetition strain and uncomfortable positions. Effects on workers' health include high morbidity rates as reflected by demands on the social health/welfare services, some two to four times greater than for other industrial workers. There is a high percentage of stress-related illnesses as the reason for medical consultation. There are also effects on workers' families. Low birthweight is 2.8 times higher in women who work in the "maquila" than in other labor groups. Work-related accidents are common, the second most frequent cause for medical consultation in some cases. The analysis identifies some of the tendencies in which workers' health could be important in coming years for large contingents of workers. |
id |
FIOCRUZ-5_96c933cace83dabed6d6c84bad64d728 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:ojs.teste-cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br:article/959 |
network_acronym_str |
FIOCRUZ-5 |
network_name_str |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominadoSalud de los TrabajadoresCondiciónes del TrabajoSalud OcupacionalThis paper discusses health and working conditions of workers in the export-oriented "maquiladora" industry in Mexico. The work is intensive and performed mostly by women. It is the country's second largest source of foreign exchange. The "maquiladora" industry illustrates the effect of neoliberalism on working and health conditions, unveiling the impact of overall flexibilization of labor and growing technological changes. The situation for risks and demands is complex. Taylorist demands persist in work organization, with multiple chemical risks and probable effects beyond the workplace. There are also demands from repetition strain and uncomfortable positions. Effects on workers' health include high morbidity rates as reflected by demands on the social health/welfare services, some two to four times greater than for other industrial workers. There is a high percentage of stress-related illnesses as the reason for medical consultation. There are also effects on workers' families. Low birthweight is 2.8 times higher in women who work in the "maquila" than in other labor groups. Work-related accidents are common, the second most frequent cause for medical consultation in some cases. The analysis identifies some of the tendencies in which workers' health could be important in coming years for large contingents of workers.Se analizan las condiciones laborales y de salud de los trabajadores de la Industria Maquiladora de Exportación en México. Hace uso intensivo de la fuerza de trabajo mayoritariamente femenina,constituye la segunda fuente de divisas. Ilustra una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalimo respecto a condiciones de trabajo y salud, permite apreciar el impacto de la generalizada flexibilización laboral y del creciente cambio tecnológico. El panorama de los riesgos y exigencias es complejo. En la organización laboral persisten exigencias del taylorismo, los riesgos químicos son múltiples y con probables efectos que rebasan el ámbito laboral, también existen exigencias de trabajo repetitivo y posiciones incómodas. Las repercusiones en la salud muestran elevados índices de morbilidad por demanda en los servicios de seguridad social, entre 2 y 4 veces más altos que para otros trabajadores industriales. Padecimientos asociados al estrés ocupan elevado porcentaje entre los motivos de consulta. También se muestran repercusiones en las familias, el bajo peso al nacer de los hijos es un riesgo 2.8 veces mayor para obreras de la maquila respecto de otros grupos de trabajadoras. Los accidentes laborales alcanzan cifras elevada y llegando a ser la segunda causa de consulta en algunos casos. Este análisis permite identificar algunas tendencias que en la salud laboral pueden ser importantes en los próximos años para amplios grupos de trabajadores.Reports in Public HealthCadernos de Saúde Pública1997-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlapplication/pdfhttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/959Reports in Public Health; Vol. 13 No. 6 (1997): Supplement 2Cadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 13 n. 6 (1997): Suplemento 21678-44640102-311Xreponame:Cadernos de Saúde Públicainstname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)instacron:FIOCRUZspahttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/959/1908https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/959/1909Villegas, JorgeNoriega, MarianoMartínez, SusanaMartínez, Sandrainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-03-06T15:26:09Zoai:ojs.teste-cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br:article/959Revistahttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csphttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/oaicadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br1678-44640102-311Xopendoar:2024-03-06T13:01:10.365515Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)true |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado |
title |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado |
spellingShingle |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado Villegas, Jorge Salud de los Trabajadores Condiciónes del Trabajo Salud Ocupacional |
title_short |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado |
title_full |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado |
title_fullStr |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado |
title_full_unstemmed |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado |
title_sort |
Trabajo y salud en la industria maquiladora mexicana: una tendencia dominante en el neoliberalismo dominado |
author |
Villegas, Jorge |
author_facet |
Villegas, Jorge Noriega, Mariano Martínez, Susana Martínez, Sandra |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Noriega, Mariano Martínez, Susana Martínez, Sandra |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Villegas, Jorge Noriega, Mariano Martínez, Susana Martínez, Sandra |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Salud de los Trabajadores Condiciónes del Trabajo Salud Ocupacional |
topic |
Salud de los Trabajadores Condiciónes del Trabajo Salud Ocupacional |
description |
This paper discusses health and working conditions of workers in the export-oriented "maquiladora" industry in Mexico. The work is intensive and performed mostly by women. It is the country's second largest source of foreign exchange. The "maquiladora" industry illustrates the effect of neoliberalism on working and health conditions, unveiling the impact of overall flexibilization of labor and growing technological changes. The situation for risks and demands is complex. Taylorist demands persist in work organization, with multiple chemical risks and probable effects beyond the workplace. There are also demands from repetition strain and uncomfortable positions. Effects on workers' health include high morbidity rates as reflected by demands on the social health/welfare services, some two to four times greater than for other industrial workers. There is a high percentage of stress-related illnesses as the reason for medical consultation. There are also effects on workers' families. Low birthweight is 2.8 times higher in women who work in the "maquila" than in other labor groups. Work-related accidents are common, the second most frequent cause for medical consultation in some cases. The analysis identifies some of the tendencies in which workers' health could be important in coming years for large contingents of workers. |
publishDate |
1997 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
1997-01-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/959 |
url |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/959 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
spa |
language |
spa |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/959/1908 https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/959/1909 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health; Vol. 13 No. 6 (1997): Supplement 2 Cadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 13 n. 6 (1997): Suplemento 2 1678-4464 0102-311X reponame:Cadernos de Saúde Pública instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) instacron:FIOCRUZ |
instname_str |
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
instacron_str |
FIOCRUZ |
institution |
FIOCRUZ |
reponame_str |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
collection |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br |
_version_ |
1798943344834904064 |