Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng por |
Título da fonte: | Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
Texto Completo: | https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590 |
Resumo: | The lack of mass testing for COVID-19 diagnosis creates the need to determine the magnitude of the disease based on its clinical symptoms. The study aimed to analyze the profile of COVID-19 symptoms and related aspects in Brazil. The author analyzed the sample of participants from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD-COVID19) conducted in May 2020. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed with sociodemographic covariables and 11 symptoms reported by 346,181 individuals. Rao-Scott test and standardized residual analysis were used to measure the association with the pattern of health services use. Spatial scan analysis was performed to identify areas at risk of COVID-19 cases. LCA showed six classes of symptoms based on the pattern of answers by participants: (1) all the symptoms; (2) high prevalence of symptoms; (3) predominance of fever; (4) predominance of cough/sore throat; (5) mild symptoms with predominance of headache; and (6) absence of symptoms. Female sex, brown skin color, the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, and all three older age brackets showed stronger association with the class with all the symptoms (class 1). Most use of health services was also by this group of individuals, but with different profiles of use. Spatial analysis showed juxtaposition of this class with areas at greater risk of COVID-19. These finding underline the importance of investigating symptoms for the epidemiological identification of possible cases in a scenario with low population testing rates. |
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Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 surveyAnálises de classes latentes dos sintomas relacionados à COVID-19 no Brasil: resultados da PNAD-COVID19COVID-19Latent Class AnalysisPandemicsEpidemiological MonitoringCOVID-19Análise de Classes LatentesPandemiasMonitoramento EpidemiológicoThe lack of mass testing for COVID-19 diagnosis creates the need to determine the magnitude of the disease based on its clinical symptoms. The study aimed to analyze the profile of COVID-19 symptoms and related aspects in Brazil. The author analyzed the sample of participants from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD-COVID19) conducted in May 2020. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed with sociodemographic covariables and 11 symptoms reported by 346,181 individuals. Rao-Scott test and standardized residual analysis were used to measure the association with the pattern of health services use. Spatial scan analysis was performed to identify areas at risk of COVID-19 cases. LCA showed six classes of symptoms based on the pattern of answers by participants: (1) all the symptoms; (2) high prevalence of symptoms; (3) predominance of fever; (4) predominance of cough/sore throat; (5) mild symptoms with predominance of headache; and (6) absence of symptoms. Female sex, brown skin color, the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, and all three older age brackets showed stronger association with the class with all the symptoms (class 1). Most use of health services was also by this group of individuals, but with different profiles of use. Spatial analysis showed juxtaposition of this class with areas at greater risk of COVID-19. These finding underline the importance of investigating symptoms for the epidemiological identification of possible cases in a scenario with low population testing rates.La ausencia de pruebas masivas para el diagnóstico de la COVID-19 genera la necesidad de conocer la dimensión de la enfermedad mediante su sintomatología clínica. El objetivo fue investigar el perfil de síntomas relacionados con la COVID-19 y sus aspectos relacionados. Se analizó la muestra de participantes de la Encuesta Nacional por Muestra de Domicilios (PNAD-COVID19), realizada en mayo de 2020. Se efectuó el análisis de clases latentes (ACL) con covariables sociodemográficas sobre 11 síntomas mencionados por 346.181 individuos. Se utilizaron pruebas de Rao-Scott y análisis de residuos estandarizados para medir la asociación con el patrón de utilización de los servicios de salud. Se efectuó un análisis espacial de barrido para identificar las áreas de riesgo con casos de COVID-19. La ACL mostró seis clases de sintomatología, según el patrón de respuestas de los individuos analizados: (1) todos los síntomas; (2) prevalencia alta de los síntomas; (3) predominancia de fiebre; (4) predominancia de tos/dolor de garganta; (5) leves síntomas con predominancia de dolor de cabeza y; (6) ausencia de síntomas. Personas del sexo femenino, mestizos/mulatos, provenientes de las regiones Norte y Nordeste y en las tres franjas etarias más viejas presentaron una mayor asociación con la clase de todos los síntomas (clase 1). La mayoría de búsquedas de servicios también se realizó por parte de este grupo de individuos, aunque con distintos perfiles de uso. El análisis espacial mostró sobreposición de esta clase con áreas de mayor riesgo de casos de COVID-19. Estos hallazgos sostienen la importancia de la investigación de los síntomas, sirviendo para la identificación epidemiológica de posibles casos en un escenario con baja tasa de pruebas entre la población.A ausência de testagens em massa para o diagnóstico da COVID-19 gera a necessidade de conhecer a dimensão da doença por meio da sua sintomatologia clínica. O objetivo foi investigar o perfil de sintomas relacionados à COVID-19 e aspectos relacionados. Foi analisada a amostra de participantes da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD-COVID19) realizada em maio de 2020. Foi realizada análise de classes latentes (ACL) com covariáveis sociodemográficas sobre 11 sintomas relatados por 346.181 indivíduos. Foram utilizados testes de Rao-Scott e análise de resíduos padronizados para mensurar a associação com o padrão de utilização dos serviços de saúde. Análise espacial de varredura foi realizada para identificar as áreas de risco para os casos de COVID-19. A ACL mostrou seis classes de sintomatologia, segundo o padrão de respostas dos indivíduos analisados: (1) todos os sintomas; (2) prevalência alta dos sintomas; (3) predominância de febre; (4) predominância de tosse/dor de garganta; (5) leves sintomas com predominância de dor de cabeça e (6) ausência de sintomas. Pessoas do sexo feminino, cor parda, provenientes das regiões Norte e Nordeste e em todas as três faixas etárias mais velhas apresentaram maior associação com a classe com todos os sintomas (classe 1). A maioria da procura por serviços também foi realizada por esse grupo de indivíduos, porém com distintos perfis de uso. A análise espacial mostrou sobreposição dessa classe com áreas de maior risco de casos de COVID-19. Os achados sustentam a importância da investigação dos sintomas, servindo para a identificação epidemiológica de possíveis casos em um cenário com baixa taxa de testagem populacional.Reports in Public HealthCadernos de Saúde Pública2021-02-05info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmltext/htmlapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590Reports in Public Health; Vol. 37 No. 1 (2021): JanuaryCadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 37 n. 1 (2021): Janeiro1678-44640102-311Xreponame:Cadernos de Saúde Públicainstname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)instacron:FIOCRUZengporhttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590/16888https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590/16889https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590/16890https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590/16891Rafael da Silveira Moreirainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-03-06T15:30:02Zoai:ojs.teste-cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br:article/7590Revistahttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csphttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/oaicadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br1678-44640102-311Xopendoar:2024-03-06T13:08:44.150198Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)true |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey Análises de classes latentes dos sintomas relacionados à COVID-19 no Brasil: resultados da PNAD-COVID19 |
title |
Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey |
spellingShingle |
Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey Rafael da Silveira Moreira COVID-19 Latent Class Analysis Pandemics Epidemiological Monitoring COVID-19 Análise de Classes Latentes Pandemias Monitoramento Epidemiológico |
title_short |
Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey |
title_full |
Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey |
title_fullStr |
Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey |
title_full_unstemmed |
Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey |
title_sort |
Latent class analysis of COVID-19 symptoms in Brazil: results of the PNAD-COVID19 survey |
author |
Rafael da Silveira Moreira |
author_facet |
Rafael da Silveira Moreira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Rafael da Silveira Moreira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
COVID-19 Latent Class Analysis Pandemics Epidemiological Monitoring COVID-19 Análise de Classes Latentes Pandemias Monitoramento Epidemiológico |
topic |
COVID-19 Latent Class Analysis Pandemics Epidemiological Monitoring COVID-19 Análise de Classes Latentes Pandemias Monitoramento Epidemiológico |
description |
The lack of mass testing for COVID-19 diagnosis creates the need to determine the magnitude of the disease based on its clinical symptoms. The study aimed to analyze the profile of COVID-19 symptoms and related aspects in Brazil. The author analyzed the sample of participants from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (PNAD-COVID19) conducted in May 2020. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed with sociodemographic covariables and 11 symptoms reported by 346,181 individuals. Rao-Scott test and standardized residual analysis were used to measure the association with the pattern of health services use. Spatial scan analysis was performed to identify areas at risk of COVID-19 cases. LCA showed six classes of symptoms based on the pattern of answers by participants: (1) all the symptoms; (2) high prevalence of symptoms; (3) predominance of fever; (4) predominance of cough/sore throat; (5) mild symptoms with predominance of headache; and (6) absence of symptoms. Female sex, brown skin color, the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, and all three older age brackets showed stronger association with the class with all the symptoms (class 1). Most use of health services was also by this group of individuals, but with different profiles of use. Spatial analysis showed juxtaposition of this class with areas at greater risk of COVID-19. These finding underline the importance of investigating symptoms for the epidemiological identification of possible cases in a scenario with low population testing rates. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-02-05 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590 |
url |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng por |
language |
eng por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590/16888 https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590/16889 https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590/16890 https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7590/16891 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html text/html application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health; Vol. 37 No. 1 (2021): January Cadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 37 n. 1 (2021): Janeiro 1678-4464 0102-311X reponame:Cadernos de Saúde Pública instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) instacron:FIOCRUZ |
instname_str |
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
instacron_str |
FIOCRUZ |
institution |
FIOCRUZ |
reponame_str |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
collection |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br |
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1798943393264435200 |