Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
Texto Completo: | https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8029 |
Resumo: | We aim to describe the role of educational inequalities, for sex and age groups, in adult tuberculosis (TB) mortality in Colombia, 1999-2017. We linked mortality data to data estimation of the national population based on censuses and surveys to obtain primary, secondary, and tertiary adult (25+ years of age) age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) by educational level. Thus, a population-based study was conducted using national secondary mortality data between 1999 and 2017. Tuberculosis age-standardized mortality rates were calculated separately by educational level, sex, and age groups, using Poisson regression models. Educational relative inequalities in adult mortality were evaluated by calculating the rate ratio, and the relative index of inequality (RII). Trends and joinpoints were evaluated by annual percentage change (APC). We found that, out of the 19,720 TB deaths reported, 69% occurred in men, and 45% in older adults (men and women, aged 65+). Men presented higher TB mortality rates than women (ASMR men = 7.1/100,000 inhabitants, ASMR women = 2.7/100,000 inhabitants). As mortality was consistently higher in the lowest educational level for both sexes and all age groups, inequalities in TB mortality were found to be high (RII = 9.7 and 13.4 among men and women, respectively) and growing at an annual rate of 8% and 1%. High and increasing inequalities, regarding educational level, in TB mortality in Colombia suggest the need to comprehensively address strategies for reducing TB by considering social determinants and including health education strategies throughout the country. |
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Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reductionTuberculosisMortalitySocioeconomic FactorsWe aim to describe the role of educational inequalities, for sex and age groups, in adult tuberculosis (TB) mortality in Colombia, 1999-2017. We linked mortality data to data estimation of the national population based on censuses and surveys to obtain primary, secondary, and tertiary adult (25+ years of age) age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) by educational level. Thus, a population-based study was conducted using national secondary mortality data between 1999 and 2017. Tuberculosis age-standardized mortality rates were calculated separately by educational level, sex, and age groups, using Poisson regression models. Educational relative inequalities in adult mortality were evaluated by calculating the rate ratio, and the relative index of inequality (RII). Trends and joinpoints were evaluated by annual percentage change (APC). We found that, out of the 19,720 TB deaths reported, 69% occurred in men, and 45% in older adults (men and women, aged 65+). Men presented higher TB mortality rates than women (ASMR men = 7.1/100,000 inhabitants, ASMR women = 2.7/100,000 inhabitants). As mortality was consistently higher in the lowest educational level for both sexes and all age groups, inequalities in TB mortality were found to be high (RII = 9.7 and 13.4 among men and women, respectively) and growing at an annual rate of 8% and 1%. High and increasing inequalities, regarding educational level, in TB mortality in Colombia suggest the need to comprehensively address strategies for reducing TB by considering social determinants and including health education strategies throughout the country.Pretendemos describir el papel de las inequidades educacionales, según sexo y grupos de edad, en la mortalidad de adultos por tuberculosis (TB) en Colombia, 1999-2017. Relacionamos datos de mortalidad con la estimación de datos de la población nacional, basada en censos y encuestas, con el fin de obtener las tasas de mortalidad primarias, secundarias, y terciarias de adultos (25+ años) estandarizadas por edad, según el nivel educativo. Se realizó un estudio basado en población, usando datos de mortalidad nacional secundaria entre 1999 y 2017. Las tasas de mortalidad por tuberculosis estandarizadas por edad (ASMR), fueron calculadas separadamente por nivel educacional, sexo, y grupos de edad, usando modelos de regresión de Poisson. Las inequidades educacionales relacionadas con la mortalidad en adultos fueron evaluadas calculando el cociente de tasas, y el índice de inequidad relacionado (RII). Se evaluaron tendencias y joinpoints mediante la variación porcentual anual (APC). Se descubrió que, de las 19.720 muertes informadas por TB, un 69% se produjeron en hombres, y un 45% en hombres y mujeres adultos mayores (65+). Los hombres presentaron tasas de mortalidad más altas por TB que las mujeres (ASMR hombres = 7,1/100.000 habitantes, ASMR mujeres = 2,7/100.000 habitantes). Asimismo, la mortalidad fue consistentemente más alta en los niveles educacionales más bajos y ambos sexos, además en todos los grupos de edad existieron inequidades altas en la mortalidad por TB (RII = 9,7 y 13,4 entre hombres y mujeres, respectivamente) y creciendo a una tasa anual de un 8% y 1%. Las altas y crecientes inequidades por nivel educacional en la mortalidad por TB en Colombia apuntan la necesidad de dirigir estrategias que reduzcan la TB ampliamente, tomando en consideración determinantes sociales e incluyendo estrategias de educación en salud en todo el país.O estudo tem como objetivo descrever o papel das desigualdades educacionais por gênero e grupo etário na mortalidade por tuberculose (TB) em adultos colombianos entre 1999 e 2017. Relacionamos os dados de mortalidade com as estimativas da população nacional, com base nos censos demográficos e inquéritos para obter as taxas de mortalidade padronizadas por idade (TMPI), primárias, secundárias e terciárias, em adultos com 25 anos ou mais, de acordo com o nível de escolaridade. Foi realizado um estudo populacional com o uso de dados de mortalidade secundários entre 1999 e 2017. Foram utilizados modelos de regressão Poisson para calcular separadamente as taxas de mortalidade por tuberculose padronizadas por idade, de acordo com o nível de escolaridade, sexo e grupo etário. As desigualdades educacionais relativas na mortalidade em adultos foram avaliadas pelo cálculo da razão de taxas e o índice relativo de desigualdade (IRD). Foram avaliadas as tendências e os joinpoints através da mudança percentual anual média (APC). Entre os 19.720 óbitos por TB notificados, 69% ocorreram em homens e 45% em homens e mulheres adultos (65+). Os homens apresentaram taxas de mortalidade por TB maiores que as mulheres (TMPI masculina = 7,1/100.000 habitantes, TMPI feminina = 2,7/100.000 habitantes). A mortalidade era mais alta no nível mais baixo de escolaridade em ambos os sexos e em todos os grupos etários, portanto, as desigualdades na mortalidade por TB eram altas (IRD = 9,7 e 13,4 em homens e mulheres, respectivamente), com crescimento anual de 8% e 1%. As desigualdades altas e crescentes na mortalidade por TB de acordo com o nível de escolaridade na Colômbia sugerem a necessidade de adotar estratégias abrangentes para reduzir a carga da tuberculose, levando em conta os determinantes sociais e incluindo estratégias nacionais de educação em saúde.Reports in Public HealthCadernos de Saúde Pública2022-01-31info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlapplication/pdfhttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8029Reports in Public Health; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2022): JanuaryCadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 38 n. 1 (2022): Janeiro1678-44640102-311Xreponame:Cadernos de Saúde Públicainstname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)instacron:FIOCRUZenghttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8029/17986https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8029/17987Salomé Valencia-AguirreIvan ArroyaveAlberto L. García-Basteiroinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-03-06T15:30:20Zoai:ojs.teste-cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br:article/8029Revistahttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csphttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/oaicadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br1678-44640102-311Xopendoar:2024-03-06T13:09:12.873187Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)true |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction |
title |
Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction |
spellingShingle |
Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction Salomé Valencia-Aguirre Tuberculosis Mortality Socioeconomic Factors |
title_short |
Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction |
title_full |
Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction |
title_fullStr |
Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction |
title_full_unstemmed |
Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction |
title_sort |
Educational level and tuberculosis mortality in Colombia: growing inequalities and stagnation in reduction |
author |
Salomé Valencia-Aguirre |
author_facet |
Salomé Valencia-Aguirre Ivan Arroyave Alberto L. García-Basteiro |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Ivan Arroyave Alberto L. García-Basteiro |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Salomé Valencia-Aguirre Ivan Arroyave Alberto L. García-Basteiro |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Tuberculosis Mortality Socioeconomic Factors |
topic |
Tuberculosis Mortality Socioeconomic Factors |
description |
We aim to describe the role of educational inequalities, for sex and age groups, in adult tuberculosis (TB) mortality in Colombia, 1999-2017. We linked mortality data to data estimation of the national population based on censuses and surveys to obtain primary, secondary, and tertiary adult (25+ years of age) age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) by educational level. Thus, a population-based study was conducted using national secondary mortality data between 1999 and 2017. Tuberculosis age-standardized mortality rates were calculated separately by educational level, sex, and age groups, using Poisson regression models. Educational relative inequalities in adult mortality were evaluated by calculating the rate ratio, and the relative index of inequality (RII). Trends and joinpoints were evaluated by annual percentage change (APC). We found that, out of the 19,720 TB deaths reported, 69% occurred in men, and 45% in older adults (men and women, aged 65+). Men presented higher TB mortality rates than women (ASMR men = 7.1/100,000 inhabitants, ASMR women = 2.7/100,000 inhabitants). As mortality was consistently higher in the lowest educational level for both sexes and all age groups, inequalities in TB mortality were found to be high (RII = 9.7 and 13.4 among men and women, respectively) and growing at an annual rate of 8% and 1%. High and increasing inequalities, regarding educational level, in TB mortality in Colombia suggest the need to comprehensively address strategies for reducing TB by considering social determinants and including health education strategies throughout the country. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-01-31 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8029 |
url |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8029 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8029/17986 https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/8029/17987 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Reports in Public Health; Vol. 38 No. 1 (2022): January Cadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 38 n. 1 (2022): Janeiro 1678-4464 0102-311X reponame:Cadernos de Saúde Pública instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) instacron:FIOCRUZ |
instname_str |
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
instacron_str |
FIOCRUZ |
institution |
FIOCRUZ |
reponame_str |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
collection |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br |
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1816705385490284544 |