Educação infantil pública e privada na RMBH: uma análise a partir do Censo Escolar 2014

• Autor(a) principal: Ferreira, Rinara Passos Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Fundação João Pinheiro
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.fjp.mg.gov.br/handle/tede/366
• topic: Acesso à educação; Educação infantil; Educação e Estado; Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte; ADMINISTRACAO PUBLICA::POLITICA E PLANEJAMENTO GOVERNAMENTAIS

Early childhood education is the first stage of basic education and pre-school is the first universal and mandatory stage in the educational process of the child. It is a right secured to the child in the Federal Constitution of 1988, and also was object in the Planos Nacionais de Educação 2000 and 2014. At the same time, early childhood education should be seen as a public policy which impacts on women entering in the job market and, consequently, the financial autonomy of the family in which the woman and child are included. This work is part of the context of changing perspective provided by the public sector to early childhood education, with changes in legislation that elevate the importance of this educational stage, through FUNDEB funding, by including the step as part of the national basic education and through mandatory attendance at pre-school for children of 4 and 5 years. However, by the analysis of the regulatory frameworks, you can see that does not exist in the country a consolidated and well-designed policy of early childhood education. With several different formats of educational system, municipalities are the main responsible for the provision of the service. In this context, the study aimed to investigate the early childhood education offered in the Belo Horizonte Great Area (RMBH) regarding coverage and aspects of quality of this offer. Mainly of those aspects are available in the Censo Escolar 2014. For this, was used two main classifications of data grouping: by type of management of the educational institution and the cities. The analysis was based on the variables of school attendance, infrastructure, teachers graduation level, composition of groups, financing and public spending. From the results for RMBH, the coverage of kindergarten was shown to be directly related to municipal spending, a fact that was not repeated for pre-school, where coverage was not significantly related to municipal spending. About the offer quality in early childhood education in RMBH, the data points to flaws in the three types of management formats. However this is not conclusive to present which type of management is better. Comparing the data by municipality, there was no single standard to analyze the performance of schools among the various aspects, sometimes standing out a group of municipalities, then another, being so reckless a single classification of correlation of the variables. However, we sought to the maximum, extract information that contributes to the purpose of this study.