Testes Farmacogenéticos e Farmacogenômicos na prática clínica:: benefícios e desafios da sua implementação

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes Ribeiro, Maria Angélica
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Faria Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista Científica da Faculdade de Medicina de Campos
• Texto Completo: https://revista.fmc.br/ojs/index.php/RCFMC/article/view/596
• topic: Testes farmacogenéticos; Polimorfismo genético; Farmacogenômica; Antineoplásicos; Farmacêutico; Pharmacogenetic tests; Genetic polymorphism; Pharmacogenomics; Antineoplastics; Pharmaceutical

Varied therapeutic responses related to the same drug occur due to age, weight, gender, diet and genetic factor. Pharmacogenetics is the science that interprets specific allelic variants. Pharmacogenomics investigates numerous allelic variants to discover the genetic characteristics of an individual. An individualized therapeutic regimen can lead to increased efficacy and reduced intensity of undesirable side effects or even its end. However, the implementation of pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic tests in clinical practice has been slow. There are barriers such as low power of association, need for professional education in genetics and associated technologies, and ethical issues. With comprehensive drug training, the pharmacist plays an important role in guiding testing to physicians and patients. The aim of this study was to report the importance of tests for patient pharmacotherapy in clinical practice, presenting the beneficts and challenges arising from this implementation. Therefore, a literature review was carried out using 23 articles from the last 5 years, which demonstrated the importance of tests in helping health professionals in choosing pharmacotherapy, reducing adverse effects reducing unnecessary expenses, increasing the quality of life for patients and their families, between others, thereby evidencing more opportunities with the use of tests than threats.