OPIOID CRISIS AND EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF ITS DEPENDENCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

• Autor(a) principal: Gicovate, Ana Gabriela Poppe
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Leal Prestes Marins , Arthur, Oliveira Barreto , Letícia, de Lemos Neto, Miguel, Cristina da Cunha Rodrigues, Marta
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista Científica da Faculdade de Medicina de Campos
• Texto Completo: https://revista.fmc.br/ojs/index.php/RCFMC/article/view/557
• topic: Dependência de Ópio; Analgésicos Opioides; Tolerância a Medicamentos; Síndrome de Abstinência a Substâncias; Opioid, Tolerance, Dependence, Treatment, Withdrawal syndrome.

Opioid drugs are substances derived from opium, an active ingredient derived from the poppy (Papaver somniferum) and are mainly used for the treatment of acute and chronic pain, oncological and non-oncological. These substances act on Mu, Kappa and Delta receptors, and their pharmacological mechanism is the up-regulation of these receptors through the increased availability of neurotransmitters and enzymes associated with the modulation of the mesolimbic reward pathway. Abrupt removal of opioid drugs has as a common outcome the withdrawal syndrome, characterized by symptoms such as vertigo, hypotension, drowsiness, decreased level of consciousness and psychomotor restlessness. This study aims to highlight the physiological and pharmacological mechanisms related to the withdrawal syndrome and possible therapeutic alternatives to minimize the incidence and effects of this condition, as well as historical, social and economic aspects involved in the development of the current opioid crisis. It aims to inform the general population to improve the social and medical perspective on the abuse of opioid drugs.