Perfil e evolução clínica do idoso hospitalizado atendido nas unidades de internação de um hospital de ensino

• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Camilla Christina
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da FAMERP
• Texto Completo: http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/386
• topic: Aged; Clinical Evolution; Geriatric Nursing; Hospitalization; Idoso; Evolução Clínica; Enfermagem Geriátrica; Hospitalização; Anciano; Evolución Clínica; Enfermería Geriátrica; Hospitalización; ENFERMAGEM::ENFERMAGEM DE SAUDE PUBLICA::5647390027954931658::600

Aging causes several changes in the elderly’s body, which leave this population fragile, thus increasing the health problems and consequently, raising the number of hospitalizations. In addition, hospitalization may lead to aggravation of pre-existing functional changes, thus being a risk factor for the functional decline of the elderly. Therefore, it is of great interest to know the causes and factors associated with hospitalizations. Objectives: Characterize the demographic and clinical aspects of the elderly hospitalized in inpatient care units within a teaching hospital; identify the clinical evolution of these patients during hospitalization (discharge, death). Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional electronic records analysis of the elderly patients treated at inpatient care units from January 2014 to December 2014. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), descriptive analysis of the variables of sample characterization, application of the associative statistics through chi-square test. Results: The results show that the majority of the patients were male (8014-53.8%), with primary education (9183-68.0%), living with a partner (8750-62.4%), household (4652-33.1%), followed by service sector workers (3595-25.6%), white (13902-93.5%), and Catholic (11291-80.2%). The majority of patients presented cardiovascular diseases (3689-24.8%), followed by neoplasias (1753-13.1%), and gastrointestinal diseases (1733-11.64%). Although most diseases are prevalent in males, some have a higher percentage of occurrences, such as neoplasms, hematological diseases, nephrological diseases, and traumas. The highest incidence of death was due to infections (817-60.0%), neoplasias (212-10.9%), respiratory diseases (95-9.1%), and traumas (47-8.6%). Respiratory diseases, infections, and trauma were more frequent in older patients (> 74 years). Patients with infections, respiratory, and skin diseases had a longer length of hospital stay (mean length of hospital stay greater than 7 days). Conclusion: With an increase in the survival rate, also occurs an increase in the number of chronic diseases, leading progressively to the hospitalization of the elderly. Actions aimed at the prevention of these diseases, in the context of Primary Care, are important in order to promote a change in this panorama in the country. The multiprofessional team should train the caregivers. The achievement of an early hospital discharge plan contributes to the decrease of the readmissions of these elderly people. Infections presented a higher number of deaths and length of hospital stay in this population. It is important to educate the population and health professionals about care to avoid the spread of infections.