The Potential of Blood Biomarkers in the Early Identification of Alzheimer's Disease

• Autor(a) principal: Dantas, Francisco Samuel Estrela
• Data de Publicação: 2024
• Outros Autores: Lima, Maria Clara Maniçoba Ferreira de, Sá, Paulo André Oliveira de, Santos, Ludimilla da Costa, Dias, Laryssa Ellen Vasconcelos, Silva, Francisco Sóstenys Layo Nobre, Fraga, Willian Chaves, Fonseca, Danilo Ibero Mendes, Silva, Antonio Charlles Ferreira da, Souza, Felipe Augusto Cordeiro de, Fernandes, Yalisson Frankli do Nascimento, Lins, Gabriel Henrique Albuquerque
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences
• Texto Completo: https://bjihs.emnuvens.com.br/bjihs/article/view/1924
• topic: Doença de Alzheimer; Biomarcadores; Diagnóstico Precoce

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the main causes of dementia worldwide, harming the lives of millions of people. Until recently, AD diagnostic methods relied mainly on clinical assessment, neuropsychological tests and neuroimaging, which were often only able to detect the disease in advanced stages, when changes in the brain were already significant and irreversible. In this context, blood biomarkers emerge, molecules present in the blood that reflect physiological and pathological processes, being widely used in the diagnosis, evaluation and staging of various diseases. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the potential of blood biomarkers in the early diagnosis of AD. This is an integrative literature review with a search in the scientific databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and PubMed, using the following descriptors: "Alzheimer's Disease", "Biomarkers" and "Early Diagnosis", together with Boolean operator “AND”. To better delimit the search, filters were added to the search to display only complete clinical studies, published in the last 5 years, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, for maximum reliability. At the end of the search, 13 were chosen articles to compose the sample of this study. The results showed that several biomarkers, with emphasis on amyloid proteins, TAU and NFL are associated with cognitive impairment, neurodegeneration and progression of AD, especially when evaluated together with already known risk factors, demonstrating good potential for use in the early diagnosis of AD, also with good precision.Further studies are needed to develop early diagnosis protocols, in addition to evaluating the feasibility of creating broad AD screening programs based on serum biomarkers.