COVID-19 AND MATERNAL FETAL COMPLICATIONS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

• Autor(a) principal: Freire, Marina Dantas
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Rocha, Alana Anjos da, Souza, Fabrícia Teixeira de, Lima, Thayná Bezerra, Guimarães, Adriana de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences
• Texto Completo: https://bjihs.emnuvens.com.br/bjihs/article/view/528
• topic: COVID-19; complicações materno fetais; Gestantes; COVID-19; Maternal-fetal complications; Pregnant women

SARS-CoV-2 is a single-chain virus, responsible for causing an infectious disease with high transmission power, which can affect multiple organs and systems. Given the pandemic scenario, groups vulnerable to infection began to be identified, such as pregnant women, due to their immunological and physiological changes, presenting a greater susceptibility to the manifestation of the disease in its most severe form and a greater risk of obstetric and perinatal complications. For this study, an integrative literature review was used with a search on the platforms PubMed®, BIREME, LILACS, SciELO, and IBECS, for articles published between 2019 and 2023, with the descriptors "SARS-COV-2”; “COVID-19”; "PREGNANT"; “FETAL”; “COMPLICATIONS” and Boolean operator “AND”. 187 articles were found, and 25 publications constituted the final sample, with articles outside the proposed period or that did not present a direct correlation with the topic being disregarded. According to in the studies covered, most pregnant women infected by SARS-CoV-2 presented a mild condition, although the need for intensive support was also highlighted in order to cause outcomes such as premature birth, cesarean sections, hypertensive disorders, thromboembolic complications, lower weight at birth and premature rupture of membranes. Fetal receptors were found both in the placental tissue and also in fetal tissues, suggesting the possible occurrence of vertical transmission, and possible damage to fetal development. It is therefore concluded that COVID-19 infection can cause several losses in the maternal-fetal binomial, although its impact is not yet completely clarified in the literature. In view of this, further studies are necessary in order to better assess these consequences and the real long-term commitment.